Leleiohoku I

Wiliam Pitt Leleiohoku I
Royal Governor of Hawaii
Spouse	Nāhiʻenaʻena Keʻelikōlani,
Issue
William Pitt Kïnaʻu
Father	Kalanimoku
Mother	Kiliwehi
Born	March 31, 1821(1821-03-31) Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Island
Died	October 21, 1848(1848-10-21) (aged 27) Honolulu, Oahu
Burial	Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum

William Pitt Leleiohoku I (March 31, 1821 – October 21, 1848) was a Hawaiian noble during the Kingdom of Hawaii who married two notable princesses and served as Royal Governor of Hawaii island. On King Kalākaua's trip around the world, he noted that the Sultan of Johor resembled Leleiohoku.

Leleiohoku was born on March 31, 1821 in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii. He was the son of the Prime Minister Kalanimoku who was called The Iron Pillar of Hawaii and took the English name of William Pitt after his contemporary William Pitt the Younger of England. His mother was Kiliwehi, the daughter of King Kamehameha I. She name him in honor of the date of death of his grandfather on the Hawaiian calendar, on the night of Hoku, Kaelo (May 14); Leleiohoku means "Fled in the time of Hoku" in Hawaiian.^[1][2]:212 He inherited his father's western name and was called "Billy Pitt". He was of the highest hereditary descent after the king.^[3] He was hānai (adopted) by John Adams Kuakini who was Governor of Hawaii Island and brother of powerful Queen Kaʻahumanu.^[4] He attended Lahainaluna Seminary ran by the American missionaries and converted to Christianity.^[2]:340

He was married in November 25, 1835 to the Princess Nāhiʻenaʻena when he was only 14; the princess was 6 years his senior. The marriage had been arranged by the missionaries to halt a sibling marriage between King Kamehameha III and Nāhiʻenaʻena. Their Christian wedding was held in Waineʻe Church. It was not a happy union.^[5] He inherited little of his father's land because Kalanimoku, shortly before his death, made a verbal will leaving his entire property to his niece Kekauʻōnohi, the previous queen of King Kamehameha II. Kekauʻōnohi, although only a cousin of Leleiohoku, was regarded according to ancient Hawaiian customs as his sister. It appears that Kalanimoku made a verbal disposition of his property to her (who was older than Leleiohoku) and willed that he should be the kanaka living under her.^[6]

Nāhiʻena became ill after a failed pregnancy and died in 1836 at age 21. The child was said to be his but probably could have been Kauikeaouli's. Leleiohoku married a second time to Princess Ruth Keʻelikōlani, who was daughter of Kalani Pauahi and Kekuanaoa. He had a son William Pitt Kīnaʻu from his second wife. He served as an original member of the House of Nobles in 1841–1846, and on the Kings Privy Council from 1845 to 1846.^[7] His foster father Kuakini died in 1844 and he inherited the governorship of the Big Island.^[8] He inherited the Huliheʻe Palace which he passed to his wife.^[9] He died on October 21 in the measles epidemic of 1848, aged 27.^[2]:237 His widow lived on and inherited her husband's properties after their son died at age 17. Keelikolani showed her love for him when she named her adoptive son Leleiohoku II, after her deceased husband Leleiohoku. He was buried on the grounds of the current Iolani Palace and later remove to the Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum.^[10]

References

1. ^ James Jackson Jarves (1843). History of the Hawaiian Islands. Tappan and Dennet. pp. 208. http://books.google.com/books?id=BfooAAAAYAAJ. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} Samuel Kamakau (1991). Ruling chiefs of Hawaii (Revised ed.). Honolulu: Kamehameha Schools Press. ISBN 0-87336-014-1. http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=chiefs&l=en. 
3. ^ Alexander Simpson (1843). The Sandwich Islands: Progress of Events Since Their Discovery By Captain Cook. Their Occupation By Lord George Paulet. Their Value and Importance. p. 71. http://books.google.com/books?id=8H4FAAAAQAAJ. 
4. ^ David Earl (1929). The Honolulu Mercury. 2. p. 182. http://books.google.com/books?id=gTU_AAAAIAAJ. 
5. ^ Lonely Planet Maui By Kristin Kimball. Page 72
6. ^ Robert G. Davids Justice of the Supreme Court, and Member of His Majesty's Privy Council (1857-1865). Reports of a Portion of the Decisions Rendered by the Supreme Court of the Hawaiian Islands, in Law Equity Admiralty and Probate. pp. 543–544. http://books.google.com/books?id=6ckDAAAAYAAJ&ots=pQzv75jCs6&pg=PA543. 
7. ^ "office record of Leleiohoku, William Pitt Sr.". Hawaii state archives. http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a0/0a34146d.dir/Leleiohoku,%20William%20Pitt%20Sr.jpg. Retrieved 2009-10-31. 
8. ^ "Governor of Hawaii". Hawaii state archives. http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a2.dir/doc.pdf. Retrieved 2009-10-31. 
9. ^ Dorothy Riconda and Robert M. Fox (September 28, 1972). "Huliheʻe Palace Nomination Form". National Register of Historic Places web site. http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NRHP/Text/73000653.pdf. Retrieved 2009-09-14. 
10. ^ "Royal Mausoleum". The Hawaiian Gazette. March 10, 1899. http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025121/1899-03-10/ed-1/seq-1/;words=Royal+ROYAL+royal+Mausoleum+mausoleum+MAUSOLEUM. Retrieved June 28, 2010. 

Preceded by John Adams Kuakini

Royal Governor of Hawaii Island 1844 - 1846

Succeeded by George Luther Kapeau

Persondata
Name	Leleiohoku 01
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	March 31, 1821
Place of birth	Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Island
Date of death	October 21, 1848
Place of death	Honolulu, Oahu