Stanstead (city), Quebec

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Stanstead
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settlement_type = Town
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dot_mapsize =250px
dot_map_caption =Location on the U.S.-Canadian border
dot_x =140 |dot_y =270
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subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = CAN
subdivision_type1 = Province
subdivision_name1 = QC
subdivision_type2 = Region
subdivision_name2 = Eastern Townships
subdivision_type3 = Regional Municipality
subdivision_name3 = Memphrémagog Regional County Municipality
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leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Raymond Yates
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established_title = Settled
established_date = 1789-1796
established_title2 = Created
established_date2 = 1995 from merging Stanstead Plain, Rock Island and Beebe Plain
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unit_pref = Imperial
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area_total_km2 = 22.70
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population_as_of =2006
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population_total =2957
population_density_km2 =130.3
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timezone = EST
utc_offset = -5
timezone_DST = EDT
utc_offset_DST = -4
latd=45 |latm=01 |lats= |latNS=N
longd=72 |longm=05 |longs= |longEW=W
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postal_code_type = Canadian Postal code
postal_code = J0B 3E2.
area_code = 819
blank_name =Telephone Exchange
blank_info = 876
blank1_name =GNBC Code
blank1_info = EQBIF
blank2_name = NTS Map
blank2_info = 031H01
website = [http://www.stanstead.ca/en/sections.php?pksections=26150910 Town of Stanstead]
footnotes = Stanstead is a town of 2,957cite web|title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data|date=2007-03-13|accessdate=2007-07-29|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/popdwell/Table.cfm?T=302&SR=1&S=1&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=24&CMA=0|publisher=Statistics Canada] people, part of the Memphrémagog Regional County Municipality in the Eastern Townships region of Quebec. Stanstead is located on the Canada-United States border across from Derby Line, Vermont.

The town of Stanstead was created in 1995 by the merger of the former towns of Stanstead Plain, Rock Island and Beebe Plain.

It is the home of the "Stanstead Journal", an English-language weekly newspaper founded in 1845, as well as Stanstead College. Another notable landmark is Centenary United Church.

Geography

The Tomifobia River runs through the town of Stanstead, dividing the U.S./Canadian border at times. Along portions of Canada's Rue Canusa, houses on the southern end of the street lay entirely within Vermont, while their driveways direct northward, and connect to the street in Quebec, as the northern portions of their properties are within Canada. These residents' backyard neighbours are American, while families living right across the street are Canadian, though no noticeable boundary exists between the two (the street itself is entirely within Canada). In other places, the international border runs through individual homes, so that meals prepared in one country are eaten in the other. An entire tool-and-die factory, once operated by the Butterfield division of Litton Industries, is also divided in two by the border.

History

Stanstead Plain

Stanstead Plain was founded in 1796 by Johnson Taplin, who came from New England in search of good farming land. The town blossomed in the 19th century, due to the influx of United Empire Loyalists and the development of the granite industry. In 1855, the village was incorporated by the Quebec legislature. The town was the main center of commerce of the region through the late 18th century, losing preeminence to Sherbrooke. Stanstead was also at one time the seat of the former Stanstead County, situated North of Derby Line, Vermont.

Rock Island

Rock Island was settled in 1798 by Samuel and Selah Pomroy from Massachusetts. In 1802, a bridge was built across the Tomifobia River to ease access to Derby Line. The following year, Col. Charles Kilborn built a saw mill and a corn mill, then set up a dam on the river to feed them. A few years later, a channel was dug in the bend of the river. The territory located between the channel and the river was named Rock Island.

Rock Island was incorporated as a village in 1892, and became a city in 1957.

Rock Island is known for the Haskell Free Library and Opera House, deliberately constructed on the international border and opened in 1904. The original owners were a couple with dual nationality; Mr. Carlos F. Haskell was an American businessman from Derby Line who owned a number of sawmills, while Mrs. Haskell was born in Canada. The intent was that people on both sides of the border would have use of the facility, which is now a designated historic site.

Another famous native of Rock Island is Henrietta Banting (1912-1976), the wife of Frederick Banting, co-discoverer of insulin in 1922. The Bantings donated some land to the town, and the municipal authorities recognized them by naming a public park in their honor in 1981.

It is also the home of the Dairy Association Company, the manufacturers of Bag Balm. [cite web|url=http://www.tomifobia.com/bagbalm/our_story.html|accessdate=2007-07-29|title=The Bag Balm Story|first=John|last=Mahoney|date=2000-01-10] [This is different from the manufacturers of the product located in Lyndonville, Vermont]

Beebe Plain

Beebe Plain was colonized about 1789 by Zeeba Beebe of Connecticut. A saw mill was established as the town’s first business in 1863. By 1869, Beebe Plain had a church, two stores, a post office, a customs post and some houses. The village separated from the Canton of Stanstead and became a separate municipality. From 1874 to 1935, a Chautauqua-style holiday resort, including a meeting hall, a dining room and about thirty country cottages, attracted thousands of people, mainly Americans from New York and Boston. The granite industry is the major force in the area’s economic history.

Footnotes

External links

* [http://www.stanstead.ca/ Official site]
* [http://www.beauxvillages.qc.ca/anglais/villages_a/stanstead_a.html Beaux Villages — Stanstead, Québec]
* [http://www.cantonsdelest.com/ANGLAIS/visit/outils/carte/recherche_secteurs.php Eastern Townships tourism — Search — Villages]
* [http://www.tourisme-memphremagog.com/en/villes.htm Memphrémagog tourism — Villages]
* [http://www.mrcmemphremagog.com/munic.html#13 MRC Memphrémagog — Municipalités]
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,948520-1,00.html Partly in Vermont: A Borderline Case ("Time")]
* [http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/pm.php?id=exhibit_home&fl=0&lg=English&ex=00000270 The Colbys of Stanstead]