- Denmark–Eritrea relations
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Denmark - Eritrea relations
Denmark
EritreaDenmark–Eritrea relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Eritrea. Denmark is represented in Eritrea through its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya,[1] and Eritrea is represented in Denmark through its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.[2] Diplomatic relations were established on 1993.[3] Relations between Denmark and Eritrea have been bad, since Denmark decided to suspend development cooperation with Eritrea in January 2002, and close its embassy in June 2002.[4] After the Eritrean–Ethiopian War from 1998 to 2000, Denmark sent 320 soldiers to the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea to monitor a ceasefire in the border war.[5]
Contents
History
In 1950, Denmark and 15 other countries voted for a united Eritrea and Ethiopia under Haile Selassie in the United Nations.[6] During the Eritrean War of Independence, Denmark sent humanitarian assistance to the Eritrean People's Liberation Front.[7] In the 1980s, the parliament of Denmark passed a resolution supporting the independence in Eritrea.[8] Denmark opened an embassy in Asmara in July 1997,[9] but closed it in June 2002,[4] because of the lack of democracy in the country.[10] In October 2001, Eritrea expelled the Italian ambassador, and later Denmark recalled its ambassador to Eritrea for consultations.[11] In 2001, Denmark ended aid to Eritrea because of the arrest of Eritrean students and opposition politicians by President Isaias Afewerki, and the lack of freedom of the press in Eritrea.[12] Another reason was the new liberal government of Denmark, that decided to reduce the aid budget.[13]
Development assistance
Eritrea was chosen as a Danish programme country from 1993 to 1996, and again from 1999 to 2001. Denmark has been supporting Eritrea with counteracting land degradation. In 1996, Denmark contributed $35,000 through United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and in 1997, $111,000 through United Nations Truce Supervision Organization to Eritrea.[14] In 1996, Denmark assisted 112 million DKK to the agriculture sector,[15] and 80 million DKK to the education sector.[16] The total aid to the Eritrean agricultural programme amounted 112 million DKK. (USD 15 million)[14] From 2001 to 2004, Denmark assisted Eritrea 36.60 million DKK for the justice sector.[17] In 2001, both countries agreed to develop the legal sector.[13] In 2001, Denmark donated $2.199 million to support the clearance of landmines in Eritrea.[18]
High level visits
In the 2000 Arab League summit in Cairo, Eritrean President Isayas Afewerki met Prince Frederik and called the relationship between Denmark and Eritrea "exemplary".[19][20] In February 2001, Danish Foreign Minister Mogens Lykketoft visited Eritrea, to discuss development progammes between Denmark and Eritrea.[21]
References
- ^ "H.E. Geert Aagaard Andersen, New Danish Ambassador to Kenya". Government of Denmark, Danish embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark). http://www.ambnairobi.um.dk/en/menu/TheEmbassy/HEGeertAagaardAndersenDanishAmbassadorToKenya/. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
- ^ "Embassy of Eritrea in Stockholm". Government of Eritrea. http://www.eritrean-embassy.se/Visa.htm. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ Africa analysis: the fortnightly bulletin on financial and political trends, 163–187. Africa Analysis Ltd. 1993. http://books.google.dk/books?ei=xh4FTtjTOsXfsga0-fDBDA&ct=result&id=tZc0AQAAIAAJ&q=%22Eritrea+and+Denmark+established+diplomatic+relations+at+ambassadorial+level%22#search_anchor. Retrieved 24 June 2011. "Eritrea and Denmark established diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level"
- ^ a b "Danske mineryddere på vej hjem fra Eritrea". Politiken. 2 September 2002. http://politiken.dk/udland/ECE40296/danske-mineryddere-paa-vej-hjem-fra-eritrea/. Retrieved 3 February 2011.
- ^ "Moralens vogtere" (in Danish). Jyllandsposten. 4 April 2001. http://jp.dk/morgenavisen/indblik/article631124.ece. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
- ^ Ethiopia, Eritrea to merge. 14. Iowa: Telegraph Herald. 3 December 1950. p. 4. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7RNRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=J88MAAAAIBAJ&pg=1373,5617776&dq=&hl=en. Retrieved 25 June 2011. "Besides the United States, the sponsoring powers were Bolivia, Brazil, Burma, Canada, Denmark, Ecuador, Greece, Liberia, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru"
- ^ "Eritrean Rebels Have Non-Communist Support". New York Times. 21 December 1987. http://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/21/opinion/l-eritrean-rebels-have-non-communist-support-122287.html. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ "Eritrean Rebels to Form Own Rule, Separate From Ethiopian Government". Washington Post. 30 May 1999. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/eritrea/stories/eritrea053091.htm. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ "Danmark åbner ambassade i Eritrea" (in Danish). NPINVESTOR. 1 July 1997. http://npinvestor.dk/nyheder/danmark-aabner-ambassade-i-eritrea-15674.aspx. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ "'Front Load' Africa's Development, Say UN Humanitarian Aid Coordinators". allAfrica.com. http://allafrica.com/stories/200311190002.html. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
- ^ Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Europe Publications. 2004. p. 391. ISBN 1857431839. http://books.google.dk/books?id=jj4J-AXGDaQC&pg=PA390&lpg=PA390&dq=&source=bl&ots=JIlhA5lkFr&sig=eqY-LhoZEqBNvU8ZAMZjnOudjKM&hl=da&ei=MdkETvrvKIrHswa1l6XaDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CEwQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ "Eritrea vil selv bestemme" (in Danish). Jyllandsposten. http://viden.jp.dk/videnbank/landeportraetter/default.asp?cid=7592. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ a b "Managing Aid Exit and Transformation: Eritrea Country Case Study". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. p. 18. ISBN 978-91-586-4064-1. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/50/55/42208028.pdf. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ a b UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION TO COMBAT DESERTIFICATION: Report from Denmark. April 2000. http://www.unccd.int/cop/reports/developed/2000/denmark-eng.pdf. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ "Bekendtgørelse om overenskomst af 17. november 1995 med Eritrea om dansk støtte til etablering af et nationalt skovfrøcenter i Eritrea under Landbrugsministeriet" (in Danish). Retsinformation. https://www.retsinformation.dk/forms/R0710.aspx?id=82708. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
- ^ "Bekendtgørelse om overenskomst af 26. april 1996 med Eritrea om dansk støtte til primær uddannelse i Eritrea" (in Danish). Retsinformation. https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=82709&exp=1. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
- ^ "Danidas Årsberetning 04" (in Danish). DANIDA. http://www.netpublikationer.dk/um/5479/kap37.htm. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ Landmines, International Campaign to Ban (2002). Landmine Monitor report, 2002 : toward a mine-free world. New York: Human Rights Watch. p. 251. ISBN 1564322777. http://books.google.dk/books?id=ZPj16Xxyi9kC&pg=PA251&dq=&hl=da&ei=mkADTvnFEI_BtAbhwJndDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false. Retrieved 24 June 2011.
- ^ "Nyrups 65 års fødselsdag". Socialdemokraterne. http://s-dialog.dk/A-Jan%20Tr%C3%B8jborg-Nyrups-65-%C3%A5rs-f%C3%B8dselsdag-default.aspx?site=jantroejborg&func=article.view&id=234196. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
- ^ "Eritrean president in talks with Danish prince, parliamentary defence committee". BBC Monitoring. 7 May 2001. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F97A1586BC3BE0B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 6 July 2011.
- ^ "Eritrea: Danish foreign minister arrives in Asmara". BBC Monitoring. 22 April 2001. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=NewsLibrary&p_multi=BBAB&d_place=BBAB&p_theme=newslibrary2&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F97A0F77AF3AF09&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Retrieved 25 June 2011.
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- Bilateral relations of Eritrea
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