October: Ten Days That Shook the World

October: Ten Days That Shook the World
Film poster
Directed by	Grigori Aleksandrov Sergei Eisenstein
Written by	Grigori Aleksandrov Sergei Eisenstein John Silas Reed (book)
Starring	Vladimir Popov Vasili Nikandrov Layaschenko
Music by	Dimitri Shostakovich
Cinematography	Vladimir Nilsen Vladimir Popov Eduard Tisse
Release date(s)	20 January 1928 2 November 1928 (NYC only)
Running time	104min (Sweden) 95 min (USA)
Country	Soviet Union
Language	Silent film Russian (original intertitles)

October: Ten Days That Shook the World (Russian: Октябрь (Десять дней, которые потрясли мир); translit. Oktyabr': Desyat' dney kotorye potryasli mir) is a Soviet silent film premiered in 1928 by Sergei Eisenstein, sometimes referred to simply as October in English. It is a celebratory dramatization of the 1917 October Revolution. The title is taken from John Reed's book on the Revolution, Ten Days That Shook The World.

Cast

• Vladimir Popov — Aleksandr Kerensky
• Vasili Nikandrov — Vladimir I. Lenin
• Layaschenko — Konovalov
• Chibisov — Skobolev
• Boris Livanov — Terestsenko
• Mikholyev — Kishkin
• N. Podvoisky — Bolshevik
• Smelsky — Verderevsky
• Eduard Tisse — German Soldier
• Yuri Sazonov - Munist

Production

October was one of two films commissioned by the Soviet government to honour the tenth anniversary of the October Revolution (the other was Vsevolod Pudovkin's The End of St. Petersburg). Eisenstein was chosen to head the project due to the international success he had achieved with The Battleship Potemkin in 1925 . Nikolai Podvoisky, one of the troika who led the storming of the Winter Palace was responsible for the commission. The scene of the storming was based more on the 1920 re-enactment involving Lenin and thousands of Red Guards, witnessed by 100,000 spectators, than the original occasion, which was far less photogenic.

Style

Eisenstein used the film to further develop his theories of film structure, using a concept he described as "intellectual montage", the editing together of shots of apparently unconnected objects in order to create and encourage intellectual comparisons between them. One of the film's most celebrated examples of this technique is a baroque image of Jesus that is compared, through a series of shots, to Hindu deities, the Buddha, Aztec gods, and finally a primitive idol in order to suggest the sameness of all religions; the idol is then compared with military regalia to suggest the linking of patriotism and religious fervour by the state. In another sequence Alexander Kerensky, head of the pre-Bolshevik revolutionary Provisional Government, is compared to a preening mechanical peacock.

Soundtrack

In 1966, Dimitri Shostakovich wrote a new soundtrack for the film, which later appeared as a tone poem 'October' Op.131 where Shostakovich's famous 'Partisan' theme makes an appearance.^[1] This soundtrack is the one used on most DVD releases of the film.

Responses

Lenin as represented in the film

The film was not as successful or influential as Potemkin. Eisenstein's montage experiments met with official disapproval; the authorities complained that October was unintelligible to the masses, and Eisenstein was attacked—for neither the first time nor the last—for excessive "formalism". He was also required to re-edit the work to expurgate references to Trotsky, who had recently been purged by Stalin.

In spite of the film's lack of popular acceptance, film historians consider it to be an immensely rich experience—a sweeping historical epic of vast scale, and a powerful testament to Eisenstein's creativity and artistry.^{[citation needed]}

See also

• List of films in the public domain

References

1. ^ Bolshevik Festivals, 1917–1920 by accessed 7 December 2008

External links

• October: Ten Days That Shook the World at the Internet Movie Database
• October: Ten Days That Shook the World is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]
• October: Ten Days That Shook the World at AllRovi