Mary Rosse

Mary Rosse, Countess of Rosse (née Mary Field) (1813-1885), was a British amateur astronomer and pioneering photographer. She was one of the early practitioners of making photographs from waxed-paper negatives.^[1]

Life

Rosse was born in Yorkshire, England, in 1813, the daughter of John Wilmer Field, a wealthy estate owner. Through her family she met William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse, and they were married on 14 April 1836. In the early 1840s the couple became interested in astronomy, and she helped her husband build a giant telescope that was considered a technological marvel in its time.^[2] She was an accomplished blacksmith, which was very unusual for higher class women of this time, and much of the iron work that supported the telescope was constructed by her. During the Great Famine of 1845-47, she was responsible for keeping over five hundred men employed in work in and around Birr Castle where she and her husband lived.

The Countess of Rosse gave birth to eleven children, but only four survived until adulthood:

• Lawrence Parsons, 4th Earl of Rosse (17 November 1840 – 30 August 1908)
• Reverend Randal Parsons (26 April 1848 – 15 November 1936)
• Hon. Richard Clere Parsons (21 February 1851 – 26 January 1923), apparently made a name for himself building railways in South America.
• Sir Charles Algernon Parsons (13 June 1854 – 11 February 1931), known for his commercial development of the steam turbine.

The Countess of Rosse died in 1885.

Photography

In 1842 William began experimenting in daguerreotype photography, possibly learning some of the art from his acquaintance William Henry Fox Talbot. In 1854 Lord Rosse wrote to Fox Talbot saying that Lady Rosse too had just commenced photography, and he sent some examples of her work. Fox Talbot replied that some of her photographs of the telescope "are all that can be desired". Lady Rosse was a member of the Dublin Photographic Society and received a silver medal for "best paper negative" from the Photographic Society of Ireland in 1859. Fox Talbot was reportedly very impressed with her work, especially her close-ups of the telescope. Many examples of her photography are in the Birr Castle Archives.^[3] Her work has unusual significance because most of the scenes of Birr Castle that she portrayed have been very little changed since, and it is possible to directly compare many of her original photographs with the actual places.

Notes

1. ^ For more on waxed-paper negatives, see John Towler, "Negatives on Paper", chap. 29 of The Silver Sunbeam (New York: Joseph H. Ladd, 1864).
2. ^ "Birr Castle Desme - History of the Telescopes". http://www.birrcastle.com/telescopeHistory.asp. Retrieved 2009-01-05. ^{[dead link]}
3. ^ "Birr Castle Desme - Mary Rosse and Photography". http://www.birrcastle.com/maryRosse.asp. Retrieved 2009-01-05. ^{[dead link]}

References

Taylor, Roger. Impressed by Light: British Photographs from Paper Negatives, 1840–1860. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007. ISBN 978-0300-12405-7.

External links

• Birr Castle Demesne, Voyage of Discovery
• Great Irish Women, Part 4: Mary Field Rosse

Persondata
Name	Rosse, Mary
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1813
Place of birth
Date of death	1885
Place of death