The Little Foxes (film)

Infobox Film
name = The Little Foxes


caption = Original poster
director = William Wyler
producer = Samuel Goldwyn
writer = Lillian Hellman
starring = Bette Davis
Herbert Marshall
Teresa Wright
music = Meredith Willson
cinematography = Gregg Toland
editing = Daniel Mandell
distributor = RKO Radio Pictures
released = August 21, 1941 USA
runtime = 115 minutes
country = United States
language = English
budget =
preceded_by =
followed_by =
amg_id =
imdb_id = 0033836

"The Little Foxes" is a 1941 American drama film directed by William Wyler. The screenplay by Lillian Hellman is based on her 1939 play of the same name. Hellman's ex-husband Arthur Kober, close friend Dorothy Parker, and Parker's husband Alan Campbell contributed additional scenes and dialogue. [ [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title.jsp?stid=81524&category=Articles "The Little Foxes" at Turner Classic Movies] ]

Plot synopsis

The focus is on Southern aristocrat Regina Hubbard Giddens (Bette Davis), who struggles for wealth and freedom within the confines of an early 20th century society where a father considered only sons as legal heirs. As a result, her avaricious brothers Benjamin (Charles Dingle) and Oscar (Carl Benton Reid) are independently wealthy, while she must rely upon her sickly husband Horace (Herbert Marshall) for financial support.

Having married his much-maligned, alcoholic wife Birdie (Patricia Collinge) solely to acquire her family's plantation and its cotton fields, Oscar now wants to join forces with Benjamin to construct a cotton mill. They approach their sister with their need for an additional $75,000 to invest in the project. Oscar initially proposes a marriage between his son Leo (Dan Duryea) and Regina's daughter Alexandra (Teresa Wright) - first cousins - as a means of getting Horace's money, but Horace and Alexandra are repulsed by the suggestion. When Regina asks Horace outright for the money, he refuses, so Leo is pressured into stealing Horace's railroad bonds from the family business. In order to acquire a larger share in the mill, Regina threatens to report the theft to the police. In retaliation, Horace says he will claim he gave Leo the bonds as a loan, thereby cutting Regina out of the deal completely. When he suffers a heart attack, she makes no effort to give him his medicine, and he dies without anyone knowing his plan, thus enabling Regina to blackmail her brothers. The price she ultimately pays for her innate evil is the loss of Alexandra, who elopes with newspaperman David Hewitt (Richard Carlson).

Production notes

The title comes from Chapter 2, Verse 5 in the Song of Solomon in the King James version of the Bible, which reads, "Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines have tender grapes."

Tallulah Bankhead had garnered critical acclaim for her performance in the 1939 Broadway production of Hellman's play, but director William Wyler, who previously had teamed with Bette Davis on "Jezebel" (1938) and "The Letter", insisted on casting her in the lead role instead. Producer Samuel Goldwyn had no reason to argue, since none of Bankhead's films had been box office hits. Coincidentally, Davis had recreated on film another of Bankhead's Broadway roles, Judith Traherne in "Dark Victory".

The character of David Hewitt was not in the original play. Hellman created him to add a second sympathetic male to stand alongside Horace among all the venomous Hubbard men.

As a contract player at Warner Bros., Davis was earning $3,000 dollars a week. When she learned Goldwyn had paid Jack Warner $385,000 for her appearance in "Foxes", she demanded and ultimately received a share of the payment.

Davis and Wyler frequently fought during filming, about everything from her appearance to the set and costume design to her interpretation of the role. Davis had yielded to Wyler's demands during production of "The Letter", but this time she held her ground. She finally walked off the picture, but returned after rumors she would be replaced by Katharine Hepburn or Miriam Hopkins began to circulate. Even though the film was a critical and commercial success and nominated for nine Academy Awards, she and Wyler never worked together again [ [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title.jsp?stid=81524&category=Articles "The Little Foxes" at Turner Classic Movies] ] .

The film premiered at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. "The New York Times" reported it was seen by 22,163 persons on its opening day, setting what was then an all-time attendance mark for a normal opening day at the theatre [ [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50E11FD395F1A7A93C1AB1783D85F458485F9 "New York Times" article] ] .

In 1946, Hellman wrote the play "Another Part of the Forest", a prequel to "Foxes". It was adapted for the screen in 1948.

In 2003, the character of Regina Giddens, played by Davis, was ranked #43 on the American Film Institute list of the 50 Best Villains of American Cinema.

Principal cast

*Bette Davis as Regina Giddens
*Herbert Marshall as Horace Giddens
*Teresa Wright as Alexandra Giddens
*Dan Duryea as Leo Hubbard
*Patricia Collinge as Birdie Hubbard
*Charles Dingle as Ben Hubbard
*Carl Benton Reid as Oscar Hubbard
*Richard Carlson as David Hewitt

Critical reception

In his review in "The New York Times", Bosley Crowther observed, "Lillian Hellman's grim and malignant melodrama . . . has now been translated to the screen with all its original viciousness intact and with such extra-added virulence as the relentless camera of Director William Wyler and the tensile acting of Bette Davis could impart . . . [It] leaps to the front as the most bitingly sinister picture of the year and as one of the most cruelly realistic character studies yet shown on the screen . . . The test of the picture is the effectiveness with which it exposes a family of evil people poisoning everything they touch. And this it does spectacularly. Mr. Wyler, with the aid of Gregg Toland, has used the camera to sweep in the myriad small details of a mauve decadent household and the more indicative facets of the many characters. The focus is sharp, the texture of the images hard and realistic. Individual scenes are extraordinarily vivid and compelling . . . "The Little Foxes" will not increase your admiration for mankind. It is cold and cynical. But it is a very exciting picture to watch in a comfortably objective way, especially if you enjoy expert stabbing-in-the-back." [ [http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E04EFD61F3BE233A25751C2A96E9C946093D6CF "New York Times" review] ]

"Variety" said, "From starring Bette Davis down the line to the bit roles portrayed by minor Negroes the acting is well nigh flawless . . . Marshall turns in one of his top performances . . . On top of the smooth pace, Wyler has handled every detail with an acutely dramatic touch." [ [http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117792634.html?categoryid=31&cs=1&p=0 "Variety" review] ]

"Time Out London" says, "Lillian Hellman's play . . . now creaks audibly. But you are unlikely ever to see a better version than this, caressed by Gregg Toland's deep focus camerawork, embalmed by Wyler's direction and Goldwyn's sumptuous production values, galvanised by some superlative performances. The sulphurous Davis, her face a livid mask as she dispenses icy venom behind feline purrs, outdoes herself to provide the proceedings with a regally vicious centre." [ [http://www.timeout.com/film/reviews/80532/the-little-foxes.html "Time Out London" review] ]

Nominations

*Academy Award for Best Picture
*Academy Award for Best Director
*Academy Award for Best Actress (Bette Davis)
*Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Patricia Collinge and Teresa Wright)
*Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
*Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring for a Dramatic Film
*Academy Award for Best Film Editing
*Academy Award for Best Art Direction (Stephen Goosson, Howard Bristol)

References

External links

* [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0033836/ The Little Foxes] at Internet Movie Database
*amg movie|id=1:29520
* [http://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/Foxes/foxes.htm "The Little Foxes" at Reel Classics]