Deep integration

Deep integration, as defined by Simone Claar and Andrea Nölke, means trade agreements which not only contain rules on tariffs and conventional non-tariff trade restrictions, but which also regulate the business environment in a more general sense. Issues of deep integration include competition policy, investor rights, product standards, public procurement and intellectual property rights, for example.^[1]

Canada and United States

Deep integration can also specifically refer to the harmonization of policies and regulations of Canada and the United States. Some ^(who?) believe that doing so will result in the formation of a new North American Union that effectively erases the border between Canada and the United States in the interest of trade north of the border and security concerns south of the border.

Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru

In 2011, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru initiated steps to create a Deep Integration bloc. ^{[2] [3]}

It is called "The Pacific Alliance".^[4]

References

1. ^ Claar, Simone; Nölke, Andrea (2010). "Deep integration". D+C Development and Cooperation. http://www.inwent.org/ez/articles/167262/index.en.shtm. 
2. ^ January 2011 meeting between Chile, Columbia, Mexico and Peru
3. ^ May 2011 meeting between Chile, Columbia, Mexico and Peru
4. ^ CNN article

See also

• Independent Task Force on North America
• Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America
• Trade, Investment and Labour Mobility Agreement