Daniel 8

Daniel 8 is the eighth chapter of the Book of Daniel of the Hebrew Bible. This chapter concerns Daniel’s second vision. According to the text, Daniel received his vision in the third year of king Belshazzar. In his vision, he saw himself at Susa (Heb: "Shushan"), the capital^[1] near the river Ulai. The canal is considered to have run along the north side of the fortress of Susa, a royal palace for the Persian kings of ancient Elam, just east of Babylonia.^[2] From a source critical perspective, visionary experiences are frequently associated with riverbank settings.^[1]

Second vision

Chapters of the Book of Daniel
1: Induction into Babylon 2: Nebuchadnezzar's dream of an image 3: The fiery furnace 4: The madness of Nebuchadnezzar 5: Belshazzar's feast 6: Daniel in the lions' den 7: Daniel's first vision 8: Vision of the ram and goat 9: Prophecy of Seventy Weeks 10: Vision of a man 11: Kings of the North and South 12: Epilogue
edit] The ram In verses 3 and 4 of Daniel’s second vision, a ram appears standing by the river Ulai having two horns, one higher than the other. The male ram is described as "pushing westward, northward, and southward, so that no animal could withstand him; nor [was there any] that could deliver from his hand, but he did according to his will and became great."NKJV According to verse 20, the two horns represent the kings of Media and Persia.[1] The male goat In verses 5-7, a male goat then appears from the west having a notable horn between his eyes. He charges toward the ram with great anger, striking him and breaking both horns. It rendered the ram powerless, broken and in servitude to the goat. Verse 21 states that the male goat is the king of Greece. Scholars have associated this male goat with Alexander the Great and his armies.[3] The man Gabriel After Daniel has seen the vision, a being resembling a man calls Gabriel appears to tell Daniel the meaning of the vision, to give him "skill and understanding" regarding his visions. Daniel prostrates himself in fear. Gabriel tells Daniel that the vision concerns the time of the end, but Daniel soon passes out. Gabriel wakes him up and again tells him that the vision is about the time of the end.[Dan. 8:15-19] Interpretations See also: Prophetic beasts of Daniel (Appendix)#Daniel chapter 8 Interpretations of the little horn The Alexander Mosaic depicting Darius III of Persia fleeing before Alexander the Great at the Battle of Issus in 333 BC. Many scholars see this as what is referred to in Daniel 8:7, where it says that the goat "struck the ram and broke his two horns." Scholars believe that Daniel 8 was written shortly prior to the death of Antiochus and the re-dedication of the temple of Jerusalem in 164 BCE. The writer, seeing the Seleucid persecution first hand, perceived that he was living in the end time. The little horn would come from one of them, understood as referring to one of the four horns that replaced the notable horn. Scholarly opinion,[4] as well as modern Jewish and Christian commentaries,[5][6] hold that the little horn refers to Antiochus Epiphanes, since he came from the Seleucid empire, which was one of the four empires that came to power after Alexander died. He seized the Seleucid Kingdom through intrigue, took away the daily sacrifice (the Tamid) in 167 BC, and committed the Abomination of Desolation. He made it illegal to follow the Judaic laws, with the penalty of death.[7] Because of parallel terminology found both in Daniel 11 and Daniel 8, scholars have long interpreted Daniel 8 by Daniel 11. Scholars see in Daniel 11 "predictions" of the whole sweep of events from the reign of Cyrus to what some believe is the unsuccessful effort of Antiochus Epiphanes to stamp out the Jewish faith.[8] Josephus and Thomas Aquinas[9] as well as Jewish and Christian commentaries,[10][11] also hold that Antiochus IV appears as the "little horn" (Daniel 8:9) in the prophetic writings of the Book of Daniel, reading Daniel 8:10–14 as a description of Antiochus' dealings with the Jewish people under his rule which ended with the Maccabean Revolt. In addition, Daniel 11, with references to Persia and Greece and two kings, is thought by some to refer to the Seleucids, and specifically to Antiochus Epiphanes,[12][13] as "The King of the North" who conquers Edom, Moab, Ammon, and Egypt and who will exalt and magnify himself above every god (Verse 36).[14] Historicist views Seventh-day Adventists The prophecy of 2,300 days in Verse 14 plays an important role in Seventh-day Adventist eschatology. The 2,300 days (a little over six years) are interpreted as 2,300 actual years, starting at the same time as the Prophecy of Seventy Weeks in Chapter 9, on the grounds that the 70 weeks were "decreed" ("cut off") for the Jewish people from the 2,300-day prophecy. The beginning year is calculated to be 457 BC (see details here), so that the end of the 2,300 years, and the end of the world, would come in 1844. When the world failed to end in that year many Millerite Adventists lost faith in their leaders and left the movement, but those who remained reached the conclusion that 1844 marked the beginning of a divine pre-advent judgment called "the cleansing of the sanctuary". Chapter Parallel sequence of prophetic elements as understood by Historicists[15][16] Past Present Future Daniel 2 Head Gold (Babylon) Chest & 2 arms Silver Belly and thighs Bronze 2 Legs Iron 2 Feet with toes Clay & Iron Rock God's unending kingdom left to no other people Daniel 7 Winged Lion Lopsided Bear 4 Headed/4 Winged Leopard Iron toothed beast w/Little Horn Judgment scene Beast slain A son of man comes in clouds Given everlasting dominion He gives it to the saints.[17] Daniel 8 2-horned Ram (Media-Persia) Uni- / 4-horned Goat 4 Winds (Greece) Little Horn A Master of Intrigue Cleansing of Sanctuary Leads to: (Kingdom of God) See also Abomination of desolation Appendix Over the centuries Bible scholars have identified specific kingdoms as fulfillment of the symbols from the tabernacle services as illustrated in the following table. Notes ^ a b c Coogan, Michael D.; Brettler, Marc Z.; Newsom, Carol A. et al., eds (2007). The new Oxford annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical books: New Revised Standard Version (Augm. 3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1269, See footnote 8.1-14. ISBN 0195288807.  ^ Singer-Towns, Brian (2005). The New American Bible. (Basic youth ed.). Winona, Minn.: Saint Mary's Press. p. 969, See footnote 8,2. ISBN 0884898636.  ^ Michael D. Coogan, ed (2007). p. 1269-70, See footnote 8.5.  ^ Boyer 1994, pp. 28–31 ^ Christian commentaries on Daniel 8:9 ^ Jewish Encyclopedia: Book of Daniel ^ 1 Maccabees 1:20-63 ^ Gaeblein 1984, p. 143 ^ Boyer, Paul (1994). When Time Shall be No More. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. pp. 28–31.  ^ Christian commentaries on Daniel 8:9 ^ Jewish Encyclopedia: Book of Daniel ^ H. H. Rowley, The Growth of the Old Testament, Harper: 1950, p. 158)) ^ Livius.org:Daniel 11 in Context ^ New American Bible ^ Smith 1944 ^ Anderson 1975 ^ Daniel 7:13-27 see verses 13, 14, 22, 27 ^ After table in Froom 1950, pp. 456–7 ^ After table in Froom 1950, pp. 894-75 ^ a b After table in Froom 1948, pp. 528–9 ^ After table in Froom 1948, pp. 784–5 ^ After table in Froom 1946, pp. 744–5 References Anderson, A (1975). Unfolding Daniel's Prophecies. Pacific Press Publishing Association.  Bar, Shaul (2001). A Letter that Has Not Been Read. Hebrew Union College Press.  Boyer, Paul (1994). When Time Shall be No More. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.  Froom, Le Roy Edwin (1950). Early Church Exposition, Subsequent Deflections, and Medieval Revival. The Prophetic Faith of our Fathers: The Historical Development of Prophetic Interpretation. 1. The Review and Herald Publishing Association. pp. 1006. http://www.adventistarchives.org/doc_info.asp?DocID=42770.  Froom, Le Roy Edwin (1948). Pre-Reformation and Reformation Restoration, and Second Departure. The Prophetic Faith of our Fathers: The Historical Development of Prophetic Interpretation. 2. The Review and Herald Publishing Association. pp. 863. http://www.adventistarchives.org/doc_info.asp?DocID=43134.  Froom, Le Roy Edwin (1946). PART I, Colonial and Early National American Exposition. PART II, Old World Nineteenth Century Advent Awakening. The Prophetic Faith of our Fathers: The Historical Development of Prophetic Interpretation. 3. The Review and Herald Publishing Association. pp. 802. http://www.adventistarchives.org/doc_info.asp?DocID=42257.  Gaeblein, Frank E. (1984). The Expositor's Bible Commentary. Zondervan.  Smith, Uriah (1944). Daniel and Revelation. Southern Publishing Association.  Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат Daniel 7 Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland Look at other dictionaries: DANIEL — (Heb. דָּנִאֵל ,דָּנִיֵאל, God has judged, or vindicated ). (1) An evidently pre Mosaic saint (Ezek. 14:14, 20) and sage (28:3) and, as such, of a type conceivable in any land (14:3ff.) and assumed by Ezekiel to have been heard of by the pagan… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism Daniel Wu — Chinese name 吳彥祖 (Traditional) Chinese name 吴彦祖 (Simplified) …   Wikipedia Daniel — • The hero and traditional author of the book which bears his name Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Daniel     Daniel     † …   Catholic encyclopedia Daniel 7 — Daniel s vision of the four beasts Woodcut by Hans Holbein the Younger Daniel 7 is the seventh chapter of the Book of Daniel in the Hebrew Bible. It is the last chapter written in Aramaic before it continues again in the Hebraic Masoretic text of …   Wikipedia Daniel — (del hebreo דָּנִיֵּאל) fue un profeta bíblico cuyo nombre significa Dios es mi juez . Según lo que aparece escrito en la Biblia, Daniel formaba parte de la tribu de Judá que había sido capturada y permanecía en Babilonia cuando Nabucodonosor… …   Enciclopedia Universal Daniel OE — Daniel is an Old English poem based loosely on the Biblical book of Daniel, found in the Junius Manuscript. The author and the date of Daniel are unknown. Critics have argued that Caedmon is the author of the poem, but this theory has been since… …   Wikipedia Daniel K. — Daniel Küblböck nach der Aufzeichnung einer Dschungel Spezialsendung von Die Oliver Geissen Show Chartplatzierungen Erklärung der Daten Sing …   Deutsch Wikipedia Daniel — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Contenido 1 Nombre 2 Apellido 2.1 Botánicos y sus abreviaturas científicas …   Wikipedia Español Daniel — steht für: Daniel (Vorname) – dort auch zu Namensträgern Daniel (Familienname) – alphabetische Liste Daniel (Prophet) Buch Daniel, ein Biblisches Buch geographisch: St. Daniel, einen Ort in Österreich Daniel (Wyoming), ein census designated place …   Deutsch Wikipedia Daniel — 1 Daniel 2 Daniel 3 Daniel 4 Daniel 5 Daniel 6 Daniel 7 Daniel 8 Daniel 9 Daniel 10 Daniel 11 Daniel 12 …   The King James version of the Bible 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”