- List of famines
This is an incomplete list of major
famine s, ordered by date.A complete list will almost certainly never become available.
5th century BC *
440 BC famine inAncient Rome .2nd century BC * Between 108 BC and 1911 AD there were no fewer than 1828 major famines in
China , or one nearly every year in one or another province; however, the famines varied greatly in severity. [ [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1473-799X%28192705%296%3A3%3C185%3ACLOF%3E2.0.CO%3B2-F&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePag China: Land of Famine] ] [ [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,731493-1,00.html "Heaven, Observe!" - TIME] ]5th century AD* Famine in
Western Europe associated with theFall of Rome and its sack byAlaric I . Between 400 and 800 AD, the population of the city ofRome fell by over 90%, mainly because of famine and plague. [ [http://stutzfamily.com/mrstutz/population/pophistorymodule/history-4.htm A Brief History of Population] ] SeeMedieval demography .7th century AD* 639 AD - Famine in Arabia during the
Caliphate of `Umar ibn Al-Khattab
* 650 Famine throughout India8th century * 750's famine in
Spain [ [http://libro.uca.edu/ics/ics5.htm Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages] ]9th century * 800-1000 AD, severe
drought killed millions of Maya people with famine and thirst and initiated a cascade of internal collapses that destroyed their civilization [ [http://www.amazon.com/dp/0826327745 The Great Maya Droughts: Water, Life, and Death] ]
* 809 famine inFrankish Empire [ [http://www.orlok.com/timenine.html The Ninth Century] ]
* 875-884 peasant rebellion in China inspired by famine;Huang Chao captured capital10th century * 927 famine in
Byzantine Empire [ [http://www.doaks.org/EconHist/EHB46.pdf The Economic History of Byzantinum] ]11th century * 1005 Famine in
England [ [http://www.enotes.com/peoples-chronology/year-1005 1005: The People's Chronology] ] There were 95 famines in the Middle Ages. [ [http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Famines+through+history-a0114325996 Famines through history.] ] [ [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2004/08/08/do0809.xml&sSheet=/opinion/2004/08/08/ixop.html Poor studies will always be with us] ]
* 1016 Famine throughoutEurope [ [http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Famine Famine - LoveToKnow 1911] ]
* 1022,1033 Great famines in India, in which entire provinces were depopulated
* 1064-1072 Seven years' famine inEgypt
* 1051 famine forced theToltecs to migrate from a stricken region in what is now central Mexico [ [http://www.selfempowermentacademy.com.au/pdf/L3_LIVING_on_LIGHT/Glob_Journ/2-m&f.PDF The Facts of Malnutrition and Famine] ]
* 1066 famine in England13th century * 1199-1202 famine in Egypt
* 1230 famine in Novgorod
* 1231-1232 famine inJapan
* 1235 famine in England. 20,000 die inLondon , alone
* 1255 famine inPortugal [ [http://www.portugal-info.net/history/first-dynasty.htm Portugal > History and Events] ]
* 1258 famine inGermany andItaly
* 1275-1299 collapse of Anasazi civilization, widespread famine occurred [ [http://www.learner.org/interactives/collapse/chacocanyon.html Collapse: Chaco Canyon] ]
* 1294 famine in England14th century * 1315-1317 Great Famine in
Europe [ [http://www.vlib.us/medieval/lectures/black_death.html The Great Famine and the Black Death] ]
* 1333 famine in Portugal
* 1333-1334 famine in Spain
* 1333-1337 famine inChina [ [http://www.norfolkesinet.org.uk/pages/viewpage.asp?uniqid=3358 Projects and Events: 14th Century] ]
* 1344-1345 Great famine in India
* 1387 after Timur the Lame leftAsia Minor , severe famine ensued
* 1390 famine in England
* 1396-1407 The Durga Devi famine in India, lasting twelve years [ [http://bidar.nic.in/hist.htm Bidar District Important Historical Events] ]15th century * 1403-1404 famine in Egypt
* 1441 famine inMayapan ,Mexico [ [http://www.thamesandhudsonusa.com/web/humanpast/summaries/ch16.html Welcome to The Human Past] ]
* 1445 famine in Korea
* 1450-1454 famine inAztec Empire
* 1460 – 1461Kanshō famine in Japan16th century * 1504 famine in Spain [ [http://libro.uca.edu/vassberg/land7.htm Land and Society in Golden Age Castile] ]
* 1518 famine inVenice
* 1528 famine inLanguedoc , France [ [http://www.alanmacfarlane.com/savage/A-FAM.PDF The Dimension of Famine] ]
* 1535 famine in Ethiopia
* 1540 famine in Spain
* 1555 famine in England
* 1567-1570 famine inHarar inEthiopia , combined with plague. Emir of Harar, died.
* 1574-1576 famine inIstanbul andAnatolia
* 1586 famine in England which gave rise to thePoor Law system
* 1590s famines in Europe17th century * 1599-1600 famine in Spain
* 1601-1603 one of the worst famines in all of Russian history; famine killed as many as 100,000 in Moscow and up to one-third of Tsar Godunov's subjects; seeRussian famine of 1601 - 1603 . [ [http://www.answers.com/topic/boris-godunov?cat=entertainment Boris Feodorovich Godunov] ] [ [http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h20russ.htm Russia before Peter the Great] ] Same famine killed about halfEstonia n population.
* 1611 famine inAnatolia
* 1618-1648 famines in Europe caused byThirty Years' War
* 1619 famine in Japan. During the Tokugawa period, there were 154 famines, of which 21 were widespread and serious. [ [http://www.shikokuhenrotrail.com/japanhistory/edohistory.html A Chronology of Japanese History] ]
* 1623-1624 famine in England
* 1630-1631 Deccan famine in India kills 2,000,000 (Note: There was a corresponding famine in northwestern China, eventually causing theMing dynasty to collapse in 1644.)
* 1636 famine in Spain
* 1648-1660 Poland lost an estimated 1/3 of its population due to thewars , famine, and plague
* 1649 famine in northern England
* 1650-1652 famine in the east of France
* 1651-1653 famine throughout much ofIreland during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland [ [http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/ashorthistory/archive/intro99.shtml BBC - Northern Ireland - A Short History] ]
* 1661 famine in India, when not a drop of rain fell for two years [ [http://www.ayton.id.au/gary/History/H_C17.htm#Asia: The 17th Century] ]
* 1661-1662 famine inMorocco
* 1661-1662 famine inFrance
* 1669 famine inBengal
* 1680 famine inSardinia [ [http://history.wisc.edu/sommerville/351/italian%20states.htm Italian States in the Seventeenth Century] ]
* 1680 famine in Japan
* 1680s famine inSahel
* 1690s famine inScotland which may have killed 15% of the population
* 1693-1694 famine inFrance which killed 2 million peoplecite journal |last=Appleby |first=Andrew B. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1980 |month= |title=Epidemics and Famine in the Little Ice Age |journal=Journal of Interdisciplinary History |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=643–663 |doi=10.2307/203063 |url= |accessdate= |quote= ] cite journal |last=Ó Gráda |first=Cormac |authorlink= |coauthors=Chevet, Jean-Michel |year=2002 |month= |title=Famine And Market In "Ancient Régime" France |journal=The Journal of Economic History |volume=62 |issue= |pages=706–733 |doi=10.1017/S0022050702001055 |url= |accessdate= |quote= ]
* 1695-1697 Great Famine of Estonia killed about a fifth ofEstonia n population (70 000 – 75 000 people). Famine also hitSweden (80 000 – 100 000 dead)
* 1696-1697 famine inFinland wiped out almost a third of the population [ [http://worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/fitimeln.htm Finland timeline] ]18th century * 1702-1704 famine in
Deccan , India, killed 2 million people
* 1706-1707 famine in France
* 1708-1711 famine inEast Prussia killed 250,000 people or 41% of its population [ [http://www.alanmacfarlane.com/savage/A-FAM.PDF The Dimension of Famine.] ]
* 1709-1710 famine in France [ [http://www2.sunysuffolk.edu/mandias/lia/little_ice_age.html The Little Ice Age in Europe] ]
* 1740-1741 famine in Ireland
* 1722 famine in Arabia [ [http://www.springerlink.com/content/h42p5q207t777913/ Climatic fluctuation and natural disasters in Arabia between mid-17th and early 20th Centuries] ]
* 1727-1728 famine in England [ [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-1953%28198021%2910%3A4%3C643%3AEAFITL%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage Epidemics and Famine in the Little Ice Age] ]
* 1732 famine in Japan
* 1738-1739 famine in France
* 1738-1756 famine inWest Africa , half the population ofTimbuktu died of starvation [ [http://ag.arizona.edu/~lmilich/desclim.html Len Milich: Anthropogenic Desertification vs ‘Natural’ Climate Trends] ]
* 1741 famine inNorway
* 1750 famine in Spain
* 1764 famine inNaples [ [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-27717/Italy#318781.hook Naples and Sicily -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia] ]
* 1769-1773Bengal famine of 1770 [ [http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/EUD_FAT/FAMINE_Lat_fames_hunger_.html FAMINE ()] ]
* 1770-1771 famine in Czech lands killed hundreds of thousands people
* 1771-1772 famine inSaxony and southernGermany
* 1773 famine inSweden
* 1779 famine inRabat ,Morocco [ [http://www.ub.es/geocrit/locust.htm The locust plague] ]
* 1780s Great "Tenmei" Famine inJapan
* 1783 famine inIceland caused byLaki (volcano) eruption killed one-fifth of Iceland's population [ [http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-257941/Haze-Famine Haze Famine (Icelandic history)] ]
* 1783-84 "Chalisa" famine inSouth Asia
* 1784 widespread famine throughout Egypt [ [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/11/061121232204.htm ScienceDaily: Icelandic Volcano Caused Historic Famine In Egypt, Study Shows] ]
* 1784-1785 famine inTunisia killed up to one-fifth of all Tunisians
* 1788 famine inFrance . The two years previous to the French Revolution saw bad harvests and harsh winters, possibly because of a strongEl Niño cyclecite journal |last=Grove |first=Richard H. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1998 |month= |title=Global Impact of the 1789–93 El Niño |journal=Nature |volume=393 |issue=6683 |pages=318–319 |doi=10.1038/30636 |url= |accessdate= |quote= ] or caused by the 1783Laki eruption atIceland .cite book |title=The Year Without a Summer? |chapter=The climatic effects of the 1783 Laki eruption |last=Wood |first=C. A. |authorlink= |editor=Harrington, C. R. (ed.) |year=1992 |publisher=Canadian Museum of Nature |location=Ottawa |isbn= |pages=58–77 ] cite journal |last=Neumann |first=J. |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1977 |month= |title=Great Historical Events that were Significantly Affected by the Weather: 2, The Year Leading to the Revolution of 1789 in France |journal=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=163–168 |doi=10.1175/1520-0477(1977)058<0163:GHETWS>2.0.CO;2 |url= |accessdate= |quote= ]
* 1789 Famine in Ethiopia afflicted "all the provinces"
* 1789-92 "Doji bara" famine orSkull famine inIndia 19th century * 1800-1801 famine in Ireland
* Four famines - in 1810, 1811, 1846, and 1849 - in China claimed nearly 45 million lives. [ [http://www.mitosyfraudes.org/Polit/Famines.html Fearfull Famines of the Past] ]
* 1811-1812 famine devastatedMadrid , taking nearly 20,000 lives
* 1815 eruption Tambora, Indonesia. Tens of thousands died of subsequent famine
* 1816-1817 famine in Europe (Year Without a Summer )
* 1830 famine killed almost half the population ofCape Verde
* 1830sTenpo famine (Japan )
* 1835 famine inEgypt killed 200,000
* 1845-1849Great Irish Famine killed more than 1 million people [ [http://www.ego4u.com/en/read-on/countries/ireland/great-famine The Great Famine in Ireland, 1845-1849] ]
* 1846 famine led to the peasant revolt known as “Maria da Fonte” in the north ofPortugal
* 1846-1857 Highland Potato Famine inScotland
* 1850-1873 as a result ofTaiping Rebellion , drought, and famine, the population of China drop by over 60 million people [ [http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHING/TAIPING.HTM Ch'ing China: The Taiping Rebellion] ]
* 1866Orissa famine of 1866 inIndia ; one million perished
* 1866-1868 Famine in Finland. About 15% of the entire population died
* 1869Rajputana famine of 1869 inIndia ; one million and a half perished
* 1870-1871 famine inPersia is believed to have caused the death of 2 million persons [ [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0041-977X%281986%2949%3A1%3C183%3ATGPFO1%3E2.0.CO%3B2-Q&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage The Great Persian Famine of 1870-1871] ]
* 1873-1874 famine inAnatolia
* 1879 Famine in Ireland
* All mortality avoided inBihar famine of 1873–74 in India.
* 1876-1879 ENSO Famine in India, China,Brazil , Northern Africa (and other countries). Famine in northern China killed 13 million people. 5.25 million died in theGreat Famine of 1876–78 in India.
* 1878-1880 famine inSt. Lawrence Island ,Alaska [ [http://aa.uwpress.org/cgi/content/abstract/43/1/1 The St. Lawrence Island Famine and Epidemic, 1878–80] , Arctic Anthropology]
* 1888 famine in Sudan
* 1888-1892 Ethiopian Great famine. About one-third of the population died. [ [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,966291-3,00.html Famine Hunger stalks Ethiopia once again -- and aid groups fear the worst] ] [ [http://www.ccb.ucar.edu/ijas/ijasno2/georgis.html El Niño and Drought Early Warning in Ethiopia] ] Conditions worsen withcholera outbreaks (1889-92), atyphus epidemic, and a majorsmallpox epidemic (1889-90).
* 1891-1892 famine in Russia caused 375,000 to 500,000 deaths [ [http://www.iupui.edu/~histwhs/h699.dir/HumanitChrono.htm The History of International Humanitarian Assistance] ]
* 1896-1897 ENSO famine in northern China leading in part to theBoxer Rebellion
* 1896-1902 ENSO famine in India [Late Victorian Holocausts ]20th century * 1907 famine in east-central China
* 1914-1918Mount Lebanon famine duringWorld War I which killed about a third of the population
* 1914-1918 famine in Belgium
* 1915-1916Armenian Genocide . Armenian deportees starved to death
* 1916-1917 famine caused by the British blockade ofGermany in WWI; up to 750,000Germans starved to death [ [http://www.uwm.edu/People/mroffers/germanfamine.htm Another Famine] ]
* 1916-1917 winter famine inRussia
* 1917-1919 famine in Persia. As much as 1/4 of the population living in the north of Iran died in the famine [ [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/globalconnections/mideast/timeline/text/qresource.html Global Connections . Timeline] ]
* 1917-1921 a series of famines inTurkestan at the time of the Bolshevik revolution killed about a sixth of the population [ [http://www.les-treilles.com/ssimages/c_2003_06_OGrada.html Famine perspectives from past and present] ]
* 1921 famine in Russia killed 5 million [ [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/forcesofnature/natural-disasters.html World's worst natural disasters since 1900] ]
*1921-1922 Famine in Tatarstan
* 1921-1922 famine inVolga German colonies in Russia. One-third of the entire population perished [ [http://www.volgagermans.net/volgagermans/Volga%20Famine%20Years.htm The German Colonies on the Volga River - Famine Years] ]
* 1928-1929 famine in northern China. Thedrought resulted in 3 million deaths
* 1928-1929 famine in Ruanda-Burundi, causing large migrations to the Congo
* 1932-1933 Soviet famine inUkraine (Holodomor ), some parts ofRussia [ [http://www.lib.ndsu.nodak.edu/grhc/outreach/conventions_speeches/dr_sinner.html The NDSU Libraries: Germans From Russia] ] andNorth Caucasus area. [ [http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-415583/Famine-of-1932 Famine of 1932, or Ukrainian genocide (Soviet history)] ] As many as 10 million people may have died [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6179818.stm Legacy of famine divides Ukraine] ]
* 1932-1933 famine inKazakhstan killed 1.2-1.5 million [ [http://zhe.stanford.edu/spring05/Kazakhstan2.pdf The Kazakh Catastrophe and Stalin’s Order of Priorities, 1929-1933: Evidence from the Soviet Secret Archives] ]
* 1936 famine in China, with an estimated 5 million fatalities [ [http://www.intute.ac.uk/sciences/hazards/timeline.html Natural Disasters and Hazards - Historical Events Timeline] ]
* 1940-1943 famine inWarsaw Ghetto
* 1941-44 Leningrad famine caused by a 900-day blockade by Nazi and Finnish troops. About one million Leningrad residents starved, froze, or were bombed to death in the winter of 1941-42, when supply routes to the city were cut off and temperatures dropped to -40 degrees.
* 1941-1942 famine inGreece caused by Nazi occupation. [ [http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521829328&ss=exc Famine and Death in Occupied Greece, 1941-1944] ] An estimated 300,000 people perished
* 1942-1943 famine killed one million inChina
* 1943 famine in Bengal
* 1943 famine in Ruanda-Urundi, causing migrations to the Congo
* 1944 famine in the Netherlands duringWorld War II , more than 20,000 deaths
* 1945 famine in Vietnam
* 1946-1947 famine inSoviet Union killed 1-1.5 million [ [http://cje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/24/5/603 The 1947 Soviet famine and the entitlement approach to famines] , Cambridge Journal of Economics]
* 1958 Famine in Tigray, Ethiopia, claimed 100,000 lives
* 1959-1961Great Leap Forward /The Great Chinese Famine (China). The official statistic is 20 million deaths, as given byHu Yaobang
* 1965-1967drought inIndia responsible for 1.5 million deaths [ [http://www.cbc.ca/world/story/2008/05/08/f-natural-disasters-history.html The world's worst natural disasters] ]
* 1966 famine inBihar ,India . [ [http://www.liberalsindia.com/freedomfirst/ff452-03.html The Architect of India's Second Liberation] ]
* 1967-1970 Biafran famine caused by Nigerian blockade
* 1968-1972Sahel drought created a famine that killed a million people [ [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,908581,00.html Famine Casts Its Grim Global Shadow] , TIME]
* 1973 famine in Ethiopia; failure of the government to handle this crisis led to fall ofHaile Selassie and toDerg rule
* 1974 famine in Bangladesh
* 1975-1979Khmer Rouge . An estimated 2 millionCambodians lost their lives tomurder ,forced labor and famine
* 1980 famine inKaramoja ,Uganda
* 1984 famine in Ethiopia
* 1991-1993 Somalian famine
* 1996North Korean famine [http://www.pbs.org/newshour/forum/august97/korea_8-26.html] [http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr990802.html]
* 1998 famine in Sudan caused by war anddrought
* 1998-2000 famine inEthiopia . The situation worsened byEritrean-Ethiopian War
* 1998-2004Second Congo War . 3.8 million people died, mostly from starvation and disease
* 2000-2008Zimbabwe 's food crisis caused by Mugabe's land reform policies [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2678557.stm Famine plagues Zimbabwe] ]21st century * 2003- famine in
Sudan /Darfur (Darfur conflict )
*2005 Malawi food crisis
*2005-06 Niger food crisis
*2006 Horn of Africa food crisis
*2008 -Myanmar food crisis. TheCyclone Nargis devastatedBurma 's majorrice -producing region. [ [http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/05/15/asia/food.php Food crisis looms in Myanmar] , International Herald Tribune]
*2008 - North Korean food crisis [ [http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/04/17/korea.food/ North Korea at risk of famine, says U.N.] , CNN.com] [ [http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1737780,00.html The Next Great North Korean Famine] , TIME]
*2008 -Horn of Africa food crisis [ [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/ethiopia/2083074/Ethiopia-facing-new-famine-with-4.5-million-children-in-danger-of-starvation.html Ethiopia facing new famine with 4.5 million children in danger of starvation ] , Telegraph] [ [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/17/world/africa/17somalia.html?_r=1&fta=y&oref=slogin Famine Looms as Wars Rend Horn of Africa] , NYTimes.com]
*2008 -Afghanistan food crisis [ [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24422672/ Food crisis leaves Afghans desperate] , msnbc.com]
*2008 -Bangladesh food crisis [ [http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/20080412/food-crisis-looms-in-bangladesh.htm Food Crisis Looms in Bangladesh] , International Business Times]
*2008 -East Africa food crisis [ [http://www.irinnews.org/InDepthMain.aspx?InDepthId=72&ReportId=77872 In-depth | Food Crisis: Status and Impacts] , IRIN]See also
*
Famine
*Disaster
*Overpopulation
*Starvation
*Medieval demography
*Life expectancy
*World population
*Food security
* List of natural disasters by death toll
*Climate changes of 535-536
*Collapse (book)
*Late Victorian Holocausts (book on the great ENSO famines of 1876-80, 1896-1900)
*Depopulation
*List of disasters
* Agriculture and population limits
*2007–2008 world food price crisis References
External links
*
Livy 4.13
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/aug/29/food.g2 The looming food crisis]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/apr/22/food.foodanddrink Millions face famine as crop disease rages]
* [http://www.energybulletin.net/24319.html Fuelling a Food Crisis: The impact of peak oil on food security]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/aug/31/climatechange.food Global food crisis looms as climate change and population growth strip fertile land]
* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/nov/03/food.climatechange Global food crisis looms as climate change and fuel shortages bite]
* [http://www.financialpost.com/story.html?id=213343 Forget oil, the new global crisis is food]
* [http://www.bookrags.com/history/worldhistory/faminechina-ema-02/ Famine in China]
* [http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/pages/F/A/Famine.htm Famines in Ukraine]
* [http://www.ennonline.net/fex/08/ms20.html One hundred years of famine]
* [http://www.uwm.edu/People/mroffers/germanfamine.htm Another Famine]
* [http://stutzfamily.com/mrstutz/population/pophistorymodule/history-4.htm A Brief History of Population]
* [http://across.co.nz/WorldsWorstDisasters.html Worlds Worst Natural Disasters]
* [http://www.estonica.org/eng/lugu.html?menyy_id=95&kateg=43&alam=61&leht=4 Great Famine (1695 – 1697)]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6179818.stm Legacy of famine divides Ukraine]
* [http://www.alanmacfarlane.com/savage/A-FAM.PDF The dimension of famine]
* [http://century.guardian.co.uk/1899-1909/Story/0,,97583,00.html The famine in China |1899-1909]
* [http://www.scaruffi.com/politics/disaster.html The worst Natural Disasters ever]
* [http://www.earth-policy.org/Books/Out/index.htm Outgrowing the Earth]
* [http://www.earth-policy.org/Updates/2005/Update48.htm Oil and Food: A Rising Security Challenge]
* [http://ag.arizona.edu/~lmilich/desclim.html Drought and Desertification]
* [http://www.greatlakesdirectory.org/zarticles/080902_water_shortages.htm Water Shortages May Lead to Food Shortages]
* [http://www.selfempowermentacademy.com.au/pdf/L3_LIVING_on_LIGHT/Glob_Journ/2-m&f.PDF The facts on malnutrition & famine]
* [http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/images/global.pdf Water and Climate Events of the 20th Century]
* [http://www.geocities.com/dtmcbride/hist/disasters-war.html Death Toll Disasters-War-Accidents]
* [http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/forcesofnature/natural-disasters.html World's worst natural disasters since 1900]
* [http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h20russ.htm Time of Troubles]
* [http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Famine Famine - LoveToKnow 1911]
* [http://www.les-treilles.com/ssimages/c_2003_06_OGrada.html Famine perspectives from past and present]
* [http://abc.net.au/news/stories/2005/05/02/1357451.htm Famine looms in Zimbabwe, aid agency warns]
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