John West (captain)

For other people named John West, see John West.

Born	August 27, 1809( 1809-08-27) Linlithgow, Scotland
Died	March 21, 1888(1888-03-21) (aged 78) Westport, Oregon
Nationality	Scottish
Other names	Captain John West
Occupation	Millwright, Exporter
Known for	Founder of Westport, Oregon

John West (1809 – 1888) was a Scottish inventor and businessman who immigrated to Canada, California and later Oregon where he operated a cannery and exported salmon to Great Britain.

Biography

Captain John West was a self-made man. A native of Scotland, he settled on the lower Columbia River in Westport, Oregon in the early 1850s after trying his luck in the goldfields of California during the California gold rush. West built and operated sawmills, ran a general store and post office, built and managed a salmon cannery, and exported lumber. He also exported canned salmon around the globe and was notable as a large seafood processor and distributor and who was important to the history of Westport. ^[1]

Born in 1809, John West immigrated to Quebec, Canada where he married and started a family while apprenticing as a millwright. In 1849, he left his family and job to search for gold in California. A year later, with little gold to show for his efforts, he arrived in Astoria, Oregon and went to work using his knowledge as a millwright. ^[1]

In 1853, West and his wife Margaret took up a 640-acre (2.6 km²) Donation Land Claim along the lower Columbia River upon which he soon began construction of a water-powered sawmill. West built a steam-powered sawmill in the early 1860s, and by 1868, he was exporting lumber to Australia. ^[2] During these years, the community of Westport grew up around John West's sawmill on his Donation Land Claim.

The West family sold the mill in the early 1900s. The Westport Lumber Company continued production there until February 1956, when it became uneconomical to operate the mill because of a scarcity of logs sufficient in size. ^[2]

John West also exported salmon from as early as 1857. The first fish West processed were salted, packed in barrels, then shipped to California, where they were loaded on sailing ships and sent around Cape Horn to East Coast ports, and then on to Great Britain.^[3] In 1868, West, in partnership with others, found the Westport Cannery, the first on the Oregon shore of the Columbia River. ^[4] The cannery packed 22,000 cases of salmon during the 1873 season and in October of that year won a gold medal from the Oregon Agricultural Society, in a competition that was the genesis for the Oregon State Fair.^[5] Salmon canning peaked in the 1880s with 39 canneries in 1883, supported by 1,700 commercial fishing boats along the Columbia River. ^[4]

West invented an automated can-filing machine and was the first on the lower Columbia River to make use of salmon waste for oil and fishmeal by-products. He also experimented with canning beef, mutton, and blackberries to keep the machinery and workers busy during the salmon off season. ^[1] West's brand label for canned foods lives on today as John West Foods of Liverpool, England, which markets canned fish, fruit, vegetables, and meat all over the world. ^[6].

"Captain" John West died in 1888 at the age of 79 and is buried in the West family plot at the Westport Cemetery.

Commemoration

An Oregon Historical Marker was erected on July 14, 2009 at Bradley State Scenic Viewpoint near Westport, Oregon commemorating John West and Wesport, Oregon. Bryan C. Aalberg, fourth great-grandson of "Captain" John West is credited with creation of the marker.

Footnotes

1. ^ ^{a b c} Aalberg & Aalberg, 2005
2. ^ ^{a b} Andrews, 1994
3. ^ Fuller & Ayre, 2009
4. ^ ^{a b} Smith, 1979
5. ^ Cunningham, 1953,
6. ^ Miller, 1958

References

• Aalberg, Bryan C & Aalberg, James C (2005) Penner, Lisa ed. "Captain John West" article in Cumtux, Clatsop County Historical Society Quarterly, Volume 25, No. 1 - Winter 2005. ISSN 1083-9216
• Andrews, Ralph W. (1994) This Was Saw Milling. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing Ldt. LCCN 93-87502
• Miller, Emma Gene. (1958) Clatsop County, Oregon - Its History, Legends and Industry. Portland, Oregon: Bindords and Mort Publishing. LCCN 57-13209
• Smith, Cortland L. (1979) Salmon Fishers of the Columbia. Corvallis, Oregon: Oregon State University Press. ISBN 0-87071-313-2
• Fuller, Tom & Ayre, Art (2009)Oregon at Work: 1859 - 2009. Portland, Oregon: Ooligan Press at Portland State University. ISBN 978-1-932010-27-5
• McArthur, Lewis A.; Lewis L. McArthur (2003)[1928]. Oregon Geographical Names (Seventh Edition ed.). Portland, Oregon: Oregon Historical Society Press. ISBN 0-87595-277-1 (trade paperback), ISBN 0-87595-278-X (hardcover).
• Cunningham, Glenn (1953) "Oregon's First Salmon Canner, 'Captain' John West" article in Oregon Historical Quarterly, Volume 54, No. 3 - Sept., 1953, pp. 240-248.

Persondata
Name	West, John
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	August 27, 1809
Place of birth	Linlithgow, Scotland
Date of death	March 21, 1888
Place of death	Westport, Oregon