Lava Mouse

Lava Mouse Temporal range: Late Pleistocene to Recent
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Rodentia
Family:	Muridae
Subfamily:	Murinae?
Genus:	Malpaisomys Hutterer, Lopez-Martinez & Michaux, 1988
Species:	M. insularis
Binomial name
Malpaisomys insularis Hutterer, Lopez-Martinez & Michaux, 1988

The Lava Mouse, Malpaisomys insularis, is an extinct endemic rodent from the Canary Islands, Spain. It is the only species in the genus Malpaisomys.

The Lava Mouse is known from Holocene and Pleistocene deposits in the eastern Canary Islands, including Fuerteventura, Lanzarote and nearby islets. It became extinct during prehistoric times, probably because of the arrival of humans and the livestock (such as dogs) they brought with them.

A study of its skeletal characteristics suggested that the Lava Mouse lived in fissures opened in the lava fields (Boye et al. 1992). The morphology of its teeth indicates that it was a herbivore (Renaud & Michaux 2004).

Its evolutionary relationships are unresolved due to its fairly generic morphology. Rodents on islands generally increase in size during the course of their evolution (see also insular gigantism); the lava mouse was fairly small for an insular rodent (some 20cm in overall length: Boye et al. 1992). Thus, it is more likely than not that it evolved from small Pliocene mainland genera Paraethomys, Occitanomys, or relatives thereof, than being a later derivative of the Deomyinae (Renaud & Michaux 2004).

This rodent owes its name Malpaisomys to the Spanish word malpaís ("badlands"), denoting the lava fields where its fossil remains are sometimes found in cavities.

References

• Boye, P.; Hutterer, R.; López-Martínez, N. & Michaux, Jacques (1992): A reconstruction of the Lava mouse (Malpaisomys insularis), an extinct rodent of the Canary Islands. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 57(1): 29–38. HTML abstract

• Renaud, Sabrina & Michaux, Jacques (2004): Parallel evolution in molar outline of murine rodents: the case of the extinct Malpaisomys insularis (Eastern Canary Islands). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 142(4): 555–572. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2004.00140.x (HTML abstract)

See also

• List of extinct animals
• List of extinct animals of Europe

External links

• The Extinction Website