CD23

CD23, also known as Fc epsilon RII, or FcεRII, is the "low affinity" receptor for IgE, an antibody isotype involved in allergy and resistance to parasites and is important in regulation of IgE levels. Unlike many of the antibody receptors, CD23 is a C-type lectin. It is found on mature B cells, activated macrophages, eosinophils, follicular dendritic cells and platelets.

There are two forms of CD23: CD23a and CD23b. CD23a is unconditionally present on B cells, while CD23b requires IL-4 to be expressed on T-cells, monocytes, Langerhans cells, eosinophils and macrophages. [Abbas, A.K. and Andrew Licktman, 2003, "Cellular and Molecular Immunology", pp.324-325. ISBN 0-7216-0008-5.]

The allergen responsible in dust mite allergy, Der-p-1, is known to cleave CD23 from a cells surface. As CD23 is soluble it can move freely and interact with cells in plasma. Recent studies have shown that increased levels of soluble CD23 cause the recruitment of non-sensitised B-cells in the presentation of antigen peptides to allergen specific B-cells, therefore increasing the production of allergen specific IgE. IgE in turn is known to upregulate the cellular expression of CD23 and Fc epsilon RI (high affinity IgE receptor).

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Kijimoto-Ochiai S |title=CD23 (the low-affinity IgE receptor) as a C-type lectin: a multidomain and multifunctional molecule |journal=Cell. Mol. Life Sci. |volume=59 |issue= 4 |pages= 648–64 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12022472 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Schwarzmeier JD, Hubmann R, Düchler M, "et al." |title=Regulation of CD23 expression by Notch2 in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=46 |issue= 2 |pages= 157–65 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15621797 |doi= 10.1080/10428190400010742
*cite journal | author=Maekawa N, Kawabe T, Sugie K, "et al." |title=Induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 on PHA-activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and the association of Fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII/CD23 |journal=Res. Immunol. |volume=143 |issue= 4 |pages= 422–5 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1387715 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Rose K, Turcatti G, Graber P, "et al." |title=Partial characterization of natural and recombinant human soluble CD23 |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=286 ( Pt 3) |issue= |pages= 819–24 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1417742 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Maekawa N, Kawabe T, Sugie K, "et al." |title=Induction of Fc epsilon RII/CD23 on PHA-activated human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and association of fyn tyrosine kinase with Fc epsilon RII/CD23 |journal=International journal of tissue reactions |volume=14 |issue= 3 |pages= 121–30 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1446976 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Sugie K, Kawakami T, Maeda Y, "et al." |title=Fyn tyrosine kinase associated with Fc epsilon RII/CD23: possible multiple roles in lymphocyte activation |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 20 |pages= 9132–5 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1717997 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bettler B, Hofstetter H, Rao M, "et al." |title=Molecular structure and expression of the murine lymphocyte low-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII) |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=86 |issue= 19 |pages= 7566–70 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2529542 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kikutani H, Inui S, Sato R, "et al." |title=Molecular structure of human lymphocyte receptor for immunoglobulin E |journal=Cell |volume=47 |issue= 5 |pages= 657–65 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2877743 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Ikuta K, Takami M, Kim CW, "et al." |title=Human lymphocyte Fc receptor for IgE: sequence homology of its cloned cDNA with animal lectins |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 3 |pages= 819–23 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2949326 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yokota A, Kikutani H, Tanaka T, "et al." |title=Two species of human Fc epsilon receptor II (Fc epsilon RII/CD23): tissue-specific and IL-4-specific regulation of gene expression |journal=Cell |volume=55 |issue= 4 |pages= 611–8 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2972386 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lüdin C, Hofstetter H, Sarfati M, "et al." |title=Cloning and expression of the cDNA coding for a human lymphocyte IgE receptor |journal=EMBO J. |volume=6 |issue= 1 |pages= 109–14 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3034567 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Aubry JP, Pochon S, Gauchat JF, "et al." |title=CD23 interacts with a new functional extracytoplasmic domain involving N-linked oligosaccharides on CD21 |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=152 |issue= 12 |pages= 5806–13 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7515913 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lecoanet-Henchoz S, Gauchat JF, Aubry JP, "et al." |title=CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b-CD18 and CD11c-CD18 |journal=Immunity |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= 119–25 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7621072 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Padlan EA, Helm BA |title=Modeling of the lectin-homology domains of the human and murine low-affinity Fc epsilon receptor (Fc epsilon RII/CD23) |journal=Receptor |volume=3 |issue= 4 |pages= 325–41 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8142907 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Trask B, Fertitta A, Christensen M, "et al." |title=Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19: cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers |journal=Genomics |volume=15 |issue= 1 |pages= 133–45 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8432525 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Chirmule N, Kalyanaraman VS, Lederman S, "et al." |title=HIV-gp 160-induced T cell-dependent B cell differentiation. Role of T cell-B cell activation molecule and IL-6 |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=150 |issue= 6 |pages= 2478–86 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8450224 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Förster HH, Wäsch R, Kretschmar T, "et al." |title=Genetic markers on chromosome 19p and prenatal diagnosis of HLA class II-deficient combined immunodeficiency |journal=Pediatr. Res. |volume=38 |issue= 5 |pages= 812–6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8552454 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bajorath J, Aruffo A |title=Structure-based modeling of the ligand binding domain of the human cell surface receptor CD23 and comparison of two independently derived molecular models |journal=Protein Sci. |volume=5 |issue= 2 |pages= 240–7 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8745401 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Frémeaux-Bacchi V, Bernard I, Maillet F, "et al." |title=Human lymphocytes shed a soluble form of CD21 (the C3dg/Epstein-Barr virus receptor, CR2) that binds iC3b and CD23 |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=26 |issue= 7 |pages= 1497–503 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8766552 |doi=

ee also

*Cluster of differentiation, a list of all the CD-numbered proteins

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