List of terms for ethnic exogroups

An ethnic exogroup is a group of people which does not belong to a particular ethnic group. Many cultures have terms referring to all outsiders, but in practice this often becomes narrowed to the largest outsider group. In particular, exogroup terms used by minorities in a particular country often become specific to the majority in that country rather than applying to other minorities as well. Exogroup terms are sometimes considered to be derogatory, depending on the word and the context and manner in which it is used. They may be distinguished from ethnic or religious slurs in that they do not necessarily designate a specific group, and instead target all who do not belong to a specific group.

A

;Ajam(Arabic;عجم) A traditional term for non-Arabs (literally as those who cannot speak, or cannot be understood), often specifically applied to Persians. Derogatory implications depend on context.

;AllochtoonA Dutch term (from the Greek ἀλλος-allos) that literally means 'originating from another country'. Refers to both immigrants and their descendants. Officially refers to any person with at least one immigrant parent. Not usually considered offensive. [ [http://dwotd.web-log.nl/dutch_word_of_the_day/2008/02/354_allochtoon.html Dutch word of the day: 354. Allochtoon ] ]

F

;Farang (Thai) - A generic term for foreigner, typically used to refer to those of European ancestry, but also Black Africans, and can be used to refer to plants or animals that are foreign in origin. [ [http://baheyeldin.com/linguistics/thai-word-farang-variations-in-other-languages-arabic-origin.html The Thai word "Farang", its variations in other languages, and its Arabic origin | The Baheyeldin Dynasty ] ] May be derogatory depending on context.

;FarangiA Persian term for foreigner. The word may derive from "Franks". May have derogatory connotations.

G

;Gaijin (Japanese-外人) - Literally a term for foreigner, usually used in context to refer someone who is ethnically not Japanese. Considered politically incorrect and sometimes derogatory by those it refers too. However, in the Japanese mind set it just means foreigner with no derogatory intentions. The politically correct term for a foreigner is “Gaigokujin”. It is rarely used by the Japanese in reference to foreigners in conversation or the media. In fact the word Gaijin is still something that most parents would use freely and teach their children to use from an early age. Most foreigners would not have even heard the word "Gaigokujin" but would relate to themselves as being Gaijin as it is the first word they learn the most heard throughout their stay in Japan. [ [http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Gaijin_-_Political_correctness/id/5072394 Gaijin: Encyclopedia II - Gaijin - Political correctness ] ]

;GentileIn the King James and other translations of the Bible and elsewhere, the term Gentile is used to denote non-Jewish people. The word often has the more narrow meaning of 'Christian'.

;Giaour (Turkish - "gâvur") Also spelled Ghiaour or Gavur, a generic term for a non-Muslim or non-Turk, often used specifically for Christians, particularly the local Greeks and Armenians. Modern use is widespread, and not always considered derogatory.

;Goy(Hebrew גוי, plural "goyim" גויים) - A term for a Gentile or non-Jew. The exact meaning and pejorative implications of the term are heavily debated. [ [http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=561512128 goy definition - Dictionary - MSN Encarta ] ] [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/1/G0210100.html goy. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000 ] ] While still used in Yiddish and Hebrew as a synonym for gentile, the word is now often avoided.

;Gringo (Spanish; Gringo feminine, gringa) A Spanish and Portuguese term used to refer to foreigners in Latin American countries, typically used to refer to those from English-speaking countries. It can be used, depending on country of origin, to mean any non-Spanish speaker, an Anglo-Saxon person, a light-haired or light skinned person, or a non-Iberian European. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/25/G0272500.html gringo. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000 ] ]

H

;Haole (Hawaiian, pronounced: How-leh) A universal term for foreigner, can be used for people, plants or animals that are non-Hawaiian in origin. The phrase has been linked to anti-foreigner hate crimes in Hawaii. [ [http://starbulletin.com/1999/03/24/news/story7.html Honolulu Star-Bulletin Local News ] ]

;HeathenRefers to those who follow no religion, or those who are polytheistic, aministic or shamanic. It is usually considered pejorative.

K

;Kafir (Arabic, كافر kāfir; plural كفّار kuffār) An non-Muslim or infidel, may include People of the Book depending on context. In Islamic sharia doctrine, Kafir are divided into dhimmi, harbi and musta'min. May be considered derogatory in modern usage. [ [http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-AAbout_Islam/AskAboutIslamE/AskAboutIslamE&cid=1123996016352 Defining the Kafirs (Infidels)? - Reading Islam.com - Ask About Islam ] ]

M

;Mawali (Arabic,موالي) - A classical term for a non-Arab Muslim. Fell out of use after the Abbasid revolution. [ [http://www.princeton.edu/~batke/itl/denise/mawali.htm Mawali ] ]

P

;Palagi(Samoan, pronounced Palangi) - A term used throughout the South Pacific to refer to (typically Caucasian) non-Polynesian foreigners. [ [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/arts/ling/stories/s204798.htm Lingua Franca - 28/10/2000: Papalagi ] ]

;Pākehā (Maori) - A Maori term for non-Polynesians living in New Zealand, usually used for those of European descent specifically, though also used for non-Maori in general. In its narrower definition, acceptance of the term varies amongst those it describes. It is commonly used by a range of journalists and columnists from the "New Zealand Herald", New Zealand's largest-circulation daily newspaper. [These include Garth George, a conservative Pakeha columnist, [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10519636] Rawiri Taonui, a somewhat radical Maori academic [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10519635] and John Armstrong, a mainstream political columnist. [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/category/story.cfm?c_id=72&objectid=10518751&pnum=0] ] Historian Judith Binney calls herself a Pākehā and says, "I think it is the most simple and practical term. It is a name given to us by Māori. It has no pejorative associations like people think it does—it's a descriptive term. I think it's nice to have a name the people who live here gave you, because that's what I am". [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10331290 It's history, but not as we know it] , Interview with Judith Binney, "New Zealand Herald", 18 June 2005.] However some people object to the term, considering it to be racist or otherwise offensive. [Misa, Tapu. " [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10371473 Ethnic Census status tells the whole truth] ", "New Zealand Herald", 8 March 2006.] It was dropped as a descriptive term from the 2001 census because of potential offence. [" [http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/1/story.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=176507 Census poses a $38m question] ", "New Zealand Herald", 10 March 2001.]

ee also

*List of religious slurs
*List of ethnic slurs

References