Barlavento Creoles

Barlavento Creoles

Barlavento Creoles is the name given to the group of Cape Verdean Creoles spoken in the Barlavento islands of Cape Verdean Islands.

Some characteristics of Barlavento Creoles:
*The imperfective aspect of the past is formed joining the particle for the past "~va" to the verbal actualizer "tâ": "táva" + V.
Note: In São Nicolau, alongside with "táva + V" also subsists the older form "tá V+ba".
*The personal pronoun for the second person of the plural is "b’sôt’".
*The unstressed vowels /i/ and /u/ frequently disappear. Ex.: "c’mádr’" /kmadɾ/ instead of "cumádri" /kuˈmadɾi/ “midwife”, "v’lúd’" /vlud/ instead of "vilúdu" /viˈludu/ “velvet”, "c’dí" /kdi/ instead of "cudí" /kuˈdi/ “to answer”, "tch’gâ" /ʧɡɐ/ instead of "tchigâ" /ʧiˈɡɐ/ “to arrive”.
*Velarization of the stressed /a/ sound (oral or nasal) to /ɔ/ in words that use to end with the sound /u/. Ex.: "ólt’" /ɔlt/ instead of "áltu" /ˈaltu/ “tall”, "cónd’" /kɔ̃d/ instead of "cándu" /ˈkãdu/ “when”, "macóc’" /mɐˈkɔk/ instead of "macácu" /mɐˈkaku/ “monkey”. Also with pronouns: "b’tó-b’" /ptɔb/ instead of "botá-bu" /boˈtabu/ “throw you”.


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