Shintarō Ishihara

Infobox Politician
name = nihongo|Shintarō Ishihara|石原慎太郎


caption =
small_

office = Governor of Tokyo
term_start = 1999
term_end =
predecessor =
successor =
constituency =
majority =
office2 = Member of the House of Councillors
term_start2 = 1968
term_end2 = 1972
predecessor2 =
successor2 =
constituency2 =
majority2 =
office3 = Member of the House of Representatives
term_start3 = 1972
term_end3 = 1995
predecessor3 =
successor3 =
constituency3 = Tokyo 2nd district
majority3 =
birth_date = Birth date and age|1932|9|30|mf=y
birth_place = flagicon|Japan Kobe
death_date =
death_place =
party = Liberal Democratic Party
relations =
residence =
alma_mater =
occupation =
religion =


website =
footnotes = nihongo|Shintarō Ishihara|石原 慎太郎|Ishihara Shintarō|extra=born September 30, 1932 is a Japanese author, politician and the governor of Tokyo since 1999.

Early life and artistic career

Shintarō was born in Kobe. His father Kiyoshi was an employee, later a general manager, of a shipping company. Shintarō grew up in Zushi, a beach city, where he started sailing. [Young Shintarō asked his father for a sailboat. His father bought him a wooden dinghy(sailboat). Ishihara later wrote that the small sailboat "changed and formed the life of Shintarō and Yujiro." He also said, "The sea is my life's <<halo>>". 海は(私にとって)人生の光背だ [http://www.sensenfukoku.net/sea/award.html] ] He had a younger brother named Yujiro. [Yujiro who was two years younger than Shintarō. Yujiro died in 1987, at age of 52, a famous actor in Japan.]

In 1951, his father died suddenly at his office. [ when Shintarō was 19 years old.] In 1952, he entered Hitotsubashi University, and graduated in 1956.Just two months before graduation, Shintarō won the Akutagawa Prize (Japan's most prestigious literary prize) for the novel nihongo|"Season of the Sun ["Season of the Sun"？　"Seasons in the Sun"？ See [http://www.i-shintaro.com/runner/index.html] ] "|太陽の季節|Taiyō no kisetsu. [ [http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/GOVERNOR/PROFILE/index.htm Profile of the Governor, Tokyo Metropolitan Government] ] His brother Yujiro played a supporting role in the screen adaptation of the novel, and the two soon became the center of a youth-oriented cult." [http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/tokyo_mayor.html Mayors: Shintaro Ishihara: Governor of Tokyo] ," CityMayors.com.]

In the early 1960s, he concentrated on writing, including plays, novels, and a musical version of "Treasure Island". He was involved in directing, ran a theater company, traveled to the North Pole, raced his own yacht, and crossed South America on a motorcycle. From 1967 to 1968, he covered the Vietnam War as a reporter for the "Yomiuri Shimbun".

One of his later novels, "Lost Country" (1982), speculated about Japan under the control of the Soviet Union.Tim Larimer, " [http://cgi.cnn.com/ASIANOW/time/magazine/2000/0424/cover1.html Rabble Rouser] ," "TIME Asia", April 24, 2000.]

Legislative career

In 1968, Ishihara ran as a candidate on the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) national slate for the House of Councillors. He placed first on the LDP list with an unprecedented three million votes. [John J. Emmerson, "Arms, Yen & Power: The Japanese Dilemma", (Tokyo: C.E. Tuttle, 1971), 339.] After four years in the upper house, Ishihara ran for the House of Representatives representing the second district of Tokyo, and again won election.

As a Diet member, Ishihara was often critical of the LDP.Fact|date=February 2007 In 1973, he joined with thirty other LDP lawmakers in the anti-communist "Seirankai" or "Blue Storm Group"; the group gained notoriety in the media for sealing a pledge of unity in their own blood.

Ishihara ran for Governor of Tokyo in 1975 but lost to the popular Socialist incumbent Ryokichi Minobe. He returned to the House of Representatives afterward, and worked his way up the party's internal ladder, serving as Director-General of the Environment Agency under Takeo Fukuda (1976) and Minister of Transport under Noboru Takeshita (1989). During the 1980s, Ishihara was a highly visible and popular LDP figure, but unable to win enough internal support to form a true faction and move up the national political ladder." [http://cgi.cnn.com/ASIANOW/time/magazine/2000/0424/int.ishihara.html 'There's No Need For an Apology': Tokyo's boisterous governor is back in the headlines] ," "TIME Asia", April 24, 2000.]

In 1989, shortly after losing a highly contested race for the party presidency, Ishihara came to the attention of the West through his book, nihongo|"The Japan That Can Say No"|「NO」と言える日本|"No" to ieru Nippon, co-authored with then-Sony chairman Akio Morita. The book called on his fellow countrymen to stand up to the United States.

Ishihara dropped out of national politics in 1995, ending a 25-year career in the Diet. In 1999, he ran on an independent platform and was elected governor of Tokyo.

Family

Ishihara is married to Noriko Ishihara and has four sons. Members of the House of Representatives Nobuteru Ishihara and Hirotaka Ishihara are his eldest and third sons; actor and weatherman Yoshizumi Ishihara is his second son. His youngest son, Nobuhiro Ishihara, is a jetsetting painter involved in accusations of nepotism [http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20070119f1.html] . Nationally famous deceased actor Yujiro Ishihara was his younger brother.

Books written by Ishihara

* "Taiyo no kisetsu" (太陽の季節) , "Season of the Sun", 1956 : Akutagawa Prize, The Best New Author of the Year Prize.
* "Kurutta kajitsu" (狂った果実), "Crazed fruit", 1956.
* "Umi no tizu" (海の地図), "Map of the sea", 1958.
* "Seinen no ki" (青年の樹) , "Tree of the youth".
* "Gesshoku" (月蝕), "Lunar eclipse", 1959.
* "Seishun to wa nanda" (青春とはなんだ), "What is the youth ?" .
* "Oinaru umi e" (大いなる海へ), "To the great sea", 1965.
* "Kaeranu umi" (還らぬ海), 1966.
* "Kaseki no mori"(化石の森), "Petrified forest", 1970 : Minister of Education Prize
* "Yabanjin no daigaku" (野蛮人の大学), "University of barbarian" .
* " 'No' to ieru nihon " (「NO」と言える日本) "The Japan That Can Say No" (in collaboration with Akio Morita), 1989.
* "Soredemo 'No' to ieru nihon. Nichibeikan no konponmondai" (それでも「NO」と言える日本 ―日米間の根本問題―) "The Japan That Can Say No. Principle problem of the Japon-US relations", (in collaboration with Shouichi Watanabe and Kazuhisa Ogawa), 1990.
* " 'Chichi' nakushite kuni tatazu " (“父”なくして国立たず) , 1997.
* "Hisai" (秘祭), "Secret festival" .
* "Seikan" (生還) , "Return alive", 1988.
* "Waga jinsei no toki no toki" (わが人生の時の時) , "The sublime moment of my life", 1990.
* "Kaze ni tsuite no kioku" (風についての記憶) , "My memory about the wind", 1994.
* "Ototo" (弟) , "Yonger brother", 1996 : Mainichibungakusho Special Prize.
* "Sensenfukoku" (宣戦布告「NO」と言える日本経済 ―アメリカの金融奴隷からの解放―), "Proclamation of war", 1998.
* "Hokekyou wo ikiru" (法華経を生きる), "To live the Lotus Sutra", 1998.
* "Seisan" (聖餐) , 1999.
* "Kokka naru genei" (国家なる幻影) , "The nation, an illusion " , 1999.
* "Boku wa kekkon shinai" (僕は結婚しない) "I will not marry", 2001.
* "Ima, 'Tamashii' no kyôiku" (いま「魂」の教育), "Now, 'spirit' education", 2001.
* "Oi te koso jinsei" (老いてこそ人生) , 2002.

Translation in English
*"The Japan That Can Say No", Simon & Schuster, 1991, ISBN 0671726862. Touchstone Books, 1992, ISBN 0671758535. Cassette version ISBN 0671735713. Disk version, 1993, ISBN 1882690230.

Political views

Ishihara is generally described as one of Japan's most prominent "right-wing" politicians. He has also generated controversy due to his support for Japanese nationalism, frequent visits to Yasukuni Shrine and several displays of alleged racism, historical revisionism and sexism. He sometimes implied that he had little affection for Chinese and Koreans. He apparently declares that he is attached to Taiwan (Republic of China) in a possible move to irritate mainland China regarding the Chinese claim of sovereignty over the Taiwanese territory. He has also generated heat from PETA for the reduction of the 37,000 crows that populated Tokyo. [" [http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/GOVERNOR/SPEECH/2002/0201/6.htm Policy Speech by Governor of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara] ," First Regular Session of the Metropolitan Assembly, 2002. ]

Policies as governor

Among Ishihara's moves as governor, he:

* Cut metropolitan spending projects, including plans for a new Toei Subway line, and proposed the sale or leasing out of many metropolitan facilities.
* Imposed a new tax on banks' gross profits (rather than net profits). [Andrew DeWit and Masaru Kaneko, " [http://www.jpri.org/publications/critiques/critique_IX_4.html Ishihara and the Politics of His Bank Tax] ," "JPRI Critique" 9:4, May 2002.]
* Imposed a new hotel tax based on occupancy. [" [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0XPQ/is_2001_Dec_24/ai_83370932 Tokyo hotel tax plan enacted] ," "Kyodo News International", December 24, 2001. ]
* Imposed restrictions on the operation of diesel-powered vehicles, following a highly publicized event where he held up a bottle of diesel soot before cameras and reporters. [" [http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/03/03/business/diesel.php Diesels may return to Japan roads] ," Reuters, March 3, 2006.]
* Proposed opening casinos in the Odaiba district.
* Declared in 2005 that Tokyo would bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics, which discouraged a bid by Fukuoka. [" [http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_6-8-2005_pg2_23 Tokyo governor suggests bid for 2016 Olympics] ," "Daily Times", August 6, 2005. ]
* Set up the ShinGinko Tokyo bank to lend to SMEs in Tokyo. This bank has lost approximately 1 billion dollars worth of taxpayer's money through inadequate customer risk assessments. [" [http://timesonline.typepad.com/urban_dirt/2007/08/shinginko-tokyo.html ShinGinko Tokyo: the crumbling icon of imbecility] ," "Times Online", August 13, 2007. ]

Foreign relations

Ishihara has often been critical of Japan's foreign policy as being non-assertive. Regarding Japan's relationship with the US, he stated that "The country I dislike most in terms of U.S.-Japan ties is Japan, because it's a country that can't assert itself."

Ishihara has also long been critical of the PRC government. He invited the Dalai Lama and the President of the Republic of China Lee Teng-hui to Tokyo, which agitated the government of the People's Republic of China. Ishihara is deeply interested in the North Korean abduction issue, and is calling for economic sanctions against North Korea. [http://www.digitalnpq.org/global_services/global%20viewpoint/10-23-03.html "Ishihara: Only Sanctions Will Force North Korea to Disarm; Japan Needs Its Own Missile Shield (Global Viewpoint 10-22-2003)"] , "New Perspectives Quarterly", October 23, 2003. ] Following Ishihara's campaign to bid Tokyo for the 2016 Summer Olympics, he has since eased his criticism of the Chinese government. He accepted an invitation to attend the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and was selected as a torch-bearer for the Japan leg of the 2008 Olympic Torch Relay. [http://news.cctv.com/china/20080111/101582.shtml]

Racism

On April 9, 2000, in a speech before a Self-Defense Forces group, Ishihara publicly stated that atrocious crimes have been committed repeatedly by illegally entered "sangokujin" (Japanese: 三国人 (third country national); a term commonly viewed as derogatory) and foreigners, and speculated that in the event a natural disaster struck the Tokyo area, they would be likely to cause civil disorder. [original in Japanese: "今日の東京をみますと、不法入国した多くの三国人、外国人が非常に凶悪な犯罪を繰り返している。もはや東京の犯罪の形は過去と違ってきた。こういう状況で、すごく大きな災害が起きた時には大きな大きな騒じょう事件すらですね想定される、そういう現状であります。こういうことに対処するためには我々警察の力をもっても限りがある。だからこそ、そういう時に皆さんに出動願って、災害の救急だけではなしに、やはり治安の維持も１つ皆さんの大きな目的として遂行して頂きたいということを期待しております。"] His comment invoked calls for his resignation, demands for an apology and fears among residents of Korean descent in Japan. Regarding this statement, Ishihara later said:

:I referred to the "many "sangokujin" who entered Japan illegally." I thought some people would not know that word so I paraphrased it and used "gaikokujin", or foreigners. But it was a newspaper holiday so the news agencies consciously picked up the sangokujin part, causing the problem.

:... After World War II, when Japan lost, the Chinese of Taiwanese origin and people from the Korean Peninsula persecuted, robbed and sometimes beat up Japanese. It's at that time the word was used, so it was not derogatory. Rather we were afraid of them.

:... There's no need for an apology. I was surprised that there was a big reaction to my speech. In order not to cause any misunderstanding, I decided I will no longer use that word. It is regrettable that the word was interpreted in the way it was.

Much of the criticism of this statement involved the historical significance of the term: "sangokujin" historically referred to ethnic Chinese and Koreans, working in Japan, several thousand of whom were killed by mobs of Japanese people following the Great Kantō earthquake of 1923.

On February 20, 2006, Ishihara also said: "Roppongi is now virtually a foreign neighborhood. Africans — I don't mean African-Americans — who don't speak English are there doing who knows what. This is leading to new forms of crime such as car theft. We should be letting in people who are intelligent." [" [http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aqkKn5G.sOhk Japan Threatened by China, Its Own Timidity: Ishihara] ", Bloomberg, February 20, 2007.]

Other controversial statements

In 1990, Ishihara stated in a "Playboy" interview that the Rape of Nanking was a fiction, claiming, "People say that the Japanese made a holocaust but that is not true. It is a story made up by the Chinese. It has tarnished the image of Japan, but it is a lie." [Playboy, Vol. 37, No. 10, p 63] He continued to defend this statement in the uproar that ensued [Iris Chang, "The Rape of Nanking", p. 201-202] . He has also backed the film "The Truth about Nanjing", which argues that the Nanking Massacre was propaganda.

Ishihara stated in a 2001 interview with women's magazine "Shukan Josei" that he subscribed to a theory that "old women who live after they have lost their reproductive function are useless and are committing a sin," adding that he "couldn't say this as a politician." He was criticized in the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly for these comments, but responded that the criticism was driven by "tyrant" "old women." [Japan Civil Liberties Union, " [http://www.jclu.org/katsudou/seimei_ikensho/20030127e/03speech.html Committee on Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, The Third Consideration of Japanese Governmental Report: Proposal of List of Issues for Pre-sessional Working Group] ."]

During an inauguration of a university building in 2004, Ishihara stated that French is unqualified as an international language because it is "a language in which nobody can count," referring to the counting system in French, which he believed to be based on units of twenty rather than ten (as is the case in Japanese and English). The statement led to a lawsuit from several language schools in 2005. Ishihara subsequently responded to comments that he did not disrespect French culture by professing his love of French literature on Japanese TV news. [Robert Reed, " [http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:NeVjqBW6VsQJ:www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/features/arts/20050728TDY18001.htm+Ishihara+respect+French+culture&hl=en The governor's artistic side] ," "Daily Yomiuri", July 28, 2005.]

See also

* Ethnic issues in Japan

References

External links

* [http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/GOVERNOR/index.htm Office of the Governor of Tokyo (English)]
* [http://www.sensenfukoku.net/ Sensen Fukoku(Declaration of War) - Ishihara's official website (in Japanese)]
* [http://www.winterpalace.net/isrg/ Shintaro ishihara researchers]
* [http://www8.ocn.ne.jp/~hashingi/page021.html Shintarou and Korean]
* [http://www.geocities.co.jp/wallStreet/6702 Ishihara governor's page]
* [http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/GOVERNOR/KAIKEN/kako18.htm Press confernce of Ishihara governor]
*