- Makea Takau Ariki
-
Makea Takau Ariki Queen of the Cook Islands 
Makea Takau Ariki, taken in Auckland (1885)Reign 1871–1911 Born circa 1845 Birthplace Avarua, Rarotonga Died circa 1911 Consort Ngamaru Rongotini Ariki Royal House House of Te Au O Tonga Dynasty Makea Nui dynasty Mother Makea Te Vaerua Ariki 
Prince Consort Ngamaru Rongotini (1885).
An 1893 stamp of the Cook Islands showing Queen Makea.
Para O Tane Palace and Summer cottage (1908).
Queen Makea and Lord Ranfurly at the Annexation Ceremony (1900).Makea Takau Ariki (1845–1911) was a sovereign of the Cook Islands. She was the ariki (queen) of the dynasty Makea Nui (Great Makea), one of the three chiefdoms of the tribe Te Au O Tonga (The mist of the south) on the island of Rarotonga.
She succeeded her uncle Makea Abera Ariki in 1871.[1] Her reign lasted forty years during a crucial time in the history of Rarotonga and the Cook Islands. It was under her reign that the Cook Islands became a British protectorate in 1888 before being annexed to New Zealand in 1900.[2]
Contents
Family
Makea Takau was adopted by her uncle, Makea Davida, her birth mother was his sister, Makea Te Vaerua, Makea Takau's mother was the eldest daughter of Makea Pori Ariki.[3]
Succession
Makea Davida, was ariki of Te Au O Tonga from 1839 until 1849 and succeeded by his sister, Te Vaerua, until her death in 1857. She was succeeded by her younger brother Makea Daniela, until his death in 1866. He was succeeded by another brother, Makea Abera (also spelled Abela), who was in office until his death in 1871.[4]
Marriage
In the 1860s she married Ngamaru Rongotini Ariki, one of the three high chiefs of Atiu and of the adjoining islands of Mauke, and Mitiaro. The war-like Prince Consort, Ngamaru, was less civilized than she; it was his way to threaten people who offended him, by making the "cannibal sign" at them—rapidly drawing his clenched fist across his teeth; the significance being: "I will tear you with my teeth!".[5] Prince Ngamaru Rongotini died in 1903.
According to Beatrice Grimshaw, a journalist from Ireland who visited in 1907, shortly after the death of Prince Ngamaru, it seems that it was a happy marriage.
"Their married life was a happy one, in spite of the prince's violent character, and when he died, the widowed queen took all her splendid robes of velvet, silk, and satin gorgeously trimmed with gold, tore them in fragments, and cast them into his grave, so that he might lie soft, as befitted the prince who had been loved so well by such a queen." [6]
Reign
France's armed takeover of Tahiti and the Society Islands in 1843 caused considerable apprehension among the Cook Islands' ariki and led to requests from them to the British for protection in the event of French attack. This nervousness continued for many years and the call for protection was repeated in 1865 in a petition to Governor Grey of New Zealand.
During the 1870s the Cook Islands enjoyed prosperity and peace under the authority of Queen Makea, Makea Takau as she was known. A wily negotiator, she secured good prices for exports and cut the debts which had piled up before she became ariki. By 1882 four of the five ariki of Rarotonga were women. Since the sovereign of the British Empire was Queen Victoria, Makea probably found it easier to achieve a paramount status. In 1888 she formally petitioned the British to set up a Protectorate to head off what she believed to be imminent invasion by the French.
The British were reluctant administrators and continued pressure was applied to them from New Zealand and from European residents of the islands to pass the Cook Islands over to New Zealand. The first British Resident was Frederick Moss, a New Zealand politician who tried to help the local chiefs form a central government. In 1898 another New Zealander, Major W.E. Gudgeon, a veteran of the New Zealand Maori wars, was made British Resident with the aim of paving the way for New Zealand to take over from Britain as part of the expansionist ambitions of New Zealand's Prime Minister, Richard Seddon. This was not favored by Makea Takau who preferred the idea of being annexed to Britain. One of the results of the British annexation was freedom of religion and a new influx of missionaries from different denominations. The first Roman Catholic church was dedicated in 1896.
After much maneuvering and politicking, the Cook Islands was formally annexed by New Zealand on October 7, 1900 when a deed of cession was signed by five ariki and seven lesser chiefs without any debate or examination of its ramifications or implications.[7]
Titles and styles
- 1871–1911 Makea Takau Ariki, 27th Makea Nui Ariki of the Te-Au-o-Tonga Tribe
- 1874–1911 Queen/Supreme High Chiefess of the Cook Islands
- 1888–1900 Leader of the Council of Chiefs
- 1891–1901 President of the Executive Council
Para O Tane Palace
In a shady park-like setting, in Avarua, are the Para O Tane Palace and its surrounding area, the Taputapuatea marae. Named after a marae in the Society Islands, Taputapuatea was once the largest, most scared marae in Rarotonga. The palace is where Makea Takau, signed the treaty accepting the Cook Islands' status as a British protectorate on the 26th of October 1888. Beatrice Grimshaw gives a brief description of the palace during her visit to Rarotonga in 1907.
"We walked through the blazing hot sun of the tropic afternoon, down the palm-shaded main street of Avarua town, to the great grassy enclosure that surrounds the palace of the queen. One enters through a neat white gate; inside are one or two small houses, a number of palms and flowering bushes, and at the far end, a stately two-storeyed building constructed of whitewashed concrete, with big railed-in verandahs, and handsome arched windows. This is Makea's palace, but her visitors do not go there to look for her. In true South Sea Islander fashion, she keeps a house for show and one for use." [8]
The palace was reputedly a lively place when Queen Makea was around in the 19th century. The building is now a picturesque ruin, and it is closed to the public, although officially it's still one of the island's main seats of power.
See also
- Kingdom of Rarotonga
- History of the Cook Islands
- House of Ariki
- List of current constituent monarchs
References
- ^ Cook Islands Heads of State guide2womenleaders.com
- ^ History of the Cook Islands: The British period www.ck
- ^ Cook Islands Heads of State guide2womenleaders.com
- ^ Cannibals and converts: radical change in the Cook Islands By Maretu, Marjorie Crocombe p. 96 Google books
- ^ Black Dog Books - Beatrice Grimshaw
- ^ In the strange South seas, By Beatrice Grimshaw p. 71 Google books
- ^ History of the Cook Islands: The British period www.ck
- ^ In the strange South seas, By Beatrice Grimshaw p.68 Google books
External links
Categories:- 1845 births
- People from Rarotonga
- Rarotongan monarchs
- Royalty of the Cook Islands
- 1911 deaths
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
