John Gully (New Zealand artist)

John Gully (1819 - 1 November 1888) was a prominent New Zealand landscape painter.

He was born in Bath in 1819 and was the son of Philip Gully, a porter, and his wife, Mary Vincent. Gully's formal education finished when he was apprenticed to Stothert's foundry aged around 13. He worked in the designing and drafting department of the works. He had some tuition in painting from a Bristol watercolourist, W. J. Muller. Having finished his apprenticeship he got a job as a clerk in the Bath Savings Bank, then later joined his father's business in that city. He was probably already painting as a pastime and, apart from a few private lessons, received no formal art tuition.

Gully was a man of medium height with a broad brow and receding forehead, brown eyes, dark hair and whiskers. He was modest and genial.

On 22 July 1846 John Gully married Jane Moore, a young widow with a baby son and the daughter of John Eyles. They went on to have six children, two of whom died in childhood.

In 1852 Jane and John decided to emigrate with their family of three children to New Zealand. John Gully was influenced by his reading of Hursthouse's glowing account of New Zealand titled "Account of the Settlement of New Plymouth". The family sailed out from London on 23 December 1851 on the "John Phillips", a small barque. They arrived in Auckland on 5 April 1852, where after a month the ship proceeded to the settlement of New Plymouth finally arriving at their destination on 9 May 1852.

The Gully family settled at Omata, and purchased the Omata Store in 1854. However there were not enough settlers to support it and from 1856 hes was in financial difficulties. In 1858 bankruptcy forced Gully to move to New Plymouth where he engaged in casual clerical work. He also advertised his availability to paint views of properties for sending overseas. He served as a volunteer during the later Land Wars but was invalided out of the army as the hard conditions were too severe for his constitution.

On 31 July 1860 Gully and his family left New Plymouth on the "Airedale" for the city of Nelson where he was to spend the rest of his life. He purchased a house in Trafalgar Street with a large, sunny garden and orchard. Gully was fond of gardening. He also built a large studio which became a gathering place for his friends and members of his family.

He was encouraged by the geologist Julius von Haast who commissioned him to complete 12 watercolours of Canterbury mountains and glaciers to illustrate a lecture given by Haast at the Royal Geographical Society in London in 1864.

He became the part-time drawing master at Nelson College but because he was self-taught and not schooled in the classical style was not popular with the principal. Eventually in 1863, with assistance of his friend, politician and amateur painter James Crowe Richmond (whom he had met while in New Plymouth), Gully was appointed as a fulltime draughtsman at the Nelson provincial survey office. James Crowe Richmond was a lifelong friend of Gully's and companion in many painting expeditions. He continued to paint in his spare time until 1878 when he was able to resign his position to paint full time. He was an extremely popular artist during his lifetime and is now regarded as one of New Zealand's foremost landscape painters.

Painting almost entirely in watercolour, Gully often went on sketching trips and filled many sketch-books with careful pencil studies and numerous quick wash drawings both in colour and sepia. Gully's large watercolours became immensely popular at Art Society shows. He sold all of the watercolours he submitted to the New Zealand Exhibition in Dunedin in 1865 before the exhibition even opened and won a silver medal. He exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1871 and in 1873 sent 9 paintings to the New Zealand court at the Internationl Industrial Exhibition in Vienna. In 1886 he exhibited at the India and Colonial Exhibition in London and the Intercolonial Exhibition in Melbourne. He also exhibited works with the Society of British Watercolour Artists in London. His last big exhibition was the Wellington Industrial Exhibition of 1885.In 1889, a year after his death, the New Zealand and South Seas Exhibition in Dunedin featured a special showing of his works.

Gully died on 1 November 1888 at the age of sixty-nine after a long and painful illness. He was survived by his wife Jane and four sons and a daughter.

List of works

* [http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/search.aspx?advanced=colProProductionMakers%3a%22Gully%2c+John%22+colCollectionGroup%3aCH Works from the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa]

Notes

* [http://www.aucklandartgallery.org.nz/research/digitalresources/docs/cat43.pdf "John Gully" Catalogue 43. Auckland City Art Gallery, 1966]
* [http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/G/GullyJohn/GullyJohn/en An Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1966]
*Gully, J. S. 'Gully, John 1819? - 1888'. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, updated 22 June 2007 URL: http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/

Persondata
NAME = Gully, John
ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
SHORT DESCRIPTION = painter
DATE OF BIRTH = 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH = Bath, United Kingdom
DATE OF DEATH = 1 November 1888
PLACE OF DEATH = Nelson, New Zealand