Divalent

Divalent

In chemistry, a divalent ion or molecule has a valence of two and thus can form two bonds with other ions or molecules. An older term for divalent is bivalent.[1]

Divalent anions are atoms or radicals with two additional electrons when compared to their elemental state (that is, with 2 more electrons than protons). For instance, S2– is the sulfide anion.

A divalent cation is missing two electrons as compared with the neutral atom. For instance, iron(II) or Fe2+ is the divalent cationic form of iron. Divalent cations are present in abundance in hard water, for example, calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+). These ionic minerals in solution are what contribute to the properties of water which cause it to be hard, such as the formation of limescale.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ The Free Dictionary: valence
  2. ^ World Health Organization Hardness in Drinking-Water, 2003

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  • divalent — DIVALÉNT adj. v. bivalent. Trimis de siveco, 13.09.2007. Sursa: Sinonime  DIVALÉNT, Ă adj. bivalent (1). (< fr. divalent) Trimis de raduborza, 15.09.2007. Sursa: MDN …   Dicționar Român

  • Divalent — Div a*lent, a. [Pref. di + L. valens, valentis, p. pr. See {Valence}.] (Chem.) Having two units of combining power; bivalent. Cf. {Valence}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • divalent — [dī′vā΄lənt, dī vā′lənt] adj. Chem. 1. having two valences 2. having a valence of two: See VALENT …   English World dictionary

  • Divalent — Valence (chimie) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Valence.  Ne pas confondre la valence et la couche de valence La valence d un élément chimique est le nombre maximal de liaisons chimiques qu il peut former. Ou, autrement dit, c est le… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • divalent — SYN: bivalent (1). * * * di·va·lent ( )dī vā lənt adj having a chemical valence of two <divalent calcium> also bonded to two other atoms or groups <a divalent methylene group> * * * di·va·lent (di vaґlent) having a valence of two;… …   Medical dictionary

  • divalent — bivalent, ente [ bivalɑ̃, ɑ̃t ] adj. • 1866; de bi et valent 1 ♦ Chim. Qui a la valence 2. Molécule bivalente (on dit aussidivalent, ente). 2 ♦ Log. Logique bivalente, qui ne considère que deux valeurs de vérité, le vrai et le faux. 3 ♦ Fam. Qui… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Divalent — Bivalenz bzw. Adj. bivalent, auch Divalenz, divalent (lat./gr.), Zweiwertigkeit steht für: in der Chemie des Bindevermögen eines Atoms oder eines Ions von zwei, siehe Wertigkeit (Chemie) in der klassischen Logik das Grundprinzip wahr/falsch,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • divalent — adjective Date: 1868 having a chemical valence of two; also bonded to two other atoms or groups …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • divalent — divalence, n. /duy vay leuhnt/, adj. Chem. having a valence of two, as the ferrous ion, Fe++. [1865 70; DI 1 + VALENT] * * * …   Universalium

  • divalent — adjective Having a valence of two …   Wiktionary

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