USS Bang (SS-385)

USS "Bang" (SS-385) was a United States Navy sclass|Balao|submarine, named after the bang, a dark blue or black fish of the herring family found in the Atlantic coastal waters of the United States north of North Carolina.

"Bang" was laid down on 30 April 1943 at Kittery, Maine, by the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard; launched on 30 August 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Robert W. Neblett; and commissioned on 4 December 1943, Lieutenant Commander Antone R. Gallaher in command.

World War II

Following four weeks of shakedown training off New England, the submarine departed New London, Conn. on 8 February 1944 and headed for the Pacific. After transiting the Panama Canal, she proceeded to Pearl Harbor for intensified training in torpedo approaches, evasive maneuvers, and simulated warfare. As March came to an end, "Bang" was fully provisioned and ready for battle.

First patrol, March – May 1944

On the 29th of that month, she departed Pearl Harbor in company with USS|Parche|SS-384|2 (SS-384) and USS|Tinosa|SS-283|2 (SS-283) for her first war patrol. After a one day fueling stop at Midway, the trio continued to their patrol area in Luzon Strait and waters southwest of Formosa.

The three submarines exchanged contact information and coordinated attack plans throughout the patrol. On 29 April, "Bang" sighted a 12-ship, southbound convoy. After maneuvering into a favorable position, she fired her torpedoes into the convoy, sinking the 1,930-ton freighter, "Takegawa Maru". The submarine continued to hound the convoy during the night and, the following morning, sank the 2,859-ton cargo ship, "Nittatsu Maru". The enemy rained down depth charges on "Bang", but training in evasive maneuvers and a bit of good luck enabled her to escape damage.

Tinosa sighted a northbound Japanese convoy on 3 May, and "Bang" moved in to pursue its 10 ships. Her first attempt to attack during daylight was foiled by enemy plane and surface escorts which forced her to dive. After dark, she and her colleagues coordinated a surface attack in which "Bang" sank a large cargo ship, the 5,947-ton "Kinrei Maru", and claimed the destruction of a destroyer, which was not confirmed by postwar study of Japanese records. Since all of her torpedoes had been expended, "Bang" departed the area on 6 May and arrived at Midway on the 14th for refit alongside the submarine tender USS|Proteus|AS-19|2 (AS-19).

Second patrol, June – July 1944

On 6 June, "Bang" put to sea on her second war patrol, the timing of which coincided with the preliminaries to the Marianas invasion. Consequently, she was assigned to waters to the west of that island group so that she would be in position to intercept any Japanese warships or transports steaming eastward to parry the American offensive thrust. While en route to her station, the submarine encountered a lone northbound tanker on 14 June. Although hampered by heavy rain squalls and turbulent seas, "Bang" launched a spread of three torpedoes, one of which hit and damaged the target, but did not sink her. The submarine could not finish off this enemy ship because her orders required her to take station as soon as possible.

Marines landed on Saipan on the 15th, and that event goaded the Japanese Mobile Fleet to make a desperate attempt to turn back this Allied threat to the Emperor's inner defense line, in which the Marianas acted as a major link, if not the keystone. "Bang" reached her station that same day but spent an uneventful week while Admiral Raymond Spruance's 5th Fleet was trouncing the Japanese task force in the Battle of the Philippine Sea, virtually wiping out the enemy's naval air capability for the remainder of the war.

On 22 June, the day after that epic engagement ended, she rendezvoused with USS|Growler|SS-215|2 (SS-215) and USS|Seahorse|SS-304|2 (SS-304) off Formosa to form a coordinated attack group. "Growler" was detached just one day before the unit's run in with a southbound convoy of more than 15 ships. "Bang" made a submerged attack and fired 10 torpedoes at three overlapping targets, all of which the submarine claims to have sunk, although the postwar records do not confirm the claim. The enemy escorts turned and pursued "Bang", dropping 125 depth charges over her as she went deep to avoid destruction. When "Bang" finally surfaced, the convoy was disappearing over the horizon.

On 4 July, "Bang" sighted a small Hong Kong-bound convoy consisting of one cargo ship and four destroyer escorts. She approached the convoy on the surface, but before she could maneuver into a good attack position, an alert escort began to search for the attacker. "Bang" fired three torpedoes without making adequate attack solutions, and all three missed their targets. The submarine was forced to dive and maneuver to avoid the depth charges dropped by the escort and was unable to mount another attack.

Third patrol, August – September 1944

On 17 July, the ship headed back to Pearl Harbor for refit, which continued into the last week of August. She left Pearl Harbor again on the 27th, refueled at Midway on 31 August, and continued to waters northeast of Formosa off the Nansei Shoto. While passing northwest of the Bonin Islands to take up her station, "Bang" encountered an enemy convoy on 9 September. Diving to make a periscope attack, she fired a salvo at two loaded freighters, both of which—the 1,804-ton "Tokiwasan Maru" and the 1,916-ton "Shoryu Maru"—disintegrated due to internal explosions triggered by the hits. The escorts evidently sighted "Bang"'s periscope and torpedo wakes, because as she dove deep, the depth charges accurately drove her down beyond her test depth to 580 feet (177 m) where depth control almost disappeared. A pattern of 16 charges exploded directly over the boat, but "Bang" waited out her enemies. The escorts departed apparently satified that they had scored a kill, but "Bang" suffered only minor damage which her crew easily repaired. Three days later, she arrived on station.

Early on 19 September, "Bang" made radar contact on another enemy convoy, submerged, and fired on two of the ships. The 507-ton tanker "Tosei Maru No. 2" sank, while the other ship suffered substantial damage. Working as a team, three enemy escorts systematically depth bombed the submarine, but she again successfully out maneuvered her pursuers and surfaced after dark.

While submerged on the afternoon of 20 September, she encountered an eastbound convoy and shadowed it until darkness fell to cover her attack. She surfaced, fired her remaining 10 torpedoes, and claimed to have sunk a large tanker and a medium freighter as well as damaging another ship. The next day, she headed for Midway and refit.

Fourth, fifth, and sixth patrols, October 1944 – May 1945

Repaired, refueled, and replenished, "Bang" got underway again on 25 October and, with USS|Shad|SS-235|2 (SS-235) and USS|Redfish|SS-395|2 (SS-395), returned to the same area. Typhoon weather precluded effective operations during the early part of the fourth war patrol. Finally, on 22 November, improved weather enabled "Bang" to attack a convoy initially reported by "Redfish". Between midnight and 03:00 on the 23d, all three submarines conducted coordinated attacks on the convoy. "Bang" fired all 24 of her torpedoes in a series of seven surface attacks, sinking two cargo ships the 2,878-ton "Sakae Maru" and the 2,340-ton "Amakusa Maru". She reported also destroying a minelayer escort and another freighter, but Japanese records did not corroborate these kills. Between the three submarines, the convoy was totally destroyed.

Later that day, "Bang" headed for Hawaii and arrived at Pearl Harbor on 5 December for refit. Following a restful holiday period, the submarine departed Oahu on 2 January 1945 and set a course for Saipan. There, on 15 January, she joined with USS|Spadefish|SS-411|2 (SS-411), USS|Atule|SS-403|2 (SS-403), and USS|Pompon|SS-267|2 (SS-267) and sailed for a patrol area in the East China and Yellow Seas. Bad weather and a scarcity of targets denied "Bang" opportunities to attack any enemy shipping before she departed the area on 19 February, without any kills. She arrived at Guam on the 24th for refit alongside "Proteus".

"Bang"'s sixth and last patrol began on 25 March when she got underway for Luzon Strait. After 10 days of patrol, she was ordered to take lifeguard station northeast of Formosa during strikes on northern Formosa and the southern Ryūkyūs in support of the Allied struggle for Okinawa. On 21 April, "Bang" rescued a Navy pilot who had ditched his plane after it had been damaged by flak during a strafing run.

On 3 May, the submarine received orders to return to Hawaii. She refueled at Saipan and continued on to Pearl Harbor where she arrived on 18 May. After 10 days of recreation and inspection of the boat, additional orders sent her back to the United States for overhaul at the Portsmouth Navy Yard. She stopped at Hunters Point, California, then continued on through the Panama Canal and up the Atlantic coast to Portsmouth where she arrived on 22 June. The submarine was still undergoing overhaul when hostilities ended. Following completion of the overhaul, "Bang" operated out of New London in the early postwar period. She was placed out of commission on 12 February 1947 and entered the Atlantic Reserve Fleet.

1951 – 1972

On 1 February 1951, "Bang" was recommissioned at the U.S. Naval Submarine Base, New London, Lieutenant Commander Eugene A. Hemley in command, but spent only 15 months on active duty with the Atlantic Fleet before being decommissioned again on 15 May 1952 for conversion and modernization. Following work at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, "Bang" was recommissioned as a GUPPY IIA submarine, the first of her type to serve the U.S. Navy, on 4 October 1952, Lt.Cmdr. Perry Hall in command. Although her outward appearance remained the same, "Bang"'s internal arrangements were improved and incorporated impressive advances in ordnance and electronic gear. Her hull was streamlined and additional power added to the engineering plant to provide increased submerged speed.

After operating with the fleet in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea for two years, "Bang" entered the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for a routine overhaul in August 1954. Upon completion of the overhaul in December, she rejoined the fleet with still more modern equipment. The submarine carried out normal operations along the eastern seaboard primarily engaged in training missions with other submarines and with surface antisubmarine units. She left her home port of New London in July 1957 to begin another overhaul in Portsmouth. When she came out in January 1958, she resumed peacetime operations, including a midshipmen training cruise during the summer of 1958 to Spain and Denmark, a four-month deployment to the Mediterranean and northern Europe in 1962, and participation in Operation "Springboard" in the Caribbean in 1966. Between these cruises and major yard work in 1961, 1962, 1966, 1967, and 1970, "Bang" provided training services to Basic Submarine School in New London as well as to units of the Atlantic Fleet.

SPS "Cosme Garcia" (S34)

Early in 1972, "Bang" was designated for transfer to the Spanish Navy on a five-year loan. Following upkeep to lengthen her safe submerged operations limit, "Bang" returned to New London to train Spanish sailors in preparation for the transfer. On 1 October 1972, "Bang" was decommissioned and transferred to the Spanish government. She was recommissioned as SPS "Cosme Garcia" (S34). On 1 November 1974, her name was struck from the Navy List and the transfer to Spain was made permanent by sale.

Awards

"Bang" received six battle stars for her World War II service. She is officially credited with sinking eight Japanese merchant ships totaling 20,177 tons.

References

*DANFS|http://history.navy.mil/danfs/b2/bang-i.htm|http://www.hazegray.org/danfs/submar/ss385.htm

External links

*navsource|08/08385|Bang
* [http://www.rddesigns.com/ww2/bang.html Sinkings by boat: USS "Bang"]
* [http://www.ussbang.com/Default.htm USS "Bang" veterans' website]