Petalura litorea

Petalura litorea
Conservation status
Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Odonata
Family:	Petaluridae
Genus:	Petalura
Species:	P. litorea
Binomial name
Petalura litorea Theischinger, 1999 [2]

Petalura litorea, more commonly known as the Coastal Petaltail Dragonfly, is an endangered Australian species of dragonfly from the family Petaluridae. This species originates from South East Queensland and prefers a swamp land with thick vegetation, often residing on sword grass. The endangered species description is currently recorded in the New South Wales government Endangered Species listing.^[3]

Body

Coastal Petaltails have distinctive bodies that are unique to their species. The average Petaltail has a body around 10 cm (4 in) in length, with wide-set eyes and a black thorax covered in yellow spots; the abdomen follows a similar pattern consisting of black and yellow stripes. Petaltails' pterostigmata are long and thin, running to and from either side of their wings. Female Petaltails have rounded wings, while male Petaltails have angular wings.^[4]

Mating

Male Coastal Petaltails have unique, bright orange anal appendages called 'petaltails' that are believed to be used to attract a mate.^[4] Once a mate has been attracted, the male and female begin mating, the female positioned upwards towards the sky, and the male in an upside down fashion, lasting for an average of thirty minutes. Once the male and female are finished, the female goes off to lay her eggs in an underground burrow, often near a body of water. Larvae that nest in these underground caves often are subject to attack from underwater predators that can easily access the burrow from a nearby body of water. If the larvae survive the incubation process the average Coastal Petaltail's lifespan is approximately 6 years.^[4]

References

1. ^ J. Hawking (2007). Petalura litorea. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 17 December 2009.
2. ^ "Petalura litorea Theischinger, 1999". Australian Faunal Directory. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts. 9 October 2008. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/Petalura_litorea. 
3. ^ "New South Wales Government- Endangered species listing and description". South Wales: New South Wales Government. http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/listings/PetaluraGiganteaAmendment.htm. Retrieved 11 December 2009. 
4. ^ ^{a b c} "Coastal Petaltail Dragonflies". Australia: Brisbane Insects. http://www.brisbaneinsects.com/brisbane_dragons/CoastalPetaltail.htm. Retrieved 10 December 2009.