Man-of-war

Man-of-war
A Dutch man-of-war firing a salute. The Cannon Shot, painting by Willem van de Velde the Younger.

The man-of-war (also man of war, man o'war or simply man) was a Royal Navy expression for a powerful warship from the 16th to the 19th century. The term often refers to a ship armed with cannon and propelled primarily by sails, as opposed to a galley which is propelled primarily by oars. The man-of-war was developed in England in the early 16th century from earlier roundships with the addition of a second mast to form the carrack. The 16th century saw the carrack evolve into the galleon and then the ship of the line.

Contents

Development

The man-of-war was developed in England in the 17th century.[1] It derived from the carrack ship design, which ultimately derived from the caravel. The caravel was a Portuguese type of ship invented for initiating the Discoveries, and then for trading and transporting goods to trading posts. Most of Europe used the cog for trading, until the Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator built a larger version he called caravela or caravel. He built up a strong navy, not of powerful warships, but of scouting and trading ships, amounting to 300 caravels. In the late 15th century, Spain and other nations adapted the caravel and invented a new ship, the galleon. In the early 16th century, Portugal created a smaller galleon called the carrack (nau in Portuguese). Henry VIII of England adapted it and called it a man-of-war, but Sir John Hawkins developed the legitimate man-of-war. The man-of-war was so successful that Sir Francis Drake created a smaller version he called the frigott or frigate. During the next two centuries, the man-of-war became even more popular. The most powerful warship in the world at the time was a Portuguese galleon that was nicknamed Botafogo (meaning "fire maker" or "spitfire").

Description

The man-of-war design developed by Sir John Hawkins had three masts which could be up to 200 feet long and could have up to 124 guns: 4 at the bow, 8 at the stern, and 56 in each broadside. All these guns required three cannon decks to hold them, one more than any earlier ship. It had a maximum sailing speed of eight or nine knots.

See also

References

  1. ^ Harland, John (1984). Seamanship in the Age of Sail: An Account of the Shiphandling of the Sailing Man-Of-War 1600–1860, based on contemporary sources. Annapolis, Md: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0870219553. 

External links


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  • Man O' War — Man O War, man o war or manowar may refer to: Man of war, a warship Man of war for uses with this spelling (and for links to corresponding words in different languages which are disambiguated) Contents 1 Places 2 Animals 3 Fictional characters …   Wikipedia

  • Man O'War — en 1920 Père : Fair Play Mère : Mahubah Père de mè …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Man-of-war — Man O War oder Manowar bezieht sich auf: Man of war (Segelschiff), „Mann des Krieges“ ein bewaffnetes Segelschiff Orte Man O War Cay, eine Insel der Bahamas Man O War (Dublin), ein Ort nahe Dublin, Irland Tiere Portuguese Man o War siehe:… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Man O'War — oder Manowar bezieht sich auf: Man of war (Segelschiff), „Mann des Krieges“ ein bewaffnetes Segelschiff Orte Man O War Cay, eine Insel der Bahamas Man O War (Dublin), ein Ort nahe Dublin, Irland Tiere Portuguese Man o War siehe: Portugiesische… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Man O' War — oder Manowar bezieht sich auf: Man of war (Segelschiff), „Mann des Krieges“ ein bewaffnetes Segelschiff Orte Man O War Cay, eine Insel der Bahamas Man O War (Dublin), ein Ort nahe Dublin, Irland Tiere Portuguese Man o War siehe: Portugiesische… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Man o'War — oder Manowar bezieht sich auf: Man of war (Segelschiff), „Mann des Krieges“ ein bewaffnetes Segelschiff Orte Man O War Cay, eine Insel der Bahamas Man O War (Dublin), ein Ort nahe Dublin, Irland Tiere Portuguese Man o War siehe: Portugiesische… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Man o' War — oder Manowar bezieht sich auf: Man of war (Segelschiff), „Mann des Krieges“ ein bewaffnetes Segelschiff Orte Man O War Cay, eine Insel der Bahamas Man O War (Dublin), ein Ort nahe Dublin, Irland Tiere Portuguese Man o War siehe: Portugiesische… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • man-o'-war — man of warˈ or man o warˈ noun (pl men of warˈ or men o warˈ) 1. A warship 2. A soldier (archaic or facetious) 3. (in full man of war bird) the frigate bird 4. (see also ↑Portuguese man of war under ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • Man of war — can refer to more than one item, article or animal. See: Man of war, a type of historical heavily armed warship from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Man of war, the United Kingdom title of the Norwegian WWII movie Max Manus Man of war bird, aka… …   Wikipedia

  • Man of war — Man Man (m[a^]n), n.; pl. {Men} (m[e^]n). [AS. mann, man, monn, mon; akin to OS., D., & OHG. man, G. mann, Icel. ma[eth]r, for mannr, Dan. Mand, Sw. man, Goth. manna, Skr. manu, manus, and perh. to Skr. man to think, and E. mind. [root]104. Cf.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Man-of-war — n; pl. {Men of war}. 1. A government vessel employed for the purposes of war, esp. one of large size; a ship of war. [WordNet sense 1] Syn: ship of the line. [1913 Webster] 2. The {Portuguese man of war}. Syn: Syn. , jellyfish. [WordNet 1.5] {Ma …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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