Walter Bishop (Fringe)

Walter Bishop
Fringe character
First appearance	"Pilot"
Portrayed by	John Noble
Information
Occupation	Owner of Massive Dynamic FBI/DHS consultant Scientist Doctor of Philosophy Member of the Fringe Division Science Team
Family	Robert Bishop (father; deceased) Henry Dunham (grandson)
Spouse(s)	Elizabeth Bishop (wife; deceased)
Children	Peter Bishop (son; deceased) Peter Bishop (alternate universe version) (son)

Walter Bishop, Ph.D. is a fictional character on the Fox television series Fringe. He is portrayed by John Noble. Noble also plays Walter's counterpart in the show's parallel universe, who is referred to in the show as Walternate.

Arc

Walter Bishop was born in Cambridge in 1946, the son of former Nazi scientist, Dr. Robert Bischoff (anglicized to Bishop following World War II), who became a spy for the Allies against the Nazis.^[1] Walter grew up with a love for science, and by the 1970s, became a head developer for a U.S. Government experimental research program called "Kelvin Genetics", alongside his long-time friend William Bell. He married Elizabeth Bishop in an undisclosed year, and his son, Peter Bishop was born in 1978.

Walter and his friend William Bell conducted numerous experiments in the area of fringe science, including developing highly advanced weapons for the Army. At some point during 1970s, Walter and Bell discovered the existence of another universe, through the heightened use of LSD, among other drugs. They constructed a "trans-dimensional window", a portal which could view the other universe, which was more technologically advanced than our own (in "Peter", the Other Side appears to have already created digital cell phones by the year 1985). They began copying the advanced technologies they saw over there, and sold them to the Army to benefit this world. They spent much time sending objects over to the Other Side, including Bell's car, and discovered that the "multiverse" requires balance. If a car goes over the Other Side, then a car of the same mass must be sent into our universe.

In 1985, the now seven-year-old Peter contracted a rare and savage disease. Walter attempted numerous methods to cure him, ranging from trying to build a time machine to bring a researcher who specialized in these cases from 1930s to the present, to watching his alternate self, dubbed "Walternate", work with advanced medicine to cure his own Peter in the alternate universe, who was also ill. But Walter could not save his son, and he died in his arms. Following the funeral, which Bell never attended, Walter became consumed with watching Walternate work to save the other Peter. Through the trans-dimensional window, Walter discovered that Walternate had formulated the correct cure for his son, but did not notice as he was distracted by The Observer known as September. Knowing that Walternate would not be able to cure the other Peter, Walter created the correct compound and built a doorway into the other universe, with the intentions of curing Peter there, and then to return home.^[2]

Nina Sharp, after discovering this, went to stop Walter from opening the wormhole on Reiden Lake (the water from the lake would absorb any excess energy the doorway released). In the ensuing struggle, Walter managed to get through the wormhole, but Nina's arm was caught in-between both universes, and she needed to have a cybernetic arm put in its place. On the journey to the Other Side, the vial holding the cure was destroyed, forcing Walter to kidnap Peter, cure him back in our universe, and then return him. On the way back, they fell through an icy lake, but were rescued by September, who warned Walter that Peter could never return to the alternate universe. After he cured Peter, he and Elizabeth could not find themselves able to send Peter back, so they decided to raise him as their own.^[2]

In 1991, Walter's lab assistant, Dr. Carla Warren, was killed in a fire, and Walter was charged with manslaughter, but was deemed mentally unfit to be tried, so he was locked away inside the St. Claire's Mental Institution. Walter would spend 17 years inside St. Claire's, and was never visited by Peter. Bell, under the alias of Dr. Simon Paris, performed several brain surgeries on Walter, extracting pieces of Walter's brain tissue, which contained the memories of how he crossed universes, per the request of Walter himself, who was frightened of what he was becoming. With the pieces of his brain gone, Walter's intellect was diminished, and he was driven insane.^[3]

In the beginning of the first season, Olivia Dunham blackmailed the adult Peter Bishop to release his father from St. Claire's, in hopes of curing her lover, John Scott. Peter became Walter's legal guardian. After they saved John (who was thought to be a traitor, but later revealed to be an undercover NSA agent), Olivia requested that Walter and Peter remain in Boston, to which Peter reluctantly agreed.^[4]

In episode 1x04, "The Arrival", September returned and asked Walter to hide a mysterious cylinder for him. Peter became fed up with his father and decided to leave Boston, but was kidnapped by a man who wanted the cylinder for himself. September encountered Peter, and appeared to read his mind, making Peter realize "The Pattern" was far more than just plain coincidence. He also began to see that Walter was not as insane as he originally thought, and a father-son relationship started to blossom. And, Walter and Peter became civilian consultants to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, under the supervision of Phillip Broyles.^[5]

During the episode, "Safe", Mitchell Loeb and a team of bank robbers used a vibrational dematerializing device to steal components from safety deposit boxes around the country. The science team realized the safe belonged to Walter, and the components were all pieces of the machine he constructed in 1985 as his original plan to save Peter, but was eventually scrapped, which could "bring anybody from any time or anywhere". Loeb used the device to rescue David Robert Jones from a German prison,^[6] and Jones became ill with radiation poisoning soon after.^[7]

The organization Jones worked for, called "Zerstörung durch Fortschritte der Technologie" (ZFT), or, in English, "Destruction through advances in technology", was based on a self-published, anonymous manifesto under the same title. Walter discovered that the ZFT manifesto was written in his very lab, by William Bell, years ago, after they discovered the alternate universe. In episode 1x20, "There's More Than One of Everything", Walter reveals the existence of the Other Side to Peter, without telling him he was in fact from there. Walter and Peter helped Olivia and Fringe Division stop Jones from crossing over to the Other Side to kill William Bell, and carried on with their lives, now happy as father-and-son.^[8]

A subplot in the first season was Walter and Bell's experiments with a nootropic drug called "Cortexiphan", which they used on children. Olivia was among the children who were treated with it, and was able to see into the Other Side because of it. But, this left her emotionally scarred, and she is always defensive when it is brought up.

In the season two premiere, "A New Day in the Old Town", Walter and Peter learned that Olivia had returned to our side after visiting William Bell in the other universe, but, her return voyage left her gravely wounded and comatose. Walter seemed to be greatly affected by this, as he had begun to look to Olivia like his own daughter. Thankfully, she regained consciousness, and Walter learned that the person who tried to kill her was a shape-shifting assassin from the Other Side.^[9]

By now, Fringe Division is aware of the alternate universe, and just as the ZFT manifesto predicted, they had intentions to destroy us. In the episode "August", an Observer called August contacted Walter to help correct a mistake, which Walter initially believed was to send Peter back to the alternate universe, but, it was in fact a method on how to "cheat death", which he had achieved before.^[10] In episode 2x10, "Grey Matters", Walter was kidnapped by Thomas Jerome Newton, the shape-shifters' leader, and had his missing brain tissue re-implanted for a short time. Walter, temporarily sane, was forced to reveal to Newton who he crossed over to the other universe, and nearly died because of it, driving Peter to great lengths to save him.^[3] In the episode "Jacksonville", Walter reactivated Olivia's Cortexiphan abilities, and she was able to identify objects from the other universe because of their distinctive "glimmer". When she looked at Peter, she saw that he projected the same glimmer, making her realize he is from the Other Side.^[11] But, she eventually promises Walter that she would not tell Peter the truth, though Walter decides he must do it himself.

In the episode "White Tulip" Walter is seen writing a letter to Peter revealing to him that he was from the alternate universe. He is unable to bring himself to give the letter to Peter for the fear of losing him again is too great. The team are chasing down a man trying to rewind time to save his fiance from a fatal car crash. Each time the team comes close to catching him he "resets" time once again. Sent to negotiate with the time traveler, Walter tells him of his actions to save Peter and urges the man not to make the same mistake of changing the natural course of events, saying that he had "traveled through madness" to realize that some things must not be changed. Walter reveals that he has asked God to send him a sign of forgiveness in the form of a white tulip, a flower that did not bloom in that time of year. Heeding Walter's words, the man resets back to the day of his fiance's death and holds her as a truck hits their car, killing them both. It is later revealed that during his last time 'reset', the time traveler leaves a letter for Walter with a colleague, to be delivered on the original day of the case. When Walter opens the delivered letter, he finds a tulip drawn on a white piece of paper: his so desperately sought after "White Tulip."^[12]

In the episode "The Man from the Other Side" Peter, when attempting to foil Newton's plan of bringing a bridge from the parallel universe, unexpectedly discovers that he is in fact, not from this universe. He is injured and while in the hospital, confronts Walter ("You said the effects of Newton's vibrations would be devastating. And they were, they... destroyed that FBI agent... they just... disintegrated him like he wasn't even there. But they didn't kill the man from the other side... and they didn't kill me. I'm not from here, am I?") and angrily blames Walter for his mother (of our universe) committing suicide ("That's why my mother committed suicide, isn't it? She knew. Didn't she? And when I left, the guilt was too much for her to live with... the lie."). At the end of the episode, Olivia notifies a crushed Walter that Peter has checked out of the hospital and is now on the run.^[13]

In "Northwest Passage", Peter is subdued by Newton and meets the man from the other side, who reveals himself to be Walter from the other universe (Walternate).^[14] Recognizing him as his biological father, Peter agrees to accompany him back to the alternate universe, where "Walternate"--who is in full command of his faculties, and holds the position of U.S. Secretary of Defense—tasks him with working on a mysterious machine which Peter eventually discovers ominously requires him to serve as a component. Informed by the Observers that Peter is in danger, Walter and Olivia cross to the alternate universe to recover him, with Walter sustaining a gunshot wound in the process. On their return to our universe, Peter tells Walter that he still hasn't forgiven Walter for taking him from his family as a child, saying, "I've been trying to see this your way Walter... and I can't. But you did cross universes twice to save my life. That's got to count for something." This gives Walter the promise of eventual reconciliation.^[15]

Following the events of the season two finale, "Over There", Walter begins to readjust to life with Peter, but his son still shows a hint of resentment towards his father. Unbeknownst to either of them, the Olivia Dunham they returned to our universe with was in fact her doppelganger, "Fauxlivia", while the prime-Olivia was held captive in the other universe. Fauxlivia was under orders from Walternate to locate the pieces of the doomsday machine constructed by "The First People". Massive Dynamic and Fringe Division begin collecting the pieces and rebuilding the machine in a secure bunker, and Olivia is able to cross over momentarily to alert Peter of Fauxlivia's deception, who he had been romantically involved with.^[16] In 3x02, "The Box", Walter discovers that William Bell (who sacrified himself in the season two finale to allow the others to return to their universe) left him a controlling interest in Massive Dynamic, making him CEO of the company.^[17]

The science team captures Fauxlivia, but she is able to flee back to her own universe. Olivia manages to cross back onto our side, and reunites with the team.^[16] Following this, September reappears and orchestrates a series of events just to see if Walter is finally able to let Peter die, which he eventually realizes he can do.^[18] The science team visits the Massive Dynamic bunker where the doomsday machine is held, and it instantly activates because of the proximity to Peter, whose nose begins to bleed. The machine also does something to Peter—it "weaponizes" him. His behaviour slowly begins to change, and he even begins to hunt down and murder shape-shifters, making Walter realize the effect the machine has on him. After confronting him about it, it appears that Peter might be accepting what is happening to him, frightening Walter.^[19]

Religion

In the first season Walter describes God as the only other individual who had access to all his research. In the second season Walter describes himself as a former atheist who realized he had committed a grievous crime against God when he stole Walternative's son and is now actively seeking forgiveness for his trespass. In the final episode of the third season Walter kneels before a Cross and begs God to spare humanity from obliteration.

Walternate

Walter also exists in the show's parallel universe, though to distinguish between the prime and parallel versions of Walter, the show's characters as well as its producers, journalists, and fans, identify the parallel character as "Walternate", a portmanteau of "Walter" and "alternate". However, they have several key differences in personality: Walternate never suffers from the brain damage his counterpart does, and is thus completely in control of his mental facilities. He is also more ruthless and cruel than his counterpart, with a firm belief that the ends justify the means.

Walternate in the parallel universe had a similar history to Walter through 1985, having married the same Elizabeth and having their own child Peter. There are variations in their history as well, in part due to the William Bell of the parallel universe dying in a car accident as a child and thus never befriending Walternate. Walternate was appointed as the United States "national security czar", and saw that the Strategic Defense Initiative to its success. Walternate is also shown to have started a company called "Bishop Dynamic" (a parallel to Massive Dynamic, the company founded by William Bell in the prime universe).^[20]

In 1985, Walternate had worked on a cure for his Peter, but was distracted by September before seeing the successful result of the test.^[2] When Peter was kidnapped by Walter, Walternate slipped into depression and alcoholism, his job at risk, unable to explain how Peter was taken. After receiving moral support from Elizabeth, he returned to work, and later is surprised when young Olivia appears to him when she crosses over from the prime universe. Receiving her sketchbook, Walternate discovers that Peter is in the prime universe and resolves to get him back.^[21]

Leading into the show's present, Walternate has become the U.S. Secretary of Defense, overseeing a more militant Fringe division from his base on Liberty Island, though he has since separated from Elizabeth. He is also good friends with the second-in command of the Fringe Division, Colonel Phillip Broyles. He identified means of stopping the singularities caused by Walter's crossing in 1985 by using an amber-like substance to seal the area around these, regardless of the innocent lives trapped. He has also engineered the shapeshifters to cross to the prime universe and perform actions that ultimately allow him to cross over and convince Peter to return to the parallel universe. He shows Peter the doomsday device that they have found and reconstructed, and urges Peter to figure out how it works as the device only reacts to his biological signature. The purpose of the machine is later revealed during scene at a pub; the observer strolls by leaving behind a drawing depicting Peter being responsible for the apocalypse through the doomsday device.

When the prime universe Olivia and Walter arrive to rescue Peter, Walternate arranges for Olivia's doppleganger, Fauxlivia, to pretend she is Olivia and return with Walter and Peter. Having captured the original Olivia, Walternate subjects her to memory implantation to make he believe she is Fauxlivia while trying to recreate the Cortexiphan drug and understand its properties, intending to execute her once his goals are reached. Meanwhile, Walternate has engaged Fauxlivia to help the prime universe discover the same doomsday machine, eventually recovering one part that was missing in his construction. When it comes time for Fauxlivia to be extracted from the prime-universe, Walternate arranges for Olivia to be executed and her brain removed, with her body being used for the exchange of mass needed for Fauxlivia to return. However, a sympathetic Colonel Broyles helps Olivia escape, and is killed by Walternates mercenaries in the effort, causing Walter to use his friend's body for the mass-exchange, but has it mutilated first so that it would have the same mass as Fauxlivia.

When Fauxlivia returns and finds out she is pregnant with Peter's child and Walternate's grandchild, Walternate 'offers' to help in any way he can, believing the child will be an alternative way of activating the doomsday device through acquiring Peter's genes, going as far as to organize an anonymous kidnapping of Fauxlivia and accelerating her pregnancy to ensure the baby's survival. By now it is revealed that the vengeful, relentless Walternate's only previous interest in Peter was his unique biological blueprint needed to activate the machine. Believing that now that Peter has chosen his side, he doesn't hesitate to proceed to activate the machine with the intent of destroying the prime universe and his son along with it.^[22]

However, the machine does not work as expected: while it accelerates the deterioration of the prime-universe, it does not begin to heal the alternate one. After Peter activates the prime-universe version of the machine in an attempt to combat the decay, Walternate discovers he cannot shut down his version of it, and attempts to have Fauxlivia do it, believing that she might be able to access the same telekinetic powers as her counterpart. However, Peter uses the prime-universe machine to create a "bridge" between both worlds, so that both can work together to heal their prospective universes, an alliance which Walternate grudgingly agrees to.

Development

Australian actor John Noble was cast in January 2008 as "an institutionalized scientist whose work might be at the center of the coming storm".^[23] At the time, he was a relatively unknown actor best known to audiences as Denethor in the 2003 film The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.^[23] Noble became aware of the Fringe casting call from his daughter, actress Samantha Noble. He explained, "She was in L.A. She said, 'Dad'—she rang me—'Dad, there's a role that's made for you. I've heard it, everyone's talking about it. J.J. Abrams.' So I rang my manager, and I said, 'Well, this role.' And they said, 'No, no, no, it's not for you, you're too young for it.' I said, 'Oh, okay, glad I asked.' So I went back to Australia and we were back there over the Christmas break, and she was there as well. I got a phone call", asking him to tape his audition.^[24] He taped it with his daughter and sent it; Noble commented "And that was it, off that tape. This is so unusual. Off that tape, I was cast as Walter Bishop. Just unheard of."^[24]

Noble has closely worked with the Fringe writers to develop his character's traits, in particular those that relate to Walter's madness. He explained, I did my own research into those rare breed, the geniuses, and it's not that they are anti-social — they simply have no social skills. It misses the point, in a way, to think any other way about it. I also studied the people who have been subjected to a lot of drug use — prescription and otherwise, the psychotropic drugs and so forth — and what happens in mental institutions. Walter would have been subjected to electroshock therapy, so that was something I looked into, what the short- and long-term effects might be. I made all of that part of Walter."^[25] For his character's accent, the Australian actor developed a Mid-Atlantic English dialect, which Noble described as "sort of a Boston accent, but tempered with a bit of fake English, from years of flying around to conferences and talking to other academics from all over the world."^[26] In his research, Noble noticed many prominent scientists had "complicated and interesting relationships" with music, causing him to create a similar bond between it and his character.^[27]

In a November 2008 interview with the Los Angeles Times, Jeff Pinkner has called the character of Walter "incredibly fun to write for because he can say and do anything, which is a blast for a writer. He's incredibly brilliant and he's forgotten just how brilliant he is. He's scared of his own shadow, and he's scared of the things he's done in the past, and he's incredibly childlike."^[28] Pinkner continued that he, the other writers, and Noble himself have striven to focus on Walter's humanity, "[Noble] plays it from a believable place and doesn't play him from a goofball, cuddly cute place. That's our prime directive: Keep it real and honest."^[28]

Personality

"Walter is like a King Lear for television. He's got all of those extremes. He goes from the raging fool into these incredibly tender moments. He had moments that, to most of us, are quite insane and then show this incredible lucidity. He can be laser-like at times. But do you know what? I don't know that those aspects of a person are far different from a lot of us, to be honest. It's just that Walter's barriers are so low that he actually does the things that most of us sit on. That's a great opportunity for me as a character actor, obviously."

— John Noble on his character^[25]

Walter is a mad scientist with deep past connections to fringe science. He has significant memory loss as well as odd quirks, which are the result of living in a mental institution for seventeen years. Some of these traits involve random foods, such as licorice and strawberry milkshakes. Walter remains deeply remorseful about his past, morally questionable activities, such as the Cortexiphan drug trials he performed on children.

Walter has a deep connection to music.^[27]

Relationships

"That's become the glue that sticks the show together, and I think J.J. Abrams always had that in mind. But Joshua Jackson and I just picked it up and ran with it. It seemed like a beautiful opportunity to create something special. It's resonated so much with our audience. People stop Joshua in the street and tell him to treat his father better. I had a driver the other day who told me that he totally relates to Walter as a father and going through difficult times with his son. This is beautiful stuff."

— John Noble on his relationship with Joshua Jackson^[25]

Prior to the pilot, Walter was estranged from his son, Peter, who was largely raised by his mother Elizabeth. Elizabeth committed suicide while Walter was in the mental institution. Walter and Peter have since gradually grown closer, though the relationship suffered upon Peter learning he was taken from the parallel universe as a boy.

Walter has remained fond of Olivia, and it was later revealed that she was one of his test subjects for his nootropic drug, Cortexiphan. Their relationship suffered when Olivia learned about this connection. Walter also is close with his lab assistant Astrid Farnsworth.

Reception

Critical reception

Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune called Noble the series' "secret weapon" for his ability to "move with lightning speed between surreal goofiness and touching insecurity, often within a single scene."^[29] Paste magazine named Noble as the 23rd best performance of 2010, calling him "excellent right out of the gate" and Walter as the "show's best character".^[30] TV Squad named Walter one of 2010's best television characters.^[31]

Accolades

See also: List of awards and nominations received by Fringe

For the second season, Noble submitted his work for consideration in the Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series category at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards.^[32] Noble was nominated at the Satellite Awards for 2008 and 2009.^[33][34] At the 2009 and 2010 Saturn Awards, Noble received nominations for Best Supporting Actor on Television.^[35][36] Noble was nominated in 2009 and won in 2010 for the "Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series" category at Entertainment Weekly's Ewwy Awards.^[37]

References

1. ^ "The Bishop Revival". Adam Davidson (director), Glen Whitman (writer), Robert Chiappetta (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-01-28. No. 14, season 2.
2. ^ ^{a b c} "Peter". David Straiton (director), Akiva Goldsman (story), J. H. Wyman (story and teleplay) Jeff Pinkner (story and teleplay) Josh Singer (story and teleplay). Fringe. Fox. 2010-04-01. No. 16, season 2.
3. ^ ^{a b} "Grey Matters". Jeannot Szwarc (director), Ashley Edward Miller (writer), Zack Stentz (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2009-12-10. No. 10, season 2.
4. ^ "Pilot". Alex Graves (director), J.J. Abrams (writer), Alex Kurtzman (writer), Roberto Orci (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2008-09-09. No. 1, season 1.
5. ^ "The Arrival". Paul A. Edwards (director), J.J. Abrams (writer), Jeff Pinkner (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2008-09-30. No. 4, season 1.
6. ^ "Safe". Michael Zinberg (director), David H. Goodman (writer), Jason Cahill (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2008-12-02. No. 10, season 1.
7. ^ "Ability". Norberto Barba (director), Glen Whitman (writer), Robert Chiappetta (writer), David H. Goodman (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2009-02-10. No. 14, season 1.
8. ^ "There's More Than One of Everything". Brad Anderson (director), Jeff Pinkner (writer), J. H. Wyman (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2009-05-12. No. 20, season 1.
9. ^ "A New Day in the Old Town". Joe Chappelle (director), Zack Stentz (writer), Ashley Edward Miller (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2009-09-17. No. 1, season 2.
10. ^ "August". Dennis Smith (director), J. H. Wyman (writer), Jeff Pinkner (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2009-11-19. No. 8, season 2.
11. ^ "Jacksonville". Charles Beeson (director), Zack Stentz (writer), Ashley Edward Miller (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-02-04. No. 15, season 2.
12. ^ "White Tulip". Thomas Yatsko (director), J. H. Wyman (writer), Jeff Vlaming (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-04-15. No. 18, season 2.
13. ^ "The Man from the Other Side". Jeffrey Hunt (director), Josh Singer (writer), Ethan Gross (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-04-22. No. 19, season 2.
14. ^ "Northwest Passage". Joe Chappelle (director), Ashley Edward Miller (writer), Zack Stentz (writer), Nora Zuckerman (writer), Lilla Zuckerman (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-05-06. No. 21, season 2.
15. ^ "Over There Part 2". Akiva Goldsman (director and writer), Jeff Pinkner (writer), J. H. Wyman (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-05-20. No. 23, season 2.
16. ^ ^{a b} "Entrada". Brad Anderson (director), Jeff Pinkner (writer), J. H. Wyman (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-12-02. No. 8, season 3.
17. ^ "The Box". Jeffrey Hunt (director), Josh Singer (writer), Graham Roland (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2010-09-30. No. 2, season 3.
18. ^ "The Firefly". Charles Beeson (director), J.H. Wyman (writer), Jeff Pinkner (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2011-01-21.
19. ^ "Reciprocity". Jeannot Szwarc (director) Josh Singer (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2011-01-28.
20. ^ Murray, Noel (2011-02-25). "Subject 13". A.V. Club. http://www.avclub.com/articles/subject-13,52321/. Retrieved 2011-04-06. 
21. ^ "Subject 13". Frederick E. O. Toye (director) Jeff Pinkner (writer), J. H. Wyman (writer), Akiva Goldsman (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2011-02-25.
22. ^ "Immortality". Brad Anderson (director) David Wilcox (writer), Ethan Gross (writer). Fringe. Fox. 2011-02-11. No. 13, season 3.
23. ^ ^{a b} Andreeva, Nellie (2008-01-24). "Fox draws Noble, Reddick into its "Fringe"". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/01/24/television-noble-dc-idUSN2417799520080124. Retrieved 2011-06-05. 
24. ^ ^{a b} VanDerWerff, Todd (2011-05-06). "Interview John Noble". A.V. Club. http://www.avclub.com/articles/john-noble,55690/. Retrieved 2011-05-08. 
25. ^ ^{a b c} Boucher, Geoff (2010-06-05). "John Noble loves his ‘Fringe’ madness: ‘Walter is like a King Lear for television’". Los Angeles Times. http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2010/06/05/john-noble-loves-his-fringe-madness-walter-is-like-a-king-lear-for-television/. Retrieved 2011-06-05. 
26. ^ Anders, Charlie Jane (2010-03-26). "Oops, Walter Bishop Broke The Multiverse! John Noble Explains Why". io9. http://io9.com/5503000/oops-walter-bishop-broke-the-multiverse-john-noble-explains-why. Retrieved 2011-06-05. 
27. ^ ^{a b} Hanson, Andrew (2010-04-29). "Jeff Pinkner and J.H. Wyman sing the praises of Thursday night’s musical 'Fringe'". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/showtracker/2010/04/jeff-pinker-and-jh-wyman-sing-the-praises-of-thursday-nights-musical-fringe.html. Retrieved 2011-06-14. 
28. ^ ^{a b} Day, Patrick Kevin (2008-11-10). "'Fringe': A Q&A with Jeff Pinkner". Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/showtracker/2008/11/fringe-q-a-with.html. Retrieved 2011-06-30. 
29. ^ Ryan, Maureen (2010-03-31). "The 'Fringe' episode you don't want to miss". Chicago Tribune. http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/entertainment_tv/fringe/. Retrieved 2011-06-30. 
30. ^ Basham, Tim (2010-06-07). "The 25 Best TV Performances of 2010". Paste. http://www.pastemagazine.com/blogs/lists/2010/12/the-25-best-tv-performances-of-2010.html. Retrieved 2011-04-06. 
31. ^ Sassone, Bob (2010-12-29). "The 10 Greatest TV Characters of 2010". TV Squad. http://www.tvsquad.com/2010/12/29/the-10-greatest-tv-characters-of-2010/. Retrieved 2011-04-06. 
32. ^ "Official 2010 Emmy Campaign Submissions". Los Angeles Times. 2010-04-16. http://goldderbyforums.latimes.com/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/1106078764/m/136107104. Retrieved 2011-06-05. 
33. ^ "2009 13th Annual Satellite Awards". International Press Academy. http://www.pressacademy.com/satawards/awards2008.shtml. Retrieved 2009-03-11. 
34. ^ "2009 14th Annual Satellite Awards". International Press Academy. http://www.pressacademy.com/satawards/awards2009.shtml. Retrieved 2010-06-26. 
35. ^ "Saturn Awards - 36th Annual Results". L.A. Times. 2010-06-25. http://goldderby.latimes.com/awards_goldderby/2010/06/lost-fringe-and-breaking-bad-take-two-saturn-awards-apiece.html. Retrieved 2010-06-26. 
36. ^ "Nominations for the 37th Annual Saturn Awards". The Academy of Science Fiction Fantasy & Horror Films. http://www.saturnawards.org/nominations.html. Retrieved 2011-03-18. 
37. ^ Slezak, Michael (2010-08-27). "EWwy Awards 2010: Here's to the Winners!". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20300978_20416127_20834882,00.html. Retrieved 2011-03-18. 

External links

• Walter Bishop at the Internet Movie Database