Chimaphila umbellata

Chimaphila umbellata
Chimaphila umbellata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Chimaphila
Species: C. umbellata
Binomial name
Chimaphila umbellata
(L.) Barton

Chimaphila umbellata (Umbellate Wintergreen, Pipsissewa, or Prince's pine) is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere.

It grows 10-35 cm tall, and has evergreen shiny, bright green, toothed leaves arranged in opposite pairs or whorls of 3-4 along the stem. Leaves have a shallowly toothed margin, where the teeth have fine hairs at their ends. The flowers are white or pink, produced in a small umbel of 4-8 together.

Contents

Ecology

Although it has green leaves year-round, it receives a significant portion of its nutrition from fungi in the soil (that is, it is a partial myco-heterotroph, which is not surprising as related plants, such as Pyrola, are partial or full myco-heterotrophs).[1]

Taxonomy

Fruit of C. umbellata subsp. occidentalis

There are four subspecies:

  • Chimaphila umbellata subsp. umbellata – Europe, Asia
  • Chimaphila umbellata subsp. acuta – southwestern North America
  • Chimaphila umbellata subsp. cisatlantica – northeastern North America
  • Chimaphila umbellata subsp. occidentalis – northwestern North America

Uses

Some Plateau Indian tribes used a boil of prince's pine to treat tuberculosis.[2]

It is used as a flavoring in candy and soft drinks, particularly root beer.

"Pipsissewa" is a Cree name meaning "It-breaks-into-small-pieces".

References

  1. ^ Leho Tedersoo, Prune Pellet, Urmas Kõljalg and Marc-André Selosse (March, 2007). "Parallel evolutionary paths to mycoheterotrophy in understorey Ericaceae and Orchidaceae: ecological evidence for mixotrophy in Pyroleae". Oecologia 151 (2): 206–217. doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0581-2. PMID 17089139. 
  2. ^ Hunn, Eugene S. (1990). Nch'i-Wana, "The Big River": Mid-Columbia Indians and Their Land. University of Washington Press. p. 352. ISBN 0-295-97119-3. 

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Chimaphila umbellata —   Chimaphila umbellata …   Wikipedia Español

  • Chimaphila umbellata — Dolden Winterlieb, Doldiges W. Doldiges Winterlieb (Chimaphila umbellata) Systematik Unterklasse: Asternähnliche (Asteridae) …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Chimaphila umbellata — Pipsissewa Pip*sis se*wa, n. [From American Indian.] (Bot.) A low evergreen plant ({Chimaphila umbellata}), with narrow, wedge lanceolate leaves, and an umbel of pretty nodding fragrant blossoms. It has been used in nephritic diseases. Called… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Chimaphila umbellata subsp. cisatlantica — skėtinė marenikė statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Erikinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, prieskoninis, vaistinis augalas (Chimaphila umbellata), paplitęs Europoje, Azijoje ir Šiaurės Amerikoje. Iš jo gaminami maisto priedai (kvėpikliai). atitikmenys …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Chimaphila umbellata var. cisatlantica — skėtinė marenikė statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Erikinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, prieskoninis, vaistinis augalas (Chimaphila umbellata), paplitęs Europoje, Azijoje ir Šiaurės Amerikoje. Iš jo gaminami maisto priedai (kvėpikliai). atitikmenys …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Chimaphila umbellata subsp. cisatlantica — skėtinės marenikės atlantinis porūšis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Erikinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, prieskoninis, vaistinis augalas (Chimaphila umbellata subsp. cisatlantica), paplitęs Šiaurės Amerikoje. atitikmenys: lot. Chimaphila… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Chimaphila umbellata — ID 18363 Symbol Key CHUM Common Name pipsissewa Family Pyrolaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AK, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, ID, IL, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MT, NC, NH,… …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chimaphila umbellata — noun Eurasian herb with white or pinkish flowers in a terminal corymb • Syn: ↑love in winter, ↑western prince s pine, ↑Chimaphila corymbosa • Hypernyms: ↑pipsissewa, ↑prince s pine …   Useful english dictionary

  • Chimaphila umbellata ssp. acuta — ID 18364 Symbol Key CHUMA Common Name pipsissewa Family Pyrolaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AZ, CO, NM Growth Habit Subshrub Duration …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chimaphila umbellata ssp. cisatlantica — ID 18366 Symbol Key CHUMC2 Common Name pipsissewa Family Pyrolaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, SD …   USDA Plant Characteristics

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