Patent watch

In patent law, a patent watch is a process for monitoring newly issued patents on a periodic basis to see if any of these patents might be of interest. [ [http://www.nature.com/bioent/building/ip/012003/pf/nbt1101-1075_pf.html Adda Gogoris & Pamela Ancona, “Research tool patents: tips for facing a "pay up now or litigate" ultimatum”,Nature Biotechnology 19, 1075-1077 (November 2001)] ] Patent watches may for instance be performed on a quarterly basis. It is common practice for corporations in patent-based businesses (e.g. manufacturing) to circulate the results of a patent watch to the appropriate technical people to determine if any newly issued patents are of interest.

A newly issued patent may be of interest if it appears to cover one or more products or processes sold by a given company. That company then runs the risk of being sued for patent infringement. In this case, it is prudent for said company to commission a clearance opinion to at least show that they were diligent in making sure that they did not infringe the issued patent.

If the opinion finds that the company is indeed infringing the patent, then the company can:
*modify its products or processes so that they don’t infringe (designing around),
*seek a license from the patent holder, or
*see if they can find evidence that the patent is not valid.

A company might do a novelty search to determine if there is any prior art that would invalidate the patent that the patent office had not previously considered. If said prior art is discovered, the company may bring an opposition proceeding, or request a reexamination to have the patent declared invalid. Opposition proceedings are available in Europe and Japan. Reexaminations are available in the U.S. In the US, a company may also bring a lawsuit in Federal Court to have the patent declared invalid.

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