Topic outline of linguistics

Topic outline of linguistics

:"For a more comprehensive list, see the List of linguistics topics."

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. Someone who engages in this study is called a linguist. Linguistics can be theoretical or applied.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to linguistics:

Essence of linguistics

: "Main article: Linguistics"

Branches of linguistics

* Theoretical linguistics
* Applied linguistics

Subfields of linguistics

* Computational linguistics
* Comparative linguistics
* Dialectology
* Etymology
* Grammar
* Historical linguistics
* Interlinguistics
* Language didactics
* Lexicology
* Linguistic statistics
* Linguistic typology
* Morphology
* Phonetics
* Phonology
* Pragmatics
* Psycholinguistics
* Semantics
* Sociolinguistics

Schools, movements, and approaches of linguistics

* Cognitive linguistics
* Danish School
* Functionalism
* Generative linguistics
* Geneva School
* Neo-Grammarians
* Prague School
* Prescription and description
* Soviet linguistics
* Stratificational linguistics
* Structuralism
* Systemic linguistics
* SIL International
* [http://personal.bgsu.edu/~edwards/tags.html Tagmemics]

History of linguistics

: "Main article: History of linguistics"

Timeline of discovery of basic linguistics concepts

"When were the basic concepts first described and by whom?"
*
* Ancient Greek study of language
* Roman elaborations of Greek study
* Medieval philosophical work in Latin
* Beginnings of modern linguistics in the 19th century
* Behaviorism and mental "tabula rasa" hypothesis
* Chomsky and functionalism
* Generative grammar leads to generative phonology and semantics
* Birth of Nicaraguan Sign Language
* Alternate syntactic systems develop in 80s
* Computational linguistics becomes feasible the late 80s
* Neurolinguistics and the biological basis of cognition
* Controversy over Pirahã number conception

Basic questions in linguistics

"What are the basic questions asked in linguistics?"
# What is language?
# How did it/does it evolve?
# How does language serve as a medium of communication?
# How does language serve as a medium of thinking?
# What is common to all languages?
# How do languages differ?
# Is X a language or a dialect?

(The answers are not necessarily basic or easy to understand.)

Basic concepts

"What basic concepts / terms do I have to know to talk about linguistics?"
* Morphology
** morpheme, inflection, paradigm, derivation, compound
* Phonology
** phoneme, segment, syllable, foot, stress
* Grammar
** tense, aspect, grammatical number, grammatical gender, declension
* Syntax
** phrase, clause, grammatical function, grammatical voice
* Semantics
** entailment, truth condition, compositionality
* Pragmatics
** presupposition, implicature, deixis

Languages of the world

Languages by country

Linguistics scholars

"People who had a significant influence on the development of the field"
* Benjamin Lee Whorf
* Claude Levi-Strauss
* Edward Sapir
* Ferdinand de Saussure
* Franz Bopp
* August Schleicher
* John Langshaw Austin
* John R. Searle
* Louis Hjelmslev
* Kenneth L. Pike
* M.A.K. Halliday
* Noam Chomsky
*
* Rasmus Rask
* Roman Jakobson
* Sir William Jones
* Noah Webster

Linguistics lists

: "Main article: List of linguistics topics"

See also

* Number of words in English

External links

* [http://www.glottopedia.org Glottopedia, MediaWiki-based encyclopedia of linguistics, under construction]
* [http://www.lsadc.org/info/ling-fields.cfm Subfields according to the Linguistic Society of America]
* [http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/index.htm Glossary of linguistic terms] and [http://www.sil.org/linguistics/glossary_fe/ French<->English glossary] at SIL International
* [http://www.unizar.es/departamentos/filologia_inglesa/garciala/bibliography.html "Linguistics" section] of A Bibliography of Literary Theory, Criticism and Philology, ed. J. A. García Landa (University of Zaragoza, Spain)
* Linguistics and language-related wiki articles on [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Language Scholarpedia] and [http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Linguistics Citizendium]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Topic outline of communication — Communication is the process of generation, transmission, or reception of messages to oneself or another entity, usually via a mutually understood set of signs. The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to communication …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of history — The list of basic history topics includes various historical topics and other collected sets of information about the past. When used as the name of a field of study, history refers to the study and interpretation of the record of humans,… …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of science — For a more comprehensive list, see the List of science topics. Science in the broadest sense refers to any system of objective knowledge. In a more restricted sense, science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on the scientific method …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of community — For a more comprehensive list, see the List of community topics. A community is a group of people who interact and share certain things as a group. Many factors may affect the identity of the participants and their degree of adhesion, such as… …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of robotics — Robotics is the science and technology of designing, making, and applying robots, including theory from many contributing fields. A robot is a mechanical or virtual, artificial . It is usually an electromechanical system, which, by its appearance …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of forensics — For a more comprehensive list, see the List of forensics topics. Forensic science) is the application of a broad spectrum of sciences to answer questions of interest to the legal system. This may be in relation to a crime or to a civil action.… …   Wikipedia

  • Outline of history — History articles Alphabetical index: 0 9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Outline  |  Portal  |  Timelines  |  Category The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to… …   Wikipedia

  • Copula (linguistics) — To be redirects here. For the song, see To Be. For to be, or not to be , see To be, or not to be. In linguistics, a copula (plural: copulae or copulas) is a word used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement). The… …   Wikipedia

  • Language — This article is about the properties of language in general. For other uses, see Language (disambiguation). Cuneiform is one of the first known forms of written language, but spoken language is believed to predate writing by tens of thousands of… …   Wikipedia

  • Afghanistan — Islamic Republic of Afghanistan جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان Jomhūrī ye Eslāmī ye Afġānistān (Persian) د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت Da Afġānistān Islāmī Jomhoriyat …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”