Negativland

This article is about the band. For the album, see Negativland (album). For the Neu! song, see Neu! (album).

Negativland
Background information
Origin	Contra Costa County, CA, USA
Genres	Experimental Sound collage Alternative Industrial
Years active	1979 to present
Labels	Seeland SST Lumberjack Mordam Distribution
Website	negativland.com
Members
Mark Hosler (1979-present) Don Joyce (1983-present) Richard Lyons (1979-present) David "The Weatherman" Wills (1979-present) Peter Conheim (1996-present) Tim Maloney (2005-present) Tom Koch Stukke and Stakke Jonathan Land (1996-present)
Past members
Ian Allen (1981-1987) Chris Grigg (1983-1996) Joan (1979-1980) Peter Dayton (1979-1980)

Negativland is an experimental music and sound collage band which originated in the San Francisco Bay Area in the late 1970s. They took their name from a Neu! song,^[1] while their record label is named after another Neu! song. The current core of the band consists of Mark Hosler, Richard Lyons, Don Joyce, David Wills, and Peter Conheim.

Negativland has released a number of albums ranging from pure sound collage to more musical expositions. These have mostly been released on their own label, Seeland Records. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, they produced several recordings for SST Records, most notably Escape from Noise, Helter Stupid, and U2. Negativland became involved in a lawsuit with U2's record label, Island Records, which brought them widespread publicity and notoriety.

History

1980s

Negativland started in Concord, California, in 1979 around the core founding members of Lyons and Hosler (who were in high school at the time), and released an eponymous debut in 1980.

A number of releases followed in the early 1980s, but it wasn't until after the release of their breakthrough sample and cut-up sonic barrage Escape from Noise in 1987 that Negativland gained wider attention. Vinyl copies of the album came with "CAR BOMB" bumper stickers, in reference to the album's song "Car Bomb".

Following the somewhat unexpected success of this album, Negativland faced the prospect of going on a money-losing tour. To prevent this, they created a press release which said Negativland were prevented from touring by “Federal Authority Dick Jordan" due to claims that Negativland's song "Christianity Is Stupid" had inspired David Brom to kill his family. The press release went on to denounce the purported connection between Negativland and the murders. While Brom had in fact argued with his father about music shortly before Brom killed his family, no one had ever claimed that Brom was spurred to murder by Negativland's music. The claim that Brom's crimes were inspired by Negativland was disseminated and discussed in the mass media, seemingly with little to no fact-checking.^[2] Soon the world was informed of the "Killer Song" that caused a kid to murder his parents with an ax.

The scandal became the foundation for Negativland's next release, Helter Stupid, which featured a cover photo of TV news anchorman Dave McElhatton intoning the Brom murder story, with the news station's caption "Killer Song" above his head, and a photo of the ax murderer.

The U2 record incident

Negativland's next project was the U2 EP, with samples from American Top 40 host Casey Kasem. In 1991, Negativland released a single with the title "U2" displayed in very large type on the front of the packaging, and "Negativland" in a smaller typeface. An image of the Lockheed U-2 spy plane was also on the single cover.

The songs within were parodies of the group U2's well-known 1987 song, "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For", including kazoos and extensive sampling of the original song. The song "The Letter U And The Numeral 2" features a musical backing to an extended profane rant from well-known disc jockey Casey Kasem, lapsing out of his more polished and professional tone during a frustrating rehearsal which had gone out to many stations as raw feed and was taped by several engineers, who had been passing it around for a number of years. One of Kasem's milder comments was "These guys are from England and who gives a shit?" (U2 was actually formed in Ireland.)

U2's label Island Records quickly sued Negativland, claiming that placing the word "U2" on the cover violated trademark law, as did the song itself. Island Records also contended that the single was an attempt to deliberately confuse U2 fans, awaiting the impending release of Achtung Baby, into purchasing what they believed was a new U2 album called Negativland.

In June 1992, R. U. Sirius, publisher of the magazine Mondo 2000, came up with an interesting idea. Publicists from U2 had contacted him regarding the possibility of interviewing Dave "The Edge" Evans, hoping to promote U2's impending multi-million dollar Zoo TV Tour, which featured found sounds and live sampling from mass media outlets (things for which Negativland had been known for some time). Sirius, unbeknownst to Edge, decided to have his friends Joyce and Hosler of Negativland conduct the interview. Joyce and Hosler, fresh from Island's lawsuit, peppered the Edge with questions regarding his ideas about the use of sampling in their new tour, and the legality of using copyrighted material without permission. Midway through the interview, Joyce and Hosler revealed their identities as members of Negativland. An embarrassed Edge reported that U2 were bothered by the sledgehammer legal approach Island Records took in their lawsuit, and furthermore that much of the legal wrangling took place without U2's knowledge: "by the time we [U2] realized what was going on it was kinda too late, and we actually did approach the record company on your [Negativland's] behalf and said, 'Look, c'mon, this is just, this is very heavy...'" Island Records reported to Negativland that U2 never authorized samples of their material; Evans' response was, "that's complete bollocks, there's like, there's at least six records out there that are direct samples from our stuff." ^[3]

In August 2007, Don Joyce of Negativland provided an audio cassette copy of the original Mondo 2000 interview with Dave "The Edge" Evans to the U2 fan website U2Interview.com. The interview is freely available from this website.^[4]

The "U2" single (along with other related material) was re-released in 2001 on a "bootleg" album entitled These Guys Are from England and Who Gives a Shit, released on "Seelard Records" (a parody of Negativland's record label Seeland Records). Negativland may have themselves been responsible for the re-release with U2 giving their blessing; although the Negativland website refers to this release as a bootleg, it is available from major retailers like Best Buy, Amazon, and Tower Records, as well as Negativland's own mail-order business.

Negativland are interested in intellectual property rights, and argue that their use of U2's and others' material falls under the fair use clause. In 1995, they released a book, with accompanying CD, called Fair Use: The Story of the Letter U and the Numeral 2, about the whole U2 incident (from Island Records first suing Negativland for the release to Negativland gaining back control of their work four years later). The book ends with a large appendix of essays about fair use and copyright by Negativland and others, telling the story with newspaper clippings, court papers, faxes, press releases and other documents arranged in chronological order. An unfortunate side effect of the Negativland-Island lawsuit was another one brought on between Negativland and SST, which served to sever all remaining ties the two had. To get back at Negativland (while wryly circumventing their name), SST founder Greg Ginn later released the Negativ(e)land: Live on Tour album on SST.

Negativland were the main subjects of Craig Baldwin's documentary Sonic Outlaws, detailing the use of culture jamming to subvert the messages of more traditional media outlets. They also made an appearance in Brett Gaylor's 2009 copyright issue documentary, RiP: A Remix Manifesto.

ABCs and Teletubbies

In 1999 Negativland collaborated with UK anarchist band Chumbawamba to produce the EP The ABCs of Anarchism, which is largely based around the writings of Alexander Berkman and cut-up versions of Chumbawamba's hit song "Tubthumping", the theme tune to the children's program Teletubbies and the Sex Pistols' "Anarchy in the UK".

Recent developments

In 2003, members of Negativland contributed their efforts to Creative Commons, a non-profit organization devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to legally build upon and share by providing alternative copyright licenses. In August of that year, Negativland spoofed Clear Channel radio stations in an audio track broadcast by pirate radio broadcasters jamming a Seattle Clear Channel station while the National Association of Broadcasters met in the city.^[5]

Member Don Joyce has long hosted a weekly radio show called Over the Edge most Thursdays at midnight on KPFA. Recordings of some noteworthy episodes of the show have been released by Seeland in its Over the Edge series.

In September 2005, to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the band, Negativland curated an art exhibit in Manhattan's Gigantic Artspace gallery.^[6] The exhibit, Negativlandland, included a number of pieces of artwork from and inspired by Negativland recordings, video projection of music videos created by the band and others, and some artwork created specifically for the show, such as an animatronic Abraham Lincoln figure (inspired by the band's Lincoln cut-up piece God Bull) and a hands-on exhibit featuring the Booper, the audio-processing unit that band member David Wills (a.k.a. The Weatherman) assembled out of old radio parts. The show appeared in Minneapolis on May 12, 2006, at Creative Electric Studios.

Discography

Albums

• Negativland (1980)
• Points (1981)
• A Big 10-8 Place (1983)
• Escape from Noise (1987)
• Helter Stupid (1989)
• Free (1993)
• Fair Use: The Story of the Letter U and the Numeral 2 (1995)
• Dispepsi (1997)
• These Guys Are from England and Who Gives a Shit (2001)
• Deathsentences of the Polished and Structurally Weak (2002)
• No Business (2005)
• Thigmotactic (2008)

Videos

• No Other Possibility (1989; re-released in 2008 with A Big 10-8 Place)
• Our Favorite Things (2007)

Over the Edge radio series

(CDs edited from Negativland's weekly live radio show)

• Over the Edge Vol. 1: JAMCON'84 (1985)
• Over the Edge Vol. 1½: The Starting Line with Dick Goodbody (1985, partial reissue in 1995)
• Over the Edge Vol. 2: Pastor Dick: Muriel's Purse Fund (1989)
• Over the Edge Vol. 3: The Weatherman's Dumb Stupid Come-Out Line (1990)
• Over the Edge Vol. 4: Dick Vaughn's Moribund Music of the '70s (1990, expanded reissue in 2001)
• Over the Edge Vol. 5: Crosley Bendix: The Radio Reviews (1993)
• Over the Edge Vol. 6: The Willsaphone Stupid Show (1994)
• Over the Edge Vol. 7: Time Zones Exchange Project (1994)
• Over the Edge Vol. 8: Sex Dirt (1995)
• It's All in Your Head FM: Over the Edge Live on Stage (2006)

EPs

• U2 (1991)
• Guns (1992)
• The Letter U and the Numeral 2 (1992)
• Truth in Advertising (1997) (See also: Dispepsi)
• Happy Heroes (1998)
• The ABCs of Anarchism (1999) (Together with Chumbawamba)

Live albums

• Negativconcertland (1993)
• Negativ(e)land: Live on Tour (1997)

See also

• Culture jamming
• Fair use

References

1. ^ allmusic
2. ^ Helter Stupid: 20 years later.
3. ^ "Negativland Interviews U2's The Edge". Negativland.com. http://www.negativland.com/news/?page_id=19. Retrieved 2011-06-24. 
4. ^ "Negativland And The Edge". U2Interview.com. http://www.u2interview.com/negativland-mondo-2000-interview/. Retrieved 24 June 2011. 
5. ^ "News Archive: August 2003". Diymedia.net. http://www.diymedia.net/archive/0803.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-31. 
6. ^ "gigantic artspace". gigantic artspace. http://www.giganticartspace.com/. Retrieved 2010-08-31. 

External links

• NegativWorldWideWebland (official website)
• Negativland - Past, Present, Future mp3 of Mark Hosler's talk at H2K2 in 2002
• KJR Culture Jam Audio produced by Negativland for the 2003 Clear Channel protest in Seattle
• Mark Hosler discusses with a manager for REM how he sent the controversial album to U2 implying that U2 may have lied about knowing nothing about the album or lawsuit

Interviews

• Art and Commodity Capitalism Interview with Mark Hosler, Plazm Magazine (1996)
• Radio Feature, The Some Assembly Required Interview with Negativland's Mark Hosler (2004)
• Radio Feature, The Some Assembly Required Interview with Negativland's Don Joyce (2001)
• Interview with Don Joyce at Kurt Weller's Plaza of the Mind