- Nam Ông mộng lục
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Nam Ông mộng lục Original title 南翁夢錄 Country Đại Việt
ChinaLanguage Classical Chinese Subject(s) History of Vietnam, Culture of Vietnam Genre(s) Memoirs, novel Publisher Ming Dynasty Publication date 1442 Nam Ông mộng lục (Hán tự: 南翁夢錄, literally Imaginary Memoir of Nam Ông) is a memoir written in Classical Chinese by the Vietnamese scholar Hồ Nguyên Trừng, art-name Nam Ông, during his exile in China in early 15th century.
History
Hồ Nguyên Trừng (or Lê Trừng) was the eldest son of Hồ Quý Ly who was the founder of the Hồ Dynasty, and a renowned military inventor of Đại Việt for his innovation in making cannons and battleships. After the defeat of the Hồ Dynasty by the army of the Ming Dynasty, Hồ Nguyên Trừng was captured in Hà Tĩnh in 1407 and transferred to China, there he was pardonned and granted a position of supervisor in the military industry of the Ming Dynasty. Afterwards he was gradually promoted to Deputy Minister of Industry in the imperial court of the Ming Dynasty.[1]
At the end of his life, Hồ Nguyên Trừng decided to write a memoir to express his nostalgia about his fatherland Đại Việt,[1] the title of the book is Nam Ông mộng lục which literally means the Imaginary Memoir of Nam Ông with Nam Ông (The Old Man from the South) is the art-name of Hồ Nguyên Trừng. The memoir was published in China for the first time in 1442 during the reign of the Ming Dynasty.[1] Later Nam Ông mộng lục was brought back to Vietnam by the Vietnamese ambassador Lê Quý Đôn[2] and had a considerable significance to the historiography and literature of Vietnam.[3] In the foreword of the book, Hồ Nguyên Trừng wrote that he wanted to recite the stories that he had known in order to praise exemplary figures in history and provide those stories for readers.[4] Nam Ông mộng lục is considered the first memoir and one of the earliest novels written in Classical Chinese in the history of Vietnamese literature.[4][5] However, Hồ Nguyên Trừng was not aware of the fact that his work belong to a new fictitious genre of literature instead of simply an historical text.[4]
Contents
Nam Ông mộng lục is arranged in 31 chapters (thiên mục), each chapter is a story about a Vietnamese legend or a historical figure of the Lý or Trần Dynasty that Hồ Nguyên Trừng considered typical of Vietnam, today only 28 chapters remain while 3 chapters were lost.[5][6] The subjects of the memoir come from relatives of the author, emperors and princes of the Trần Dynasty to famous scholars, priests and physicians.[5] Following is the table of contents of Nam Ông mộng lục:
Chapter Title Content 01 "Nghệ vương thủy mạt"
(藝王始末)Story of Trần Nghệ Tông (Nghệ vương) 02 "Trúc Lâm kỳ tịch"
(竹林示寂)Story of Trần Nhân Tông (Master of Trúc Lâm) 03 "Tổ linh định mệnh"
(祖靈定命)Story of Trần Minh Tông 04 "Đức tất hữu vị"
(德必有位)Story of Trần Minh Tông's dignity 05 "Phụ đức trinh minh"
(婦德貞明)Story of Lady Lê, a concubine of Trần Duệ Tông 06 "Văn tang khí tuyệt"
(聞喪氣絕)Story of Trần Thái Tông 07 "Văn trinh ngạnh trực"
(文貞鯁直)Story of the royal teacher Chu Văn An 08 "Y thiện dụng tâm"
(醫善用心)Story of the physician Phạm Bân 09 "Dũng lực thần dị"
(勇力神異)Story of the general Lê Phụng Hiểu 10 "Phu thê tử tiết"
(夫妻死節)Story of the mandarin Ngô Miễn 11 "Tăng đạo thần thông"
(僧道神通)Story of the Buddhist masters Thông Huyền and Giác Hải 12 "Tấu chương minh nghiệm"
(奏章明驗)Story of Prince Chiêu Văn Trần Nhật Duật 13 "Áp Lãng chân nhân"
(壓浪真人)Story of the Taoist priest Áp Lãng 14 "Minh Không thần dị"
(明空神異)Story of the Buddhist master Nguyễn Minh Không 15 "Nhập mộng liệu bệnh"
(入夢療病)Story of the Buddhist master Quán Viên 16 "Ni sư đức hành"
(尼師德行)Story of the bhikkhuni Phạm thị 17 "Cảm kích đồ hành"
(感激徒行)Story of Trần Nhân Tông and Prince Văn Túc Trần Đạo Tái 18 "Điệp tự thi cách"
(疊字詩格)Story of Trần Thánh Tông's talent for poems 19 "Thi ý thanh tân"
(詩意清新)Story of Trần Nhân Tông's talent for poems 20 "Trung thực thiện chung"
(忠直善終)Story of the brothers Phạm Ngộ and Phạm Mại 21 "Thi phúng trung gián"
(詩諷忠諫)Story of Marquis Chương Túc Trần Nguyên Đán 22 "Thi dụng tiền nhân cảnh cú"
(詩用前人警句)Story of the scholar Nguyễn Trung Ngạn's talent for literature 23 "Thi ngôn tự phụ"
(詩言自負)Story of Nguyễn Trung Ngạn's character 24 "Mệnh thông thi triệu"
(命通詩兆)Story of the mandarin Lê Quát 25 "Thi chí công danh"
(詩志功名)Story of the general Phạm Ngũ Lão 26 "Tiểu thi lệ cú"
(小詩麗句)Story of the talent for poems of members of the Trần royal family 27 "Thi tửu kinh nhân"
(詩酒驚人)Story of Hồ Tông Trạc 28 "Thi triệu dư khánh"
(詩兆餘慶)Story of Lê Trừng 29 "Thi xưng tương chức"
(詩稱相職)Story of Trần Nghệ Tông's mandarins 30 "Thi thán trí quân"
(詩歎致君)Story of Trần Nguyên Đán's talent for poems 31 "Quý khách tương hoan"
(貴客相歡)From its contents, Nam Ông mộng lục shows an important influence of Buddhism and Taoism during the reign of the Lý and Trần dynasties.[7]
References
- ^ a b c "Hồ Nguyên Trừng" (in Vietnamese). Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam. http://dictionary.bachkhoatoanthu.gov.vn/default.aspx?param=239FaWQ9MTMxNTAmZ3JvdXBpZD0ma2luZD0ma2V5d29yZD1IJWUxJWJiJTkzK05ndXklYzMlYWFuK1RyJWUxJWJiJWFibmc=&page=1.
- ^ Đinh Công Vĩ (1986). "Thử tìm hiểu phương pháp sưu tầm chỉnh lý thư tịch của Lê Quý Đôn" (in Vietnamese). Hán Nôm Magazine (Hanoi: Institute of Hán Nôm) (1/1986). http://www.hannom.org.vn/web/tchn/data/8601_a.htm.
- ^ Hà Thiên Niên (2003). "Khảo thuật về cổ tịch có liên quan đến Việt Nam thuộc các triều đại ở Trung Quốc" (in Vietnamese). Hán Nôm Magazine (Hanoi: Institute of Hán Nôm) (5/2003). http://www.hannom.org.vn/web/tchn/data/0305v.htm.
- ^ a b c Trần Nghĩa (1997). "Tiểu thuyết chữ Hán Việt Nam - Danh mục và phân loại" (in Vietnamese). Hán Nôm Magazine (Hanoi: Institute of Hán Nôm) (3/1997). http://www.hannom.org.vn/web/tchn/data/9703v.htm.
- ^ a b c "Nam Ông mộng lục" (in Vietnamese). Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam. http://dictionary.bachkhoatoanthu.gov.vn/default.aspx?param=14C9aWQ9MjExNDYmZ3JvdXBpZD0yNSZraW5kPSZrZXl3b3JkPQ==&page=13.
- ^ Trần Nghĩa (1997). "Tiểu thuyết chữ Hán Việt Nam - Nội dung và nghệ thuật" (in Vietnamese). Hán Nôm Magazine (Hanoi: Institute of Hán Nôm) (4/1997). http://www.hannom.org.vn/web/tchn/data/9704v.htm.
- ^ Trần Nghĩa (1999). "Ảnh hưởng của Đạo giáo đối với tiểu thuyết chữ Hán Việt Nam" (in Vietnamese). Hán Nôm Magazine (Hanoi: Institute of Hán Nôm) (4/1999). http://www.hannom.org.vn/web/tchn/data/9904_a.htm.
Categories:- Ming Dynasty literature
- Vietnamese novels
- 1442 books
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