Guisborough

infobox UK place

country = England
official_name= Guisborough
latitude= 54.5350
longitude= -1.0563
population = 17,190
unitary_england= Redcar and Cleveland
lieutenancy_england= North Yorkshire
region= North East England
constituency_westminster= Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland
post_town= GUISBOROUGH
postcode_district = TS14
postcode_area= TS
dial_code= 01287
os_grid_reference= NZ610159
london_distance= 255.1 mi

Guisborough (Audio|En-uk-Guisborough.ogg|pronunciation; IPA|/ˈgizbrə/) is a market town within the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England.

The civil parish of Guisborough has a population of 18,108 and includes the outlying villages of Upleatham, Dunsdale, and Newton under Roseberry as well as Guisborough itself.

History

For most of its history Guisborough was part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, from 1974 to 1996 part of the county of Cleveland and at present one of the major towns of the borough of Redcar and Cleveland. It is listed in the Domesday Book and the ruined Gisborough Priory dates back to the 12th century. The priory's name is spelt without the first U, as that was the old spelling of the town's name. Some other old sites and names use the same spelling.

Some theories date the town back to the Roman occupation of Britain, where it may have been a military fortification. There are a few Roman artifacts from the area that support this, such as an elaborate ceremonial helmet, but the theory remains unproven.

Other historic sites include Saint Nicholas' Anglican Church, home to the de Brus cenotaph and built mainly from stone taken from the priory, and Gisborough Hall, the ancestral home of Lord Gisborough, which now serves as a hotel and popular venue for wedding receptions.

The town shared in the prosperity of the industrial revolution through its proximity to the ironstone mines of the North Yorkshire Moors. One of Teesside's leading ironfounders, Sir Joseph Whitwell Pease, chose Guisborough as the site of his country seat, the Alfred Waterhouse-designed Gothic revival Hutton Hall, situated at Hutton Lowcross. This house had its own station on the erstwhile Middlesbrough-Guisborough branch of the North Eastern Railway (closed in 1964).

Extensive residential development occurred during the 1960s and 1970s with the expansion of the chemical industry (at Wilton) and the steel industry (at Redcar).

Guisborough market, held every Thursday and Saturday with a few stall attending on a Tuesday, has long been a focal point of the surrounding area. Originally selling cows and other livestock, the market has gradually developed into a hubbub of fruit and vegetable, clothes and flower stalls. The market is open from early morning to late afternoon on the recently restored cobbles that line Westgate, the principal shopping street.

Guisborough Museum, located behind Westgate's Sunnyfield House, regularly exhibits photos of Guisborough's history and inhabitants.

Education

The town is well served with primary schools, including Belmont, Galley Hill, Highcliffe, Chaloner Primary School, and St. Paulinus (Roman Catholic). Laurence Jackson school, situated at the eastern end of the town, is the only secondary school. It was recently given specialist school status, specialising in sports.

Prior Pursglove College is a sixth form college in Guisborough teaching GCSE, A level and AS level students. The college is next door to St Nicholas' Parish Church and the ruins of Guisborough Priory. It is situated on the former site of Guisborough Grammar School, which it replaced as a result of restructuring. The Grammar School was originally founded by Robert Pursglove, Prior of Guisborough Priory, as a charitable school for poor boys. Prior Pursglove merged with South Park Sixth Form College in 1997, eventually consolidating the provision on to the Guisborough campus. The college is in the process of being extended because of the amalgamation with Askham Bryan College of Agriculture, providing state of the art facilities.

The secondary school of laurence jackson school is celebrating its 50th birthday this year.

Askham Bryan College of Agriculture has a site within the college of Prior Pursglove.

Access

Two main roads cross at Guisborough, the A171 and the A173. The A171 leads west to Middlesbrough and east to Whitby whilst the A173 goes south-west to Stokesley and north-east as far as Skelton where it joins the A174 coast road. Before the bypass was built, traffic on both of these had to pass through Westgate, the town's main street. Just outside the bypass to the north-east, a B-road heads north from the A173 to Redcar. Another minor route out of the town, Wilton Lane, is a very windy almost single-track which leads north to the small village of Wilton, whence one can either join the A174 or continue onto the ICI Wilton chemical works. As well as these, there are two lanes that lead out of town into the hills; Hutton Lane which ends at Hutton Village, a tiny settlement built mostly for local mining, agricultural and estate workers, and Belmangate an ancient funeral route.

Until 1964, Guisborough was also served by trains from Middlesbrough; the Middlesbrough & Guisborough Railway had its terminus at the now-vanished Guisborough station. Prior to 1958 it was even possible to travel all the way to Whitby and Scarborough along the highly scenic North Yorkshire coast railway.

For those travelling on foot, the south of the town is bounded by the North York Moors National Park. Guisborough Forest, which is Forestry Commission land, clothes the edge of the moors. Through the forest, the ground rises sharply, climbing from the plain below to the height of the moors behind. There are several rocky outcrops on this steep slope, including Highcliff Nab and the Hanging Stone. The woods are crossed by several rights-of-way, including the Cleveland Way, though other paths and commission tracks are considered fair game for walkers. Beyond the woods, the ground levels out to form Gisborough Moor.

Economy

The two main employers in the town used to be "The Shirt Factory" - towards the end of its working life this clothing factory was acquired by Montague Burton of Leeds - and the Blackett Hutton steel works.

There are no longer any large employers in the town: Guisborough has become a commuter town for nearby Middlesbrough, with many people working in the chemical plants that are located around Teesside.

On 15 January 2004, Guisborough was granted Fairtrade Town status.

ports and recreation

Guisborough has a King George's Field in memoriam to King George V, and the town's football team Guisborough Town FC plays on the King George V Ground, adjacent to the playing fields. The Rugby Union Football club play in Durham/Northumberland II Division of the Northern Section of the leagues. Guisborough Cricket Club who play in the North Yorkshire South Durham Premier league in 2001 - 2004 won the league to equal the record of four succesive league wins in a row. Guisborough have also had professionals the likes of Murray Goodwin, (sussex and former Zimbabwe international) Desmond Haynes and Phil Simmons who were both West Indian Internationals at the time. Other Pro's include Imran Jan(Trinidad & Tobago), Sean Clingeleffer (Tasmania) and Greg Todd (Otago).

People from Guisborough

*Bob Champion, the jockey who rode to triumph in the 1981 Grand National, despite having recently been diagnosed as having cancer
*Footballer Sean Gregan
*Former BBC news editor Rod Liddle
*Former newsreader and "The Clothes Show" presenter Selina Scott. In her teenage years she was head girl at Laurence Jackson School
* Mark Benton, actor
* Paul "Cro" Cronin, guitarist in rock group Ivyrise
*Mark Lowdon, sports journalist, writer for the FIFA website and Brazilian football expert
*Lord and Lady Gisborough
*Robert de Brus (died 1142) was an early 12th century Norman baron and knight, responsible for founding the Bruce dynasty of Britain.
*Cricketer John Bulmer
*Richard Milward, author of critically acclaimed book "Apples"
*British Athlete William Applegarth
*Thomas Dent, Sr Justice, Sheriff, and member of the Lower House of the General Assembly
*Ralph Gaudie an English footballer
*Thomas Ward (1652-1708) was an English author who converted to Catholicism
*Mark Robinson (born July 24, 1981) is an English footballer, currently playing for York City
*Alan Ramage cricketer
*Joseph Whitehead was a Canadian railway pioneer and political figure

References

External links

* [http://www.laurencejacksonschool.net/ Laurence Jackson School]
* [http://www.pursglove.ac.uk/ Prior Pursglove College]