Upper Trajan's Wall

Roman Walls in Romania ("Greuthungi's Wall" is in dark green)

Trajan's Moldova (in light brown) possibly protected in the north by the Upper Trajan's Wall

The Upper Trajan's Wall is the modern name given to a fortification located in the central area of modern Moldavia. Some scholars consider it to be of Roman origin, while others think it was built in the third/fourth century by the Germanic Greuthungi to defend their borders against the Huns.^[1] It may also have been called Greuthungian Wall in later Roman accounts, but this is uncertain owing to a single polysemic manuscript occurrence in the works of Ammianus Marcellinus.^[2]

Characteristics

The wall stretches 120 kilometres from the Dniester River in the Teleneşti district to the Prut River. In Romania the remains of the wall can be found in Tiganasi, Carniceni, Sendreni, Tocsomeni.^[3]

It crosses Moldova from the Prut River until Nistru River, from the Leova town until the Teghina town, besides the villages Trojan Ialpugeni, Caracui, Sărăţica Nouă (Leova), Pervomaisk, Gradiste, Coştangalia, Satu Nou (Cimislia), Ciufleşti, Baimaclia, Salcuta, Marianovca-de-sus, Zaim, Causeni, Chircăieşti (Causeni), Chitcani, Copanca. According to I. Hîncu, it has a length of 120 km, its original height ranged between 3-4 m, width - 10-15m, being seconded by a trench duged to the north, deep: 2-3 meters. Currently it’s height is of 0.5 m.^[4]

Some scholars, such Vasile Nedelciuc,^[5] argue that the turf Wall was done initially by the Romans, even because it has a ditch facing north. Probably Emperor Trajan made the first earth movements of the turf Wall around 110 AD, in order to protect the coastal area from the Danube delta until Tyras.

Others, such as the historian Peter Heather, affirm it was build by the local Germanic tribes, mainly as a defense against raiders from Central Asia (Attila's Huns).^[1] Historian Thomas S. Burns is more reluctant, and wishes for better dating data.^[6] The identification of the geographical feature in Moldavia with the passage in Ammianus Marcellinus has been proposed by the Romanian historian Radu Vulpe in 1957.^[1][7] Historian Herwig Wolfram questions the emendation given to the passage in Ammianus Marcellinus necessary to read it as being about a wall.^[2]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Peter Heather, The Goths, Blackwell Publishing, 1998, p. 100
2. ^ ^{a b} Herwig Wolfram; Thomas J. Dunlap (1990). History of the Goths. University of California Press. p. 407. ISBN 978-0-520-06983-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=xsQxcJvaLjAC&pg=PA407. 
3. ^ cimec
4. ^ Map and information
5. ^ Nedelciuc: Roman walls from the Pruth to Bender/Tighina
6. ^ Thomas S. Burns (1991). A history of the Ostrogoths. Indiana University Press. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-253-20600-8. 
7. ^ OCLC 15719333

Further reading

• Emanuel Constantin Antoche, Marcel Tanasache, (1990) "Le Vallum (Troian) de la Moldavie centrale" in Etudes Roumaines et Aroumaines. Sociétés européennes, no. 8, Paris ; Bucharest : [s.n], pp. 130-133, OCLC 502610917; Sudoc 087572664

See also

• Lower Trajan's Wall in Moldova
• History of Moldova

External Links

• Roman castra and walls from Romania/Moldovia - Google Maps / Earth
• Video of Roman Walls in Moldova (in Moldovan)