- Bhoj Wetland
The Bhoj Wetland consists of two
lake s located in the city ofBhopal , the capital of the centralIndia n state ofMadhya Pradesh . The two lakes are the Upper Lake and the Lower Lake, which lie to the west of the city center. The Upper Lake has an area of 31 km², and drains a catchment or watershed of 361 km². The watershed of the Upper Lake is mostly rural, with some urbanized areas around its eastern end. The lower lake has an area of 1.29 km². Its catchment is 9.6 km² and is mostly urbanized; the Lower Lake also receives subsurface seepage from the Upper Lake.The Upper Lake was created by King
Bhoj (1005-1055), ruler ofMalwa . He established Bhopal (also named after him) to secure the eastern frontier of his kingdom. The lake was created by constructing an earthen dam across theKolans River . The Kolans was formerly a tributary of theHalali River ; with the creation of the Upper Lake and a diversion channel, the upper reach of the Kolans River and the Upper Lake now drain into theKaliasote River . A weir at Bhadbhada, at the southeast corner of the Upper Lake, was constructed in1965 and now controls the outflow to the Kaliasote.The Lower Lake was created in
1794 by Nawab Chhote Khan, Minister of Nawab Hayath Mohammad Khan, to beautify the city. It is also contained behind an earthen dam, and drains into the Halali River via the lower reach of the Kolans River, presently known as the Patra Drain. Both the Kaliasote and Halali Rivers are tributaries of theBetwa River .The lakes are home to a diverse flora and fauna, including many
waterbird s. They have been designated a wetland of international importance under the internationalRamsar Convention .External links
* [http://www.epcobpl.org/bwl-main.html The Bhoj Wetland Project]
* [http://www.ramsar.org/photo_essay_india_bhoj.htm Bhoj Wetland photo essay]
* [http://www.wwfindia.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/freshwater_wetlands/our_work/ramsar_sites/bhoj_wetland_.cfm Bhoj Wetland (WWF India)]
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