Chelone (plant)

Chelone (plant)
Chelone
Chelone glabra
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Plantaginaceae
Genus: Chelone
Genera

C. cuthbertii
C. glabra
C. lyonii
C. obliqua
Chelone lyonii
Chelone obiqua

Chelone is a genus of four[1] species of perennial herbaceous plants native to eastern North America.[1][2] They all have similarly shaped flowers (which lead to the name turtlehead due to their resemblance to the head of a turtle), which vary in color from white to red, purple or pink.[1] C. cuthbertii, C. glabra, and C. lyonii are diploid and C. obliqua is either tetraploid or hexaploid.[1]

Relationships to other plants

The closest relatives of Chelone are Chionophila and Nothochelone from western North America.[1] It is also more closely related to Collinsia than to other members of the family such as snapdragons, plantains, and foxglove.[3]

Species

C. glabra is the most widely distributed species of the genus: from Georgia to Newfoundland and from Mississippi to Manitoba;[4] the other three are found in more restricted areas.

C. lyonii is found in the Blue Ridge of Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina.[1]

C. cuthbertii is found in two areas: the Blue Ridge of North Carolina and the coastal plain of Virginia.[1]

C. obliqua is found as tetraploids in the Blue Ridge, or hexaploids in two areas: Tennessee to Arkansas and Michigan, or the Atlantic coastal plain from South Carolina to Maryland.[1]

The relationship between the different populations is complicated and it appears that C. obliqua in fact has arisen several times from diploid ancestors of the other three species.[1] The four species seem to have diverged recently.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Allan D. Nelson and Wayne J. Elisens (1999). "Polyploid evolution and biogeography in Chelone (Scrophulariaceae): morphological and isozyme evidence". American Journal of Botany (Botanical Society of America) 86 (10): 1487–1501. doi:10.2307/2656929. JSTOR 2656929. PMID 10523288. http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/86/10/1487. 
  2. ^ "Chelone L.". http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CHELO. 
  3. ^ Olmstead, R. G., dePamphilis, C. W., Wolfe, A. D., Young, N. D., Elisons, W. J. & Reeves P. A. (2001). "Disintegration of the Scrophulariaceae". American Journal of Botany (Botanical Society of America) 88 (2): 348–361. doi:10.2307/2657024. JSTOR 2657024. PMID 11222255. http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/88/2/348. 
  4. ^ "Chelone glabra". PLANTS. http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CHGL2. 

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Chelone — may refer to: Chelone (plant), commonly known as turtleheads Chelone (Greek mythology) This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish …   Wikipedia

  • Chelone glabra — white turtlehead Flowers Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae …   Wikipedia

  • Chelone — noun herbaceous perennials: shellflower • Syn: ↑genus Chelone • Hypernyms: ↑asterid dicot genus • Member Holonyms: ↑Scrophulariaceae, ↑family Scrophulariaceae, ↑ …   Useful english dictionary

  • Chelone glabra — noun showy perennial of marshlands of eastern and central North America having waxy lanceolate leaves and flower with lower part creamy white and upper parts pale pink to deep purple • Syn: ↑shellflower, ↑shell flower, ↑turtlehead, ↑snakehead,… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Chelone — ID 18135 Symbol Key CHELO Common Name turtlehead Family Scrophulariaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity N/A US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, NH, NJ,… …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chelone cuthbertii — ID 18136 Symbol Key CHCU5 Common Name Cuthbert s turtlehead Family Scrophulariaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution GA, NC, SC, VA Growth Habit Forb/herb …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chelone glabra — ID 18138 Symbol Key CHGL2 Common Name white turtlehead Family Scrophulariaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chelone lyonii — ID 18148 Symbol Key CHLY2 Common Name pink turtlehead Family Scrophulariaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, CT, MA, ME, MS, NC, NY, SC, TN, VA, WV Growth Habit Forb/herb …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chelone obliqua — ID 18149 Symbol Key CHOB3 Common Name red turtlehead Family Scrophulariaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, AR, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, SC, TN,… …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Chelone obliqua var. erwiniae — ID 18150 Symbol Key CHOBE Common Name Erwin s red turtlehead Family Scrophulariaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Native to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution NC, SC Growth Habit Forb/herb …   USDA Plant Characteristics

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