- Certificate of Advanced European Studies
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The Certificate of Advanced European Studies (French: Certificat de Hautes Études Européennes) is a postgraduate qualification, equivalent to a master's degree, that was awarded by the College of Europe, a postgraduate elite school in Bruges, Belgium, from its foundation in 1949 until the late 1980s, upon completion of its 1-year programme. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, it was gradually replaced by a diploma and eventually by a master's degree. The current master's degree is still based on the same programme, and the Certificate and the newer master's degrees are considered equivalent. The programme was taught partially in English and partially in French, requiring proficiency in both languages.
Students specialized in Law, Economics or Policy and Public Administration, and were required to have a first degree in one of those fields at least at the same level as a bachelor's degree (many had more advanced degrees).
At the time, the College of Europe did not award degrees in the strict sense, similar to French elite schools like ENA.
The equivalent degrees awarded today are:
- Master in European Law (LL M) - equivalent to Certificate of Advanced European Studies, specialization in Law
- Master of Arts in European Economic Studies - equivalent to Certificate of Advanced European Studies, specialization in Economics
- Master of Arts in European Political and Administrative Studies - equivalent to Certificate of Advanced European Studies, specialization in Policy and Public Administration
People holding a Certificate of Advanced European Studies
- Ursula Plassnik, former Austrian Foreign Minister
- Louise Fréchette, former Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations
- Manuel Marín, former president of the European Commission
- Jo Leinen, German Member of the European Parliament, former president of the Union of European Federalists
- Josef Joffe, German editor and publisher
- Helmut Böck, Austrian diplomat
- Nigel Forman, former British Minister of Education
- David O'Sullivan, Director General for Trade of the European Commission
- Simon Hughes, British liberal politician
- Helen Wallace, Lady Wallace of Saltaire, British academic
- Andrew Tyrie, British Member of Parliament
- Christine Stix-Hackl, former Advocate General at the European Court of Justice
- György Schöpflin, Hungarian Member of the European Parliament
- Francesco Paolo Fulci, Italian diplomat
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