Violaceous Euphonia

Violaceous Euphonia

Taxobox
name = Violaceous Euphonia


image_caption = Male
status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Passeriformes
familia = Fringillidae
genus = "Euphonia"
species = "E. violacea"
binomial = "Euphonia violacea"
binomial_authority = (Linnaeus, 1758)

The Violaceous Euphonia, "Euphonia violacea", is a small passerine bird in the true finch family. It is a resident breeder from Trinidad, Tobago and eastern Venezuela south to Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. The bird's range in northern Brazil is the lower portion of the Amazon Basin and the adjacent Tocantins River drainage, with its northwestern limits from Brazil and the Guyanas, the eastern banks of the Orinoco River drainage in central Venezuela.

It occurs in forests, second growth and plantations of cocoa and citrus fruit. The ball nest is built on a bank, tree stump or cavity and the normal clutch is four, sometimes three, red-blotched white eggs, which are incubated by the female.

Adult Violaceous Euphonias are 11.4 cm long and weigh 14 g. The male has glossy blue-black upperparts and a deep golden yellow forehead and underparts. The female and immature are olive green above and greenish yellow below.

These are social birds which eat mainly small fruit and only rarely take insects. The Violaceous Euphonia’s song is a varied mix of musical notes, squeaks, chattering and imitation.

Members of the genus "Euphonia" are prized as cage birds and several are threatened by trapping, but this species benefits from its relatively inaccessible habitat.

References

* Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern
*cite book
last = ffrench
first = Richard
title = A Guide to the Birds of Trinidad and Tobago
edition = 2nd edition
year = 1991
publisher = Comstock Publishing
isbn = 0-8014-9792-2
*cite book
last = Hilty
first = Steven L
title = Birds of Venezuela
publisher = Christopher Helm
date = 2003
location = London
isbn = 0-7136-6418-5

External links

* [http://ibc.hbw.com/ibc/phtml/especie.phtml?idEspecie=9223 Violaceous Euphonia videos] on the Internet Bird Collection
* [http://www.bird-stamps.org/cspecies/20116100.htm Stamps] (for Trinidad and Tobago) with RangeMap
* [http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/photos/eupvio5562.jpgPhoto] ; [http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/violaceouseuphonia.html Article] arthurgrosset [http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/photos/eupvio9079.jpgPhoto-2] , [http://www.arthurgrosset.com/sabirds/photos/eupvio9141.jpgPhoto--3 of 5]
* [http://vireo.acnatsci.org/search.html?VIREO_SESSION_ID=bd7b73572be5a1fdbcf19beaa25d5c66&Form=Search&SEARCHBY=Common&KEYWORDS=violaceous+euphonia&showwhat=images&AGE=All&SEX=All&ACT=All&Search=Search&VIEW=All&ORIENTATION=All&RESULTS=25 Violaceous Euphonia photo gallery] VIREO [http://vireo.acnatsci.org/species_image.php?species=Euphonia+violacea Photo-High Res]


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