- Chadian–Nigerian relations
Nigeria consideredFrance its primary rival in its attempt to chart the course ofWest Africa 's political development. Its generally paternalistic relations withChad intensified after thecoup that ousted PresidentFrançois Tombalbaye in 1975. After that, limitingLibya n expansion while avoiding direct clashes with Libyan troops also became important goals. Nigeria sponsored talks among Chad's rival factions in 1979 and promoted a little-known civil servant, Mahmat Shawa Lol, as a compromise head of a coalition government. Lol's perceived status as a Nigerian puppet contributed to mounting opposition during his short term as president in 1979.The two nations forged stronger ties during the 1980s. Hoping to benefit commercially and diplomatically by expanding regional
trade relations, Nigeria replacedFrance as Chad's major source of export revenues. Bilateral trade agreements involved Chadian exports oflivestock , driedfish , and chemicals and imports of Nigerian foodstuffs and manufactured goods. Both governments also recognized the potential value of the large informal trade sector across their borders, which neither country regulated. In addition, Nigerian industry and commerce employed several thousand Chadian workers.Chad's relationship with Nigeria was not without its strains, however. Beginning in the late 1970s, clashes occurred around
Lake Chad , where both countries hoped to exploitoil reserves. Both also sought to defuse these confrontations, first by establishing joint patrols and a commission to demarcate the boundary across the lake more clearly. Then in the early 1980s, the low level ofLake Chad brought a series of tinyisland s into view, leading to further disputes and disrupting long-standing informal trade networks.This relationship was also complicated by Nigeria's own instability in the north, generated by rising
Islamic fundamentalism . Thousands of casualties occurred as the result of violent clashes in Nigeria throughout the 1980s. Most religious violence was domestic in origin, but Nigerian police arrested a few Libyans, and Nigerian apprehension of Libyan infiltration through Chad intensified.Nigeria's 1983 economic austerity campaign also produced strains with neighboring states, including Chad. Nigeria expelled several hundred thousand foreign workers, mostly from its
oil industry , which faced drastic cuts as a result of declining worldoil price s. At least 30,000 of those expelled were Chadians. Despite these strains, however, Nigerians had assisted in the halting process of achieving stability in Chad, and both nations reaffirmed their intention to maintain close ties.References
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