Orlando Morgan

Robert Orlando Morgan (1865 – 16 May 1956) was an English music teacher, composer and musicologist. He is best remembered as an influential teacher at the Guildhall School of Music in London, where he taught for 64 years, from 1887 to 1951, as Professor of Pianoforte and Composition. His pupils included the composer Benjamin Frankel and the pianist Dame Myra Hess.

In 1910 Morgan composed many songs and classical pieces, as well as the music for the last Savoy opera, Two Merry Monarchs. It had poor notices and a brief run. Morgan wrote no more operas, but continued to compose prolifically throughout his life.

Biography

Early years

Morgan was born in Manchester, the son of Peter and Elizabeth Morgan.^[1] In 1880, at the age of 15, he entered the Guildhall School of Music.^[2] As a student at the Guildhall, he won the Merchant Taylors' scholarship and the Webster prize, becoming a teacher and examiner at the school by the age of 22.^[3] In February 1893, he won the Yate prize for composition.^[4] In 1894, at the Grand Concours Internationale de Composition Musicale at Brussels, Morgan received the first prize and gold medal.^[1]

Teacher and musicologist

As a teacher, Morgan's tenure at the Guildhall was exceptionally long. When he retired as Professor of Pianoforte and Composition in 1951 at the age of 85, he had completed 64 years of service.^[3] Among his pupils were the composer Benjamin Frankel^[5] and the pianist Dame Myra Hess.^[6]

A diversion in his normal teaching curriculum was what Fred Astaire called "an attempt" to teach harmony and composition to Astaire and Noël Coward in 1923.^[7] Morgan played over a piece that Coward had written and objected to his harmonisation. Coward later recalled, "I was told by my instructor that I could not use consecutive fifths. He went on to explain that a gentleman called Ebenezer Prout had announced many years ago that consecutive fifths were wrong and must in no circumstances be employed.… I argued back that Debussy and Ravel had used consecutive fifths like mad.… I left his presence forever with the parting shot that what was good enough for Debussy and Ravel was good enough for me."^[8]

As a musicologist, Morgan was known for his practical approach. The Times said of his editions of the classics, "They are meant for performance rather than for the study. The performer is not bothered by extensive footnotes and alternative readings, but has a clear and on the whole reliable text from which to work."^[3] Morgan's editions include Bach's Forty-Eight Preludes and Fugues and French Suites; Beethoven's Sonatas; and Schumann's's Novelletten, Kinderszenen and Album für die Jugend.^[1] In the 1970s, his edition of the Forty-Eight was regarded as "still the best of all student editions".^[9]

Composer

Daisy le Hay and Roland Cunningham in Two Merry Monarchs

Morgan was a prolific composer. Among his works were three cantatas, The Crown of Thorns, Zitella and The Legend of Eloisa; two song-cycles for four voices, In Fairy Land and Love Rhapsodies; more than 200 songs and pianoforte pieces; and a comic opera, Two Merry Monarchs. Dedicatees of his works included a wide range of performers including Wilhelm Backhaus, Clara Butt, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Landon Ronald and Myra Hess.^[2] The Times wrote of him, "though he manifested sensitiveness and good workmanship, he failed to awaken any lasting impression in original composition."^[3] Many of his songs were ballads, perhaps the best-knows of which is "Clorinda", with a lyric by John Bledlowe. It is his only recorded composition.^[10] Others were "Fair Rosalind", "At Christmastide", "Before the Dawn", "My Gentle White Dove", "Where the Lotus Blooms" and "When Snowflakes Dance". Charles Woodhouse arranged Morgan's Bourree and Musette for student orchestra.^[11]

Morgan's Two Merry Monarchs was the last Savoy opera, produced in 1910 by C. H. Workman. Morgan's contribution to the piece received generally negative reactions in the press. The Times pronounced the music "not very distinguished".^[12] The Sunday Times even hinted at plagiarism: "The music was tuneful in parts, sometimes strangely familiar."^[13] The Daily Telegraph was mostly critical, writing "the composer falls below the level of accomplishment one might have reasonably expected. There are numbers in the piece, however, which seem to point to his possession of a gift for facile melody. ... The scoring throughout is decidedly thin even for musical comedy."^[14] The Evening Standard and St. James, however, had some praise for the music, saying: "It is not extraordinary, but neither is it commonplace except occasionally. He does not write particularly well for the voice, but he has, generally, originality and is always melodious. Some of his songs, not the purely sentimental ones, are fresh, 'catchy', well-written and full of tune."^[15]

Two Merry Monarchs had one of the shortest runs of any Savoy opera, a total of 43 performances, from 10 March to 23 April 1910.^[16] After the end of the Savoy run, the piece transferred to the Strand Theatre under another management.^[17] It ran there for a week, but any prospect of a longer run vanished with the death of King Edward VII on 6 May. London theatres closed, as a mark of respect, and the show toured over the summer. When the Strand reopened in September, Two Merry Monarchs was gone from the bill.^[18]

Family and death

Morgan married the singer Annie Elizabeth Morley. The couple had two sons, Raymond and Cyril Douglas. Cyril became a City Freeman in 1920 and Principal Clerk of the Chamberlain's Office of the Corporation of London in 1946. Morley died in 1952, and Morgan died in London, aged 91. He was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium.^[2]

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c} "Morgan, R(obert) Orlando", Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2008; online edition, Oxford University Press, December 2007, accessed 4 January 2010
2. ^ ^{a b c} Corporation of London Records Office archive, The National Archives, Reference CLA/057, accessed 4 January 2010
3. ^ ^{a b c d} The Times, obituary, 18 May 1956, p. 13
4. ^ Farrell, Scott. The C. H. Workman Productions: A Centenary Review of the Final Savoy Operas. 2009.
5. ^ Kennaway, E. D. "Frankel, Benjamin (1906–1973)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, online edition, accessed 4 January 2010
6. ^ Ferguson, Howard. "Hess, Dame (Julia) Myra, (1890–1965)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online edition, accessed 4 January 2010
7. ^ Astaire, p. 119
8. ^ Coward, pp. 12–13
9. ^ Heppner, Sam. "Basic piece of furniture", The Guardian, 25 March 1977, p. 16
10. ^ Morgan, Orlando "Clorinda", included in The Stanford Archive Series: Richard Crooks, 1997, issued on CD by Delos Records ASIN: B00000072Q
11. ^ Scowcroft, Philip L. "A 123rd Garland of British Light Music Composers", Classical MusicWeb, accessed 7 January 2009
12. ^ The Times, 11 March 1910, p. 10
13. ^ The Sunday Times, 13 March 1910.
14. ^ The Daily Telegraph, 11 March 1910.
15. ^ Evening Standard & St. James's, 11 March 1910
16. ^ The Times, 10 March 1910, p. 10; and 23 April 1910, p. 14.
17. ^ The Times, 2 May 1910, p. 8
18. ^ The Times, 11 July 1910, p. 12

References

• Astaire, Fred. Steps in Time, Da Capo Press, New York, 1981. ISBN 0-306-80141-8
• Coward, Noël. The Noël Coward Song Book, Michael Joseph, London, 1953

Persondata
Name	Morgan, Orlando
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1865
Place of birth
Date of death	16 May 1956
Place of death