Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42
Identifiers
Symbols	MRPL42; L31MT; L42MT; MRP-L31; MRP-L42; MRP-S32; MRPL31; MRPS32; PTD007; RPML31; S32MT
External IDs	OMIM: 611847 MGI: 1196413 HomoloGene: 12106 GeneCards: MRPL42 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • structural constituent of ribosome Cellular component • mitochondrion • mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit • ribosome Biological process • translation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	28977	67270
Ensembl	ENSG00000198015	ENSMUSG00000062981
UniProt	Q9Y6G3	Q9CPV3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_014050.3	NM_026065.3
RefSeq (protein)	NP_054769.1	NP_080341.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 93.86 – 93.9 Mb	Chr 10: 94.94 – 94.96 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

28S ribosomal protein L42, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL42 gene.^[1][2][3]

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a protein identified as belonging to both the 28S and the 39S subunits. Further experiments will be needed to identify the specific subunit localization. Sequence analysis identified three transcript variants that encode two different isoforms. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 4q, 6p, 6q, 7p, and 15q.^[3]

References

1. ^ Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, Moseley A, Spremulli LL (May 2001). "The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present". J Biol Chem 276 (22): 19363–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100727200. PMID 11279123. 
2. ^ Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z (Nov 2000). "Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells". Genome Res 10 (10): 1546–60. doi:10.1101/gr.140200. PMC 310934. PMID 11042152. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=310934. 
3. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: MRPL42 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=28977. 

Further reading

• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548. 
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs.". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC 311072. PMID 11230166. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=311072. 
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, et al. (2001). "The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders.". Genomics 77 (1-2): 65–70. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6622. PMID 11543634. 
• Koc EC, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, et al. (2001). "The large subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Analysis of the complement of ribosomal proteins present.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (47): 43958–69. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106510200. PMID 11551941. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M (2003). "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome.". Genomics 81 (5): 468–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1. PMID 12706105. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome.". Cell 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. PMID 16169070.