Cecco d'Ascoli

Cecco d'Ascoli
Cecco d'Ascoli.

Cecco d'Ascoli (1257 – September 26, 1327) is the popular name of Francesco degli Stabili (sometimes given as Francesco degli Stabili Cichus), a famous Italian encyclopaedist, physician and poet. Cecco (in Latin, Cichus) is the diminutive of Francesco.

Life

Born in Ancarano, in the modern Abruzzo region, he devoted himself to the study of mathematics and astrology. In 1322 he was made professor of astrology at the University of Bologna. It is alleged that he entered the service of Pope John XXII at Avignon, and that he cultivated the acquaintance of Dante only to quarrel with the great poet afterwards; but of this there is no evidence.

Having published a commentary on the Sphere of John de Sacrobosco, in which he propounded audacious theories concerning the employment and agency of demons, he got into difficulties with the clerical party, and was condemned in 1324 to certain fasts and prayers, and to the payment of a fine of seventy crowns. To elude this sentence he went to Florence, where he was attached to the household of Carlo di Calabria. His freethinking and plain speaking had made him many enemies; he had attacked the Commedia of Dante, and the Canzone d'amore of Guido Cavalcanti. But according to Ernst Cassirer's The Individual and the Cosmos in Renaissance Philosophy, he died at the stake for his attempt to determine the nativity of Christ by reading his horoscope (page 107). The physician Dino del Garbo was indefatigable in pursuit of him; and the old accusation of impiety being renewed, Cecco was again tried and sentenced for relapse into heresy. He was burned at Florence the day after the sentence, in his seventieth year. He was the first university scholar to be burned by the Inquisition.

Works

Cecco d'Ascoli left many works in manuscript, most of which have never been given to the world. The book by which he achieved his renown and which led to his death was the Acerba (from acervus), an encyclopaedic poem, of which in 1546, the date of the last reprint, more than twenty editions had been issued. It is unfinished, and consists of four books in sesta rima. The first book treats of astronomy and meteorology; the second of stellar influences, of physiognomy, and of the vices and virtues; the third of minerals and of the love of animals; while the fourth propounds and solves a number of moral and physical problems. Of a fifth book, on theology, the initial chapter alone was completed.

A man of immense erudition and of great and varied abilities, Cecco, whose knowledge was based on experiment and observation (a fact that of itself is enough to distinguish him from the crowd of savants of that age) had outstripped his contemporaries in many things. He knew of metallic aerolites and shooting stars; the mystery of the dew was plain to him; fossil plants were accounted for by him through terrain revolutions which had resulted in the formation of mountains; he is even said to have divined the circulation of the blood. He may be described as one of the Cassandras of the Middle Ages: a prophet who spoke of coming light, but was accused of impiety.

The least faulty of the many editions of the Acerba is that of Venice, dated 1510. The earliest known, which has become excessively rare, is that of Brescia, which has no date, but is ascribed to ca. 1473.

The lunar crater Cichus is named after him.

Bibliography

  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainChisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 
  • L'Acerba - Acerba etas - Latin Commentary - Vulgar Commentary - Sonnets, edited by Marco Albertazzi, Trento, La Finestra editrice 2002. CD-Rom inside with Sessa edition, 1501.
  • Marco Albertazzi, ed (2002). Studi stabiliani. Trento: La Finestra editrice. .
  • Thorndike, Lynn (1934). History of Magic and Experimental Science, vol. 2. New York: MacMillan. pp. 953–4, 959. 

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  • Cecco d'Ascoli — Francesco Stabili, dit Cecco d Ascoli (né en 1269 à Ascoli, dans les Marches mort le 10 septembre 1327 à Florence), était un poète et encyclopédiste italien du Moyen Âge. Cecco d Ascoli est l auteur d un poème didactique intitulé Acerba …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Cecco d'Ascoli — Cecco d Ascoli. Cecco d’Ascoli (eigentlich: Francesco Stabili; * 1257 in Ascoli; † 26. September 1327 in Florenz) war ein italienischer Dichter, Arzt, Astronom, Astrologe und Freidenker. Ab 1322 wirkte Cecco als Professor für …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Cecco d'Ascoli — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Cecco d Ascoli Francesco Stabili, mejor conocido como Cecco d Ascoli (Ancarano, 1269 – Florencia, 16 de septiembre de 1327), fue un poeta, médico, maestro, astrólogo/astrónomo y filósofo (en el tiempo que no había… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Cecco d’Ascoli — Cecco d Ascoli. Cecco d’Ascoli (eigentlich: Francesco Stabili; * 1257 in Ascoli; † 26. September 1327 in Florenz) war ein italienischer Dichter, Arzt, Astronom, Astrologe und Freidenker. Ab 1322 wirkte Cecco als Professor für Mathematik und… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • CECCO D’ASCOLI — FRANCESCO STABILI dit (1269 1327) Astrologue, philosophe, compilateur scientifique, esprit universel et brouillon, Cecco d’Ascoli apparaît à bien des égards comme un personnage faustien. Tourmenté par des desseins sublimes, rongé par le… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Cecco d'Ascoli — pseud. di Stabili, Francesco …   Sinonimi e Contrari. Terza edizione

  • Cecco — steht für: De Cecco, italienisches Nahrungsmittelunternehmen Ponte di Cecco, Bogenbrücke in Ascoli Piceno, Italien Cecco ist der Vorname folgender Personen: Cecco Angiolieri (1260–1312), italienischer Dichter Cecco d Ascoli (1257–1327),… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ascoli — steht für: Ascoli Piceno, eine italienische Stadt in den Marken Ascoli Satriano, eine italienische Stadt im Norden Apuliens Ascoli ist der Name folgender Personen: Alberto Ascoli (1877–1957), italienischer Serologe, Hygieniker und physiologischer …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ascoli — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Ascoli referirse a: Geografía Ascoli Piceno, una ciudad y capital de provincia en Las Marcas, en Italia Ascoli Satriano, una villa en la provincia de Foggia, en Italia Cecco d Ascoli (Francesco Stabili), poeta,… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Ascoli Piceno — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Ascoli. Ascoli Piceno Palazzo dei Capitani del Popolo Administration …   Wikipédia en Français

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