HLA-DPA1

protein
Name = major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1
caption =


width =
HGNCid = 4938
Symbol = HLA-DPA1
AltSymbols = HLA-DP1A
EntrezGene = 3113
OMIM = 142880
RefSeq = NM_033554
UniProt = P20036
PDB =
ECnumber =
Chromosome = 6
Arm = p
Band = 21.3
LocusSupplementaryData =

Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1, also known as HLA-DPA1, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HLA-DPA1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3113| accessdate = ]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DPA) and a beta chain (DPB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).

Gene struture and polymorphisms

The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa. It is encoded by 5 exons, exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DP molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules.

ee also

* Major histocompatibility complex
* Human leukocyte antigen
* HLA-DP

References