İncirliova

Infobox Settlement

settlement_type = Town
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = TUR
timezone=EET
utc_offset=+2
map_caption =Location of PAGENAME within Turkey.
timezone_DST=EEST
utc_offset_DST=+3

official_name = İncirliova


image_caption =
image_blank_emblem =
blank_emblem_type =


subdivision_type1=Region
subdivision_name1 = Aegean
subdivision_type2=Province
subdivision_name2 = Aydın| population_total = 40733|population_footnotes=
urban population| = 17,548
population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_density_km2 =
area_total_km2 =
elevation_m = 60|postal_code_type=Postal code
postal_code = 09600
area_code = 256
blank_info = 09|blank_name=Licence plate
leader_name =
website = http://www.incirliova.bel.tr
leader_name1=
gwebsite = http://www.incirliova.gov.tr

İncirliova is a town and a district of Aydın Province, in the Aegean region of Turkey, convert|10|km|mi|0|abbr=on west of the city of Aydın.

Etymology

Formerly known as “Karapınar” the name was changed in 1937 to İncirliova meaning, literally, "the valley of figs", in reference to the fruit ("ficus carica", formerly called "Smyrna figs") in whose production the province of Aydın excels.

History

See Aydın for the rich history of this area, which has so much remaining from antiquity that it feels like an open museum.

The area has changed hands many times throughout history, from the Hittites in the 13th century BC through the Phrygians, Lydians, Ionians, Persians, Alexander the Great, Ancient Rome and Byzantium. The Turkish settlement here was founded in the 1400s by the Madanoğlu family and as it was well watered was called “Karapınar” (dark spring).

The Karapınar area really developed with the building of the Izmir-Aydın railway, founded by a British company to ensure a new source of cotton during the world shortage caused by the American Civil War. Following the railway came other industries including the spinning of cotton and the extraction of olive oil and the surrounding wetlands were drained to create more land for planting. At the same time water was channeled to bathouses and mills in the ever-growing town.

Following the Treaty of Sevres, after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War Karapınar was occupied by Greek forces from May 26th 1919. The Turkish resistance began at nearby Erbeyli in June 1919 and continued in the area throughout the Turkish War of Independence, while the Turkish people of the town retreated into the surrounding hills for safety to gather forces for further resistance. Following the defeat of the Greek army at İnönü and their retreat to the Aegean coast, Karapınar was liberated on September 7 1922.

During the 1920s Karapınar was rebuilt with the founding of sports clubs, a fig-growers union, and a fruit market. The town's first bank, İtibar Bankası was founded in 1927 and electricity came to Karapınar in 1930. The town was renamed İncirliova in the 1930s following an observation by Atatürk of how many fig trees there were in the area.

Geography

İncirliova itself is today a small town of 18,000 people, on the Izmir-Aydın highway and a station on the Izmir-Aydın railway. This area of the Büyük Menderes valley is very fertile and İncirliova is an agricultural district.

Places of interest

* The Atatürk memorial to the memory of the Turkish War of Independence in the town was built in 1985 by Professor Tankut Öktem of Marmara University, it was the first sizeable monument to be designed solely by a Turkish architect.

External links

* [http://www.incirliova.bel.tr the municipality] tr icon