Charles Blagden

Charles Blagden
Charles Brian Blagden

Born 17 April 1748
Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire
Died 1820
Arcueil, France
Nationality United Kingdom
Known for Studies of perspiration and the freezing point of solutions
Notable awards Copley Medal

Sir Charles Brian Blagden FRS (17 April 1748 – 1820) was a British physician and scientist.[1] He served as a medical officer in the Army (1776 – 1780) and later held the position of Secretary of the Royal Society (1784 – 1797). Blagden won the Copley Medal in 1788 and was knighted in 1792.

Contents

Science

In June 1783, Blagden, then assistant to Henry Cavendish, visited Antoine Lavoisier in Paris and described how Cavendish had created water by burning "inflammable air".[2] Lavoisier's dissatisfaction with the Cavendish's "dephlogistinization" theory led him to the concept of a chemical reaction, which he reported to the Royal Academy of Sciences on 24 June 1783, effectively founding modern chemistry.

Blagden experimented on human ability to withstand high temperatures. In his report to the Royal Society in 1775, he was first to recognize the role of perspiration in thermoregulation.[3][4]

Blagden's experiments on how dissolved substances like salt affected the freezing point of water led to the discovery that the freezing point of a solution decreases in direct proportion to the concentration of the solution, now called Blagden's Law.[5]

References

  1. ^ For a summary of Blagden's life and work, see Jungnickel, Christa; McCormmach, Russell (1996). Cavendish. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. pp. 212–216. ISBN 0871692201. http://books.google.com/?id=EUoLAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA213&dq=charles+blagden+experiment. 
  2. ^ Brougham, Henry Lord (1839). "Historical Account of the Discovery of the Composition of Water". The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal 27 (54): 316–324. http://books.google.com/?id=zRgXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA318&dq=charles+blagden+experiment. 
  3. ^ Blagden, Charles (1775). "Experiments and Observations in an Heated Room". Philosophical Transactions (1683-1775) 65: 111–123. doi:10.1098/rstl.1775.0013. http://www.jstor.org/sici?sici=0260-7085%281775%2965%3C111%3AEAOIAH%3E2.0.CO%3B2-5. 
  4. ^ Blagden, Charles (1775). "Further Experiments and Observations in an Heated Room". Philosophical Transactions (1683-1775) 65: 484–494. doi:10.1098/rstl.1775.0048. http://www.jstor.org/sici?sici=0260-7085%281775%2965%3C484%3AFEAOIA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-B. 
  5. ^ Mellor, Joseph William (1912). Modern Inorganic Chemistry. New York: Longmans, Green, and Company. p. 161. http://books.google.com/?id=wEoJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA161&dq=Blagden%27s+Law.. 

Further reading

External links


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