Kem Kem Beds

Kem Kem Beds Stratigraphic range: Cenomanian[1]
Type	Geological formation
Location
Country	Morocco  Algeria

The Kem Kem Beds (also referred to by various other names including the Continental Red Beds and Continental intercalaire^[2]) is a geological formation in Morocco and Algeria whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.^[1]

Vertebrate paleofauna

Crocodylomorphs

Crocodylomorphs reported from the Continental Red Beds
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Araripesuchus	Araripesuchus rattoides					Elosuchus cherifiensis
Elosuchus	Elosuchus cherifiensis				An Elosuchid.
Hamadasuchus	Hamadasuchus rebouli				A Peirosaurid.
Laganosuchus	Laganosuchus maghrebensisis				A Stomatosuchid.

Dinosaurs

Indeterminate lithostrotian remains once misattributed to the titanosauridae are present in Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.^[1]

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Discredited taxon Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative data are in small text; crossed out data are discredited.

Dinosaurs reported from the Continental Red Beds
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Images
Carcharodontosaurus[1]	C. saharicus[1]	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]				Carcharodontosaurus saharicus Deltadromeus agilis Spinosaurus aegypticus
Brachiosaurus	B. nougaredi			"Sacrum [and] forelimb elements."[3]	Actually an unnamed brachiosaurid.
Deltadromeus	D. agilis			"Partial skeleton, isolated limb elements."[4]
cf. Elaphrosaurus	Indeterminate	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]			Fossils previously referred to cf. Elaphrosaurus are actually indeterminate theropod remains.
Inosaurus	I. tedreftensis			"Vertebrae."[5]
Kemkemia[6]	K. auditorei[6]				An isolated caudal vertebra, belonging to a neotheropod.
cf. Majungasaurus	Indeterminate	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]			Misidentified remains of an indeterminate abelisaurid.
Rebbachisaurus	Indeterminate	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]			Misidentified indeterminate sauropod remains.
Sigilmassasaurus[1]	S. brevicolis[1]	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]		"Cervical vertebrae."[7]
Spinosaurus[1]	Spinosaurus cf. aegyptiacus[1]	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]
	S. maroccanus[1]	Province De Ksar-es-Souk, Morocco.[1]		"Cervical vertebrae, dentary fragments," and a "dorsal neural arch."[8]

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Kem Kem Beds
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Abundance	Notes	Images
Alanqa[9]	A. saharica[9]					Alanqa saharica
Coloborhynchus[9]	C. moroccensis[9]

Turtles

Turtles reported from the Continental Red Beds
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes
Dirqadim	Dirqadim schaefferi				A Euraxemydid
Galianemys	Galianemys emringeri				A Cearachelyin
Hamadachelys	Hamadachelys escuilliei

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations

References

	Earth sciences portal
	Paleontology portal
	Dinosaurs portal

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q} Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Cretaceous, Africa)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 604-605. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
2. ^ Michard, A. (2008). Continental evolution: the geology of Morocco : structure, stratigraphy, and tectonics of the Africa-Atlantic-Mediterranean Triple junction. Published by Springer, 2008. 424 pages. ISBN 3540770755, 9783540770756
3. ^ "Table 13.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 267.
4. ^ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 76.
5. ^ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
6. ^ ^{a b} Cau, Andrea; Maganuco, Simone (2009). "A new theropod dinosaur, represented by a single unusual caudal vertebra from the Kem Kem Beds (Cretaceous) of Morocco". Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano 150 (II): 239–257.
7. ^ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 74.
8. ^ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.
9. ^ ^{a b c d} Ibrahim, N., Unwin, D.M., Martill, D.M., Baidder, L. and Zouhri, S. (2010). "A New Pterosaur (Pterodactyloidea: Azhdarchidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco." PLoS ONE, 5(5): e10875. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010875