Third World Socialism

Third World Socialism was a variant of Socialism preached by Nyerere, al-Bitar, Aflaq, Nasser, Nehru, Ben-Gurion [cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/transcript.html#2_5|title=Heaven on Earth. The Film: Transcript - Revolutions: The Kibbutz|acess date=2005

"The first two Prime Ministers were kibbutz members." That proves they were zionist utopian socialists in the half-fabian socialist tradition of Third World Socialism.] , Muammar al-Gaddafi, Zulfikar Bhutto, Buddhadasa and other such socialist leaders of the Third World who saw a non-soviet/non-communist version of socialism as the answer to a strong and developed nation.

It may be described as an ideologically specific form of third worldism, and it is made up of African Socialism, Arab Socialism, Nasserism, Nehruism, Labour Zionism [cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/transcript.html#2_6|title=Heaven on Earth. The Film: Transcript - Revolutions: Julius Nyerere & Third World Socialism|acess date=2005 "Much was unique about the Jewish state. But in choosing socialism as its strategy for development, Israel was part of a swelling tide. For the nations reaching for independence in the aftermath of World War II, state planning was held out as the quickest path to prosperity."] , Islamic Socialism (although Gaddafi's version was obviously soviet-aligned and Bhutto's was western-aligned and resembled, allied and inspired itself in democratic socialism/social democracy and had membership in the Socialist International) and Buddhist socialism. Kemalism can arguably be added to the listFact|date=September 2008, as it happeared before the notion of Third World was created in post-WWII, it added populism to the equation, and Turkey is a bit more developed than the typical notion of a Third World Country. But as it was used as a model of government after the Turkish Independence War to rebuild Turkey and recover it from the underdeveloppement of Ottoman Turkey, creating a strong nation in face of the prospect of European Colonialism, it can be considered as reaching the templates of a Third World Socialism movement. Anyway, the Kemalist experiment, fabian socialism (and social democracy in general [cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/resources/hoe_prologue.txt|title=Changing Faiths - From the Prologue of Heaven on Earth|acess date=2002 "This was a hybrid of communism and social democracy, exemplified by Julius Nyerere’s Tanzania, and modeled partly after Chinese Maoism, partly after British Fabianism."] and the main Third World Communist regime, China [cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/resources/hoe_prologue.txt|title=Changing Faiths - From the Prologue of Heaven on Earth|acess date=2002 "This was a hybrid of communism and social democracy, exemplified by Julius Nyerere’s Tanzania, and modeled partly after Chinese Maoism, partly after British Fabianism."] , were big influences on the movement. Iran experienced a short Third World Socialism period under the rise of the Tudeh Party after the abdication of the Sha. After failing to reach power, Mossadegh's populist semi-socialist soviet-aligned Iranian nationalism of the National Front party replaced Third World Socialism as the main anti-monarchy force in Iran, reaching power (1949 - 1953), and it remained with that strength even in opposition (after the overthrowning of Mossadegh) until the rise of islamism and the Islamic Revolution. cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2267/is_2_67/ai_63787340/pg_20|title=The End of Islamic Ideology - Iran|author=Dabashi, Hamid|acess date=2008-3-6] The Tudeh has moved towards basic socialist communism since cite web|url=http://www.tudehpartyiran.org/history.htm|title=Brief History of the Tudeh Party of Iran|author=Omidvar, M.|acess date=2008-3-6] .

List of Third World Socialist Countries

AFRICA

* Angola, 1975–1990/91
* Benin, 1972–1989
* Burkina Faso, 1983–1987
* Burundi, 1966–1993
* Cape Verde, 1975–1991
* Congo, 1963–1991
* Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire), 1970–1991Fact|date=September 2008
* Equatorial Guinea, 1968–1979
* Eritrea, 1993–present
* Ethiopia, 1974–1991
* Ghana, 1957–1966
* Guinea, 1958–1984
* Guinea-Bissau, 1974–1991
* Kenya, 1965–1991 Fact|date=September 2008
* Madagascar, 1975–1992
* Mali, 1960–1968, 1974–1992
* Mauritius, 1982–1993
* Mozambique, 1975–1990
* Namibia, 1989–presentFact|date=September 2008
* Rwanda, 1975–1991
* Sao Tome and Principe, 1975–1990
* Senegal, 1952–present
* Seychelles, 1977–1993
* Sierra Leone, 1967–1991Fact|date=September 2008
* Somalia, 1969–1991
* South Africa, 1994–presentFact|date=September 2008
* Tanzania, 1962–1992
* Togo, 1967–1992Fact|date=September 2008
* Tunisia, 1957–1987
* Uganda, 1966–1971
* Zambia, 1965–1991
* Zimbabwe, 1980–1991

MIDDLE EAST

* Algeria, 1962–1991
* Iraq, 1968–present (this list was made before the 2003 Invasion)
* Egypt, 1954–1980
* Sudan, 1969–1985
* Syria, 1963–present
* PDR Yemen, 1967–1990

ASIA

* Bangladesh, 1970–1975
* Burma (Myanmar), 1962–1988
* Cambodia, 1955–1970
* India, 1947–present
* Indonesia, 1949–1967
* Nepal, 1959–1960, 1994–1995 Fact|date=September 2008
* Pakistan, 1971–1977
* Sri Lanka, 1956–1977, 1994–present

LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN

* Argentina, 1946–1955, 1973–1976Fact|date=September 2008
* Aruba, 1989–1994
* Barbados, 1976–1986, 1994–present
* Bolivia, 1952–1964
* Chile, 1932, 1970–1973
* Costa Rica, 1942–1948, various from 1949–present
* Curaçao, 1979–1984, 1985–1988
* Dominican Republic, 1962, 1978–1986Fact|date=September 2008
* El Salvador, 1979–1992
* Grenada, 1979–1983
* Guatemala, 1944–1954
* Guyana, 1953, 1957–present
* Jamaica, 1972–1980, 1989–present
* Peru, 1968–1975, 1985–1990
* Suriname, 1980–1987Fact|date=September 2008
* Venezuela, 1969–1989 cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/heavenonearth/resources/app2_third_world.txt|title=APPENDIX 2: HEAVEN ON EARTH - THIRD WORLD SOCIALIST COUNTRIES|author=Muravchik, Joshua|authorlink=Joshua Muravchik |accessdate=2002]

References

External links

* [http://unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpPublications)/CB0EDD0CA97EA48280256B670065D3FB?OpenDocument A short description of an article on the crisis and economical reform in food-related areas in Third World Socialism countries] .