Gary Ridgway

Gary Ridgway
Background information
Birth name	Gary Leon Ridgway
Also known as	Green River Gary The Green River Killer The Riverman
Born	February 18, 1949 (1949-02-18) (age 62) Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Conviction	Murder, Solicitation
Sentence	Life imprisonment without parole
Killings
Number of victims:	Convicted of 49, confessed to 71, presumed to be 90+
Span of killings	1982–1998 confirmed, but could be as recent as 2001
Country	United States
State(s)	Washington
Date apprehended	November 30, 2001

Gary Leon Ridgway (born February 18, 1949) is an American serial killer known as the Green River Killer. He murdered numerous women in Washington during the 1980s and 1990s, earning his nickname when the first five victims were found in the Green River.^[1] He strangled them, usually with his arm but sometimes using ligatures. After strangling the women, he would dump their bodies throughout forested and overgrown areas in King County.^[2]

On November 30, 2001, as he was leaving the Renton, Washington Kenworth Truck factory where he worked, he was arrested for the murders of four women whose cases were linked to him through DNA evidence.^[2] As part of a plea bargain wherein he agreed to disclose the whereabouts of still "missing" women, he was spared the death penalty and received a sentence of life imprisonment without parole.

Early life

Ridgway was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, to Mary Rita Steinman and Thomas Newton Ridgway.^[3] He has two brothers—Gregory Leon and Thomas Edward. He was raised in the McMicken Heights neighborhood of SeaTac, Washington.^{[citation needed]}

Ridgway's homelife was somewhat troubled; relatives have described his mother as domineering and have said that young Ridgway witnessed more than one violent argument between his parents.^[4] As a boy Ridgway had a habit of wetting the bed. His mother would often be the one to discover the accidents and would bathe him immediately. She would belittle him and embarrass him in front of his family. From a young age, Ridgway had conflicting feelings of sexual attraction and anger toward her.^[5]

As a young child, Ridgway was tested with an I.Q. of 82, signifying low intelligence, and his academic performance in school was so poor that at one point in high school he had to repeat a single school year twice in order to attain grades decent enough to pass. His classmates at Tyee High School describe him as congenial but largely forgettable. His teenage years, however, were troubled; when he was 16, he stabbed a six-year-old boy, who survived the attack. He had led the boy into the woods and then stabbed him through the ribs into his liver.^[3] According to the victim and Ridgway himself, Ridgway walked away laughing and saying, "I always wondered what it would be like to kill someone."

Adult life

At age 20, after graduating from high school, Ridgway joined the Navy.^[6] After graduation, he married his high school girlfriend, Claudia Barrows, and was sent to Vietnam, where he served onboard a supply ship^[7] and saw combat.^[4] During his time in the military, Ridgway began spending a lot of time with prostitutes and contracted gonorrhea for the second time. This angered him, but he continued to have unprotected sex with prostitutes. Meanwhile, his wife Claudia, alone and 19 years old, began dating again, and the marriage quickly ended within a year.^[3]

When questioned about Ridgway after his arrest, friends and family described him as friendly but strange. His first two marriages resulted in divorce because of infidelities by both partners. His second wife, Marcia Winslow, claimed that he had placed her in a chokehold.^[8] Ridgway had become fanatically religious during his second marriage, proselytizing door-to-door, reading the Bible aloud at work and at home, and insisting that Marcia follow the strict teachings of their church pastor.^[3] Ridgway would also frequently cry after sermons or reading the Bible.^[9] Ridgway continued to solicit the services of prostitutes during this marriage and also wanted Marcia to participate in sex in public and inappropriate places, sometimes even in areas where his victims' bodies had been discovered.^[3]

According to Time Magazine writer Terry McCarthy, Ridgway had an insatiable sexual appetite. His three ex-wives and several old girlfriends reported that Ridgway demanded sex from them several times a day.^[9] Often he would want to have sex in a public area or in the woods.^[3] Ridgeway himself admitted to having a fixation with prostitutes,^[10] with whom he had a love-hate relationship. He frequently complained about their presence in his neighborhood, but he also took advantage of their services regularly. It's possible that Ridgway was torn between his uncontrollable lusts and his staunch religious beliefs.^[9]

In 1975 his second wife gave birth to his son, Matthew.^[11]

Murders

Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Ridgway is believed to have murdered at least 71 women (according to Ridgway, in an interview with Sheriff Reichert 2001) near Seattle and Tacoma, Washington. His court statements later reported that he had killed so many, he lost count. A majority of the murders occurred between 1982 and 1984. The victims were believed to be either prostitutes or runaways picked up along Pacific Highway South (International Blvd. 99) whom he strangled. Most of their bodies were dumped in wooded areas around the Green River except for two confirmed and another two suspected victims found in the Portland, Oregon area. The bodies were often left in clusters, sometimes posed, usually nude. He would sometimes return to the victims' bodies and have intercourse with them (an act of necrophilia). Because most of the bodies were not discovered until only the skeletons remained, four victims are still unidentified. Ridgway occasionally contaminated the dump sites with gum, cigarettes, and written materials belonging to others, and he even transported a few victims' remains across state lines into Oregon to confuse the police.

Ridgway began each murder by picking up a woman, usually a prostitute. He sometimes showed the woman a picture of his son, to help her trust him. After having sex with her, Ridgway strangled her from behind. He initially strangled them manually. However, many victims inflicted wounds and bruises on his arm while trying to defend themselves. Concerned these wounds and bruises would draw attention, Ridgway began using ligatures to strangle his victims. Most victims were killed in his home, his truck, or a secluded area.^[2]

In the early 1980s, the King County Sheriff's Office formed the Green River Task Force to investigate the murders. The most notable members of the task force were Robert Keppel and Dave Reichert, who periodically interviewed incarcerated serial killer Ted Bundy from 1984. Their interviews with Bundy were of little help in the Green River investigations but elicited confessions from Bundy on unsolved cases. Also contributing was John E. Douglas, who has since written much on the subject of the Green River Killer.

Ridgway was arrested in 1982 and 2001 on charges related to prostitution. He became a suspect in 1983 in the Green River killings. In 1984, Ridgway took and passed a polygraph test, and on April 7, 1987, police took hair and saliva samples from Ridgway.

Around 1985, Ridgway began dating Judith Mawson, who became his third wife in 1988. Mawson claimed in a 2010 television interview that when she moved into his house while they were dating, there was no carpet. Detectives later told her he had probably wrapped a body in the carpet.^[12] In the same interview, she described how he would leave for work early in the morning some days, ostensibly for the overtime pay. Mawson speculated that he must have committed some of the murders while supposedly working these early morning shifts. She claimed that she had not suspected Ridgway's crimes before he was contacted by authorities in 1987, and in fact had not even heard of the Green River Killer before that time because she didn't watch the news.^[12]

Author Pennie Morehead says that when she interviewed Ridgway in prison, he said his urge to kill was reduced while he was in a relationship with Mawson, causing him to commit fewer murders than he otherwise would have, and that he truly loved her.^[12] Mawson told a local television reporter, "I feel I have saved lives ... by being his wife and making him happy."^[13]

The samples collected in 1987 were later subjected to a DNA analysis, providing the evidence for his arrest warrant. On November 30, 2001, Ridgway was at the Kenworth Truck factory, where he worked as a spray painter, when police arrived to arrest him. Ridgway was arrested on suspicion of murder of four women nearly 20 years after first being identified as a potential suspect when DNA evidence conclusively linked semen left in the victims to the saliva swab taken by the police. The four victims named in the original indictment were Marcia Chapman, Opal Mills, Cynthia Hinds, and Carol Ann Christensen. Three more victims—Wendy Coffield, Debra Bonner, and Debra Estes—were added to the indictment after a forensic scientist identified microscopic spray paint spheres as a specific brand and composition of paint used at the Kenworth factory during the specific time frame when these victims were killed.^[12]

Plea bargain, confessions, sentencing

Early in August 2003, Seattle television news reported that Ridgway had been moved from a maximum security cell at King County Jail to an undisclosed location. Other news reports stated that his lawyers, led by Anthony Savage, were closing a plea bargain that would spare him the death penalty in return for his confession to a number of the Green River murders.

On November 5, 2003, Ridgway entered a guilty plea to 48 charges of aggravated first degree murder as part of a plea bargain, agreed to in June, that would spare him execution in exchange for his cooperation in locating the remains of his victims and providing other details. In his statement accompanying his guilty plea, Ridgway explained that all of his victims had been killed inside King County, Washington, and that he had transported and dumped the remains of the two women near Portland to confuse the police.

Deputy prosecutor Jeffrey Baird noted in court that the deal contained "the names of 41 victims who would not be the subject of State v. Ridgway if it were not for the plea agreement." King County Prosecuting Attorney Norm Maleng explained his decision to make the deal:

“

We could have gone forward with seven counts, but that is all we could have ever hoped to solve. At the end of that trial, whatever the outcome, there would have been lingering doubts about the rest of these crimes. This agreement was the avenue to the truth. And in the end, the search for the truth is still why we have a criminal justice system ... Gary Ridgway does not deserve our mercy. He does not deserve to live. The mercy provided by today's resolution is directed not at Ridgway, but toward the families who have suffered so much ...[14]

”

On December 18, 2003, King County Superior Court Judge Richard Jones sentenced Ridgway to 48 life sentences with no possibility of parole and one life sentence, to be served consecutively. He was also sentenced to an additional 10 years for tampering with evidence for each of the 48 victims, adding 480 years to his 48 life sentences.

Ridgway led prosecutors to three bodies in 2003. On August 16 of that year, the remains of a 16-year-old female found near Enumclaw, Washington, 40 feet from State Route 410, were pronounced as belonging to Pammy Annette Avent, who had been believed to be a victim of the Green River Killer. The remains of Marie Malvar and April Buttram were found in September. On November 23, 2005, The Associated Press reported that a weekend hiker found the skull of one of the 48 women Ridgway admitted murdering in his 2003 plea bargain with King County prosecutors. The skull of Tracy Winston, who was 19 when she disappeared from Northgate Mall on September 12, 1983, was found by a man hiking in a wooded area near Highway 18 near Issaquah, southeast of Seattle.

Ridgway confessed to more confirmed murders than any other American serial killer. Over a period of five months of police and prosecutor interviews, he confessed to 48 murders––42 of which were on the police's list of probable Green River Killer victims.^[15] On February 9, 2004, county prosecutors began to release the videotape records of Ridgway's confessions. In one taped interview, he told investigators initially that he was responsible for the deaths of 65 women, but in another taped interview with Reichert on December 31, 2003, Ridgway claimed to have murdered 71 victims and confessed to having had sex with them prior to killing them, a detail which he did not reveal until after his sentencing.^[16] In his confession, he acknowledged that he targeted prostitutes because they were "easy to pick up and that he hated most of them."^[17] He also confessed that he had sex with his victims' bodies after he murdered them, but claimed he began burying the later victims so that he could resist the urge to commit necrophilia.^[18]

Ridgway talked to and tried to make his victims comfortable before he committed the murders. In his own words, "I would talk to her... and get her mind off of the, sex, anything she was nervous about. And think, you know, she thinks, 'Oh, this guy cares'... which I didn't. I just want to, uh, get her in the vehicle and eventually kill her."^[19]

Later in a statement Ridgway said that murdering young women was his "career".^[20]

Ridgway is incarcerated at Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla, Washington.

Victims

Before Ridgway's confession, authorities had attributed 49 murders to the Green River Killer.^[21] As mentioned above, Ridgway confessed to murdering as many as 71 victims.

Confirmed

At the time of his December 18, 2003 sentencing, authorities had been able to find 48 sets of remains, including victims not originally attributed to the Green River Killer. Ridgway was sentenced for the deaths of each of these 48 victims, with a plea agreement that he would "plead guilty to any and all future cases (in King County) where his confession could be corroborated by reliable evidence."^[22]

#	Name	Age	Disappeared	Found
1	Wendy Lee Coffield	16	July 8, 1982	July 15, 1982
2	Gisele Ann Lovvorn	17	July 17, 1982	September 25, 1982
3	Debra Lynn Bonner	23	July 25, 1982	August 12, 1982
4	Marcia Fay Chapman	31	August 1, 1982	August 15, 1982
5	Cynthia Jean Hinds	17	August 11, 1982	August 15, 1982
6	Opal Charmaine Mills	16	August 12, 1982	August 15, 1982
7	Terry Rene Milligan	16	August 29, 1982	April 1, 1984
8	Mary Bridget Meehan	18	September 15, 1982	November 13, 1983
9	Debra Lorraine Estes	15	September 20, 1982	May 30, 1988
10	Linda Jane Rule	16	September 26, 1982	January 31, 1983
11	Denise Darcel Bush	23	October 8, 1982	June 12, 1985
12	Shawnda Leea Summers	16	October 9, 1982	August 11, 1983
13	Shirley Marie Sherrill	18	October 20–22, 1982	June 1985
14	Rebecca "Becky" Marrero	20	December 3, 1982	December 21, 2010
15	Colleen Renee Brockman	15	December 24, 1982	May 26, 1984
16	Alma Ann Smith	18	March 3, 1983	April 2, 1984
17	Delores LaVerne Williams	17	March 8–14, 1983	March 31, 1984
18	Gail Lynn Mathews	23	April 10, 1983	September 18, 1983
19	Andrea M. Childers	19	April 14, 1983	October 11, 1989
20	Sandra Kay Gabbert	17	April 17, 1983	April 1, 1984
21	Kimi-Kai Pitsor	16	April 17, 1983	December 15, 1983
22	Marie M. Malvar	18	April 30, 1983	September 26, 2003
23	Carol Ann Christensen	21	May 3, 1983	May 8, 1983
24	Martina Theresa Authorlee	18	May 22, 1983	November 14, 1984
25	Cheryl Lee Wims	18	May 23, 1983	March 22, 1984
26	Yvonne "Shelly" Antosh	19	May 31, 1983	October 15, 1983
27	Carrie Ann Rois	15	May 31–June 13, 1983	March 10, 1985
28	Constance Elizabeth Naon	19	June 8, 1983	October 27, 1983
29	Kelly Marie Ware	22	July 18, 1983	October 29, 1983
30	Tina Marie Thompson	21	July 25, 1983	April 20, 1984
31	April Dawn Buttram	16	August 18, 1983	August 30, 2003
32	Debbie May Abernathy	26	September 5, 1983	March 31, 1984
33	Tracy Ann Winston	19	September 12, 1983	March 27, 1986
34	Maureen Sue Feeney	19	September 28, 1983	May 2, 1986
35	Mary Sue Bello	25	October 11, 1983	October 12, 1984
36	Pammy Annette Avent	15	October 26, 1983	August 16, 2003
37	Delise Louise Plager	22	October 30, 1983	February 14, 1984
38	Kimberly L. Nelson	21	November 1, 1983	June 14, 1986
39	Lisa Yates	19	December 23, 1983	March 13, 1984
40	Mary Exzetta West	16	February 6, 1984	September 8, 1985
41	Cindy Anne Smith	17	March 21, 1984	June 27, 1987
42	Patricia Michelle Barczak	19	October 17, 1986	February 1993
43	Roberta Joseph Hayes	21	Last seen leaving a Portland, Oregon jail on February 7, 1987	September 11, 1991
44	Marta Reeves	36	March 5, 1990	September 20, 1990
45	Patricia Yellowrobe	38	January 1998	August 6, 1998
46	Unidentified White Female	12–17	Died prior to May 1983	March 21, 1984
47	Unidentified Black Female	18–27	1982–1984	December 30, 1985
48	Unidentified White Female	14–18	December 1980 – January 1984	January 2, 1986
49	Unidentified Female	13–24	1973–1993	August 2003

• Before Ridgway's confession, authorities had not attributed the Green River Killer with the deaths of victims Rule, Barczak, Hayes, Reeves, Yellowrobe and 'victim 49'.^[21]
• Ridgway's confession and directions lead police search crews to find the bodies of Avent, Buttram, and Malvar in August and September 2003.
• On Tuesday, December 21, 2010, hikers near the West Valley Highway in Auburn, WA found a skull in the vicinity of where Marie Malvar's remains were found in 2003. The skull was identified as belonging to Rebecca "Becky" Marrero, who was last seen on December 3, 1982. The King County Prosecutor confirmed that Ridgway would be formally charged with her murder on February 11, 2011.^[22] On February 18, 2011, he entered a guilty plea in the murder of Rebecca Marrero, adding a 49th life sentence to his existing 48. Ridgway confessed to murdering Marrero in his original plea bargain, but due to insufficient evidence, the charges could not be filed. Therefore, there is no change in his current incarceration status.^[23]
• The remains of Tracy Winston were found, without a skull, in Kent's Cottonwood Grove Park in March 1986. Winston's skull was found in November 2005 near Tiger Mountain, miles away from the discovery site of the rest of her body. Police assume someone carried it to the location.^[24]

Task force victims list

Ridgway is suspected of — but not charged with — murdering the remaining six victims of the original list attributed to the Green River Killer.^[21] Either Ridgway did not confess to the victim's death, or authorities have not been able to corroborate with reliable evidence.

Name	Age	Disappeared	Found
Amina Agisheff	35	July 7, 1982	April 18, 1984
Kasee Ann Lee (Woods)	16	August 28, 1982	not yet found
Tammie Liles	16	June 9, 1983	April 1985
Keli Kay McGinness	18	June 28, 1983	not yet found
Angela Marie Girdner	16	July 1983	April 22, 1985
Patricia Osborn	19?	October 20, 1983?	not yet found

• Ridgway denied killing Amina Agisheff. Agisheff does not fit the profile of any of the victims of the Green River Killer considering her age, and she was not a prostitute or a teenaged runaway.^[25]
• Although he has never been charged with her murder, Gary Ridgway did confess to killing Kasee Ann Lee. During police interrogations in 2003, Ridgway stated that he strangled Lee in 1982 and left her body near a drive-in theatre off the Sea-Tac Strip. As of October 2008, law enforcement officials have been unable to locate Lee's remains at the dump site that Ridgway indicated.^[26]
• Ridgway is a suspect in the death of Tammie Liles. Her body was discovered within a mile of the bodies of known victims Shirley Shirell and Denise Bush. Liles remained unidentified until 1998.^[27]
• Evidence exists to suggest that Ridgway murdered Keli Kay McGinness. Shortly before her disappearance, McGinness was questioned by a Port of Seattle police officer while "dating" Ridgway near the SeaTac Strip. Furthermore, during the summer of 2003, Ridgway led authorities to the bodies of several of his victims. One of those bodies (which later turned out to be April Buttram) was initially identified by Ridgway as being that of Keli Kay McGinness. According to Ridgway, he often confused McGinness with Buttram because of their similar physiques.^[28]
• Ridgway is a suspect in the death of Angela Marie Girdner. Her body was discovered within a mile of the bodies of known victims Shirley Shirell and Denise Bush. Girdner remained unidentified until October 2009.^[27]

Suspected

Ridgway has been considered a suspect in the disappearances/murders of five other women not attributed at the time to the Green River Killer. No charges have been filed.

Name	Age	Disappeared	Found
Kristi Lynn Vorak	13	October 31, 1982	not yet found
Patricia Ann Leblanc	15	August 12, 1983	not yet found
Rose Marie Kurran[29]	16	August 26, 1987	August 1987
Darci Warde	16	April 24, 1990	not yet found
Cora McGuirk	22	July 12, 1991	not yet found

• Cora McGuirk was the mother of National Basketball Association player Martell Webster. McGuirk disappeared when her son was four years old.^[30]

Popular culture

• In 2008, the Lifetime Movie Network aired The Capture of the Green River Killer, a TV movie loosely based on his crimes. John Pielmeier portrays Ridgway.
• The movie Green River Killer was released in 2005.
• Green River was released on May 8, 2008. This nonfiction film closely parallels events with the Green River case. It was directed by Sam Taybi.
• The TV series Crimes That Shook the World featured Gary Ridgway in a biography (starring Frank Violi) (narration by Tim Pigott-Smith) of the Green River Killer.
• The Seattle grunge band Green River was named after the Green River Killer, who was, at the time, at large. Green River song "Ozzie" references the killer directly.
• The Julie Ruin song "I Wanna Know What Love Is" references the Green River Killer.
• Aggrotech group Combichrist made mention of Ridgway in their song "God Bless."
• The Jakprogresso song "Dumpsites" references Gary Ridgway.
• The song "Deep Red Bells" by Neko Case was inspired by her growing up as a teenager in the area during the time of the murders.^[31]

In addition to movies, many books have been written about the Green River murders and Gary Ridgway himself. Along with these known novels, there are countless numbers of books that Green River killings are featured in. Renown thriller novelist Ann Rule wrote Green River, Running Red. Others include The Riverman: Ted Bundy and I Hunt for the Green River Killer by Robert D. Keppel; Chasing the Devil by Sheriff David Reichert; Case of the Green River Killer by Diane Yancey; Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer by Mark Prothero with help from Carlton Smith; Search for the Green River Killer by Carlton Smith with help from Tom Guillen; Green River Serial Killer: Biography of an Unsuspecting Wife by Pennie Morehead, telling the story of his third wife and her struggles with the truth; The Green River Killer by the King County Journal Staff; Serial Killers: Issues Explored Through Green River Murders by Tomas Guillen; and a graphic novel, Green River Killer by Jeff Jensen and Jonathan Case.

References

1. ^ Haglund, WD; Reichert, DG; Reay, DT (1990). "Recovery of decomposed and skeletal human remains in the "Green River Murder" Investigation. Implications for medical examiner/coroner and police". The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology : official publication of the National Association of Medical Examiners 11 (1): 35–43. PMID 2305751.  edit
2. ^ ^{a b c} Prothero, Mark; Carlton Smith (2006). Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. ISBN 978-0-7879-9548-5. 
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Montaldo, Charles (2011-02-14). "Gary Ridgway: The Green River Killer". About.com. http://crime.about.com/od/serial/a/Gary-Ridgway.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-01. 
4. ^ ^{a b} McCarthy (Time).
5. ^ Guillen 2007, p. 130.
6. ^ Gary Ridgway: The Green River Killer
7. ^ Prothero, Mark (2006). Defending Gary, p. 117. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. ISBN 0787981060.
8. ^ McCarthy, p. 4 (online version).
9. ^ ^{a b c} Bell, Rachael. "Green River Killer: River of Death". Turner Entertainment Networks. http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/serial_killers/predators/greenriver/threat_7.html?sect=2. Retrieved 2011-07-01. 
10. ^ Keppel, Robert; Birnes, William J.; Rule, Ann (2004). The Riverman: Ted Bundy and I Hunt for the Green River Killer. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0743463951. http://books.google.com/books?id=QtrLm4J6A9gC&pg=PA444&lpg=PA444&dq=rebecca+guay+ridgway#v=onepage&q=rebecca%20guay%20ridgway&f=false. 
11. ^ Ko, Michael (December 23, 2003). "Local News | Ridgway gave no hint he was a killer, son said | Seattle Times Newspaper". Community.seattletimes.nwsource.com. http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20031223&slug=ridgway23m. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
12. ^ ^{a b c d} "Married to a Monster". Who the (BLEEP) Did I Marry?. Investigation Discovery. 2010-10-13. No. 9, season 1.
13. ^ "Wife Of Nation's Worst Serial Killer Shares Her Story". KIRO 7 Eyewitness News. 2007-05-22. http://www.kirotv.com/news/13362515/detail.html. Retrieved 2010-10-14. 
14. ^ Maleng, Norm (2003-11-05). "Statement of Norm Maleng on Ridgway Plea". http://www.metrokc.gov/proatty/news/2003/RidgwPR5.htm. Retrieved 2008-06-23. 
15. ^ "Anitra Mulwee". karisable.com. http://www.karisable.com/grkmulwee.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-19. 
16. ^ Cold Case Files: "Obsession: Dave Reichert and the Green River Killer (Original airdate: 2005-12-15) on A&E.
17. ^ Hickey, Eric (2010). Serial Murderers and Their Victims. p. 25. 
18. ^ "Ridgway Reveals Gruesome Details In Chilling Confession - Video - KIRO Seattle". Kirotv.com. http://www.kirotv.com/video/2833871/detail.html. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
19. ^ Cold Case Files #56 A&E Network
20. ^ "Green River Killer". Karisable.com. http://www.karisable.com/greenriver.htm. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
21. ^ ^{a b c} Green River victims' list may grow by six
22. ^ ^{a b} Remains found in Auburn, Wash. possible Green River victim
23. ^ Sullivan, Jennifer (February 7, 2011). "Attorney: Ridgway will likely plead guilty to new murder charge". Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2014154781_ridgway08m.html. Retrieved 7 February 2011. 
24. ^ Castro, Hector. "Skull of Woman Killed by Ridgway Found but It Turned Up Miles from the Rest of Her Remains." The Seattle Post-Intelligencer 23 Nov. 2005: B1. LexisNexis. Web. 10 Aug. 2010.
25. ^ "Like minds: Bundy figured Ridgway out | Gary Ridgway". The News Tribune. http://www.thenewstribune.com/2003/11/16/366398/like-minds-bundy-figured-ridgway.html. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
26. ^ (Guillen, T. Serial Killers: Issues Explored Through the Green River Murders. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2007. Page 145).
27. ^ ^{a b} "Police identify remains, look for link to 'Green River Killer' - CNN.com". CNN. December 16, 2009. http://www.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/12/16/green.river.killer/index.html. Retrieved May 3, 2010. 
28. ^ Prothero, M. and Smith, C. Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer. Hoboken, NJ: Jossey-Bass, 2006. Page 376
29. ^ The Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/local/greenriver/1987/part6.html. 
30. ^ "The Portland Tribune ? News". Portlandtribune.com. http://www.portlandtribune.com/sports/story.php?story_id=30837. Retrieved 2010-09-27. 
31. ^ Matos, Michaelangelo (2002-10-14). "Neko Case: Thrice All American". Perfect Sound Forever: The online music magazine with warped perspectives. Perfect Sound Forever. http://www.furious.com/perfect/nekocase.html. Retrieved 2011-08-14. 

• Keppel, Robert. The Riverman: Ted Bundy and I Hunt for the Green River Killer. 2004, paperback. 624 pages, ISBN 0743463951. Updated after the arrest and confession of Gary Ridgway.
• Rule, Ann. Green River, Running Red. Pocket, 2005, paperback. 704 pages, ISBN 0743460502.
• McCarthy, Terry. "River of Death", Time Magazine, February 27, 2003.
• Guillen, Tomas. Serial Killers: Issues Explored Through the Green River Murders. Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007, paperback. 186 pages.

External links

	Biography portal
	Washington portal

• A copy of Ridgway's infamous letter to the press (PDF)

Persondata
Name	Ridgway, Gary
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	February 18, 1949
Place of birth	Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
Date of death
Place of death