- John Kotelawala
Infobox Prime Minister
honorific-prefix =General The Right Honourable
name = Sir John Lionel Kotelawala
honorific-suffix =
KBE, CH, LLD
order =3rdPrime Minister of Sri Lanka
term_start =1953
term_end =1959
monarch =Queen Elizabeth II
predecessor =Dudley Senanayake
successor =Solomon Ridgeway Dias Bandaranaike
birth_date =April 4 1897
birth_place =Ceylon
death_date =October 2 1980
death_place =Colombo ,Sri Lanka
party =United National Party
spouse =
religion =Buddhist |General Sir John Lionel Kotelawala, KBE, CH (April 4 1897 -October 2 1980 ) was aSri Lanka n politician, soldier, most notable for serving as the 3rdPrime Minister of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) from 1953 to 1956.Family and early life
John Kotelawala's father, a police inspector also named John, committed suicide when he was 11. His mother Alice, who was originally a Buddhist converted to Christianity after this. The family was very poor after John Sr's death, but eventually became prosperous. Young John attended
Royal College, Colombo , but had to leave after he became involved in political activities during the riots in 1915.There after he embarked on a trip to
Europe after leaving school, which was very dangerous becauseWorld War I was being fought there. He remained in Europe for five years, spending most of that time in England and France and attended Christ's College, Cambridge University to study agriculture. After returning to Sri Lanka, he distinguished himself as a soldier and businessman. He was fluent in Sinhala, English and French. Kotelawala was known as an aggressive and outspoken man who loved sports, particularly horseback riding andcricket and, particularly as a young man, often got into physical fights when he was insulted.Military career
Kotelawala's first served with the mounted section of the
Colombo Town Guard without enlisting, since he was underage at the time. However after returning from Europe he joined theCeylon Light Infantry as aLieutenant in 1922. He went on to server 23 years retiring as aColonel . He served in the Ceylon's War Council during world war 2. A strong supporter of the military, he was promoted to the rank ofgeneral on his deathbed, the night before his death by presidentJunius Jayawardene in recognition for his service of the country's military when he gifted his homeKandawala to the government to establish aMilitary academy .Political career
He entered politics in 1931 and was elected to the
State Council . As early as 1915 he had become involved with political leaders such asDon Stephen Senanayake and his brother F.R. Senanayake, who was married to Kotelawala's mother's sister. They criticized many of the actions of the British colonial officials.By the time Sri Lanka received
dominion status in 1948, Kotelawala had become an important member of Senanayake'sUnited National Party and he served in several important positions during Senanayake's time as prime minister (1948-1952) including as minister of communication, minister of public works and minister of transport. When the prime minister died in 1952, many expected Kotelawala to succeed him, but his sonDudley Senanayake was chosen instead. By the following year, Kotelawala was the speaker of Parliament, and was chosen as prime minister when Dudley resigned after theHartal 1953 .As prime minister, Kotelawala led Sri Lanka into the
United Nations and contributed to Sri Lanka's expanding foreign relations, particularly with other Asian countries. In 1955 he led his country's delegation to the Bandung conference inIndonesia , where his performance earned him the epithet "Bandung Booruwa" (Bandung Donkey) in Sri Lanka. At the conference he stated his belief that fashionably Marxist anti-colonialist rhetoric ignored Communist atrocities.His government had to deal with economic problems and ethnic conflicts, and he and his party were defeated in the 1956 elections by a group of more radically chauvinistic Sinhalese parties under the leadership of
Solomon Bandaranaike . Kotelawala retired from politics shortly after his electoral defeat and lived for several years inKent , United Kingdom. He eventually returned to Sri Lanka and suffered a stroke at his homeKandawala September 29, 1980. Sir John Kotelawala died in a hospital onOctober 2 ,1980 , and his remains were cremated at Independence Square on October 5 with full military honours.Legacy
In 1985 a national defence academy for training of Officers for all three Defence services in Sri Lankan was established in his home , which he gifted. It has been named
General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University (KDA) is a University offering Undergraduate and post graduate study courses to officers of Defence services in Sri Lanka in various disciplines.Though he strongly criticized the racist attitudes of many westerners, particularly British colonial officials, he did support the continued military presence of the British in Ceylon. He advocated the adoption of some western customs in Sri Lanka. He was knighted and received several other honors from the Ceylonese monarch.
Awards
*He was made a knight in the
Order of the British Empire and admitted to theOrder of the Companions of Honour for his services to the government of Ceylon.
*He was made a member of thePrivy Council .
*In 1980 theGovernment of Sri Lanka promoted him to the honorary rank ofGeneral .ee also
*
General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University
*Ceylon Light Infantry External links & References
* [http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/gen3003.htm The Kotelawala Ancestry]
* [http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/gen3119.htm Attygalle Family Tree]
* [http://internet-moneys.com/data/Political_families_of_the_world Political Families of The World]
* [http://www.parliament.lk/handbook_of_parliament/prime_ministers.jsp Website of the Parliament of Sri Lanka]
* [http://www.kda.lk/ Official Website of General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University]
* [http://www.unp.lk/portal/ Official Website of United National Party]
* [http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~lkawgw/sirjohn.html Sir John Kotelawala's early years]
* [http://www.divaina.com/2008/06/23/mano04.html Sir John Kotelawala in Sinhala]
* [http://www.lankadeepa.lk/Section/diyatha/15062008/09.htm Sir John Kotelawala in Sinhala]
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