John Day, Oregon

Infobox Settlement
official_name = John Day, Oregon
settlement_type = City
nickname =
motto =


imagesize =
image_caption =


image_



imagesize =
image_caption =


image_

---

mapsize = 250px
map_caption = Location in Oregon


mapsize1 =
map_caption1 =
subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = Oregon
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Grant
government_type =
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Bob Quinton
established_title = Incorporated
established_date = 1901
area_magnitude =
area_total_sq_mi = 1.9
area_total_km2 = 4.9
area_land_sq_mi = 1.9
area_land_km2 = 4.9
area_water_sq_mi = 0
area_water_km2 = 0
area_urban_sq_mi =
area_urban_km2 =
area_metro_sq_mi =
area_metro_km2 =
population_as_of = 2000
population_note =
population_total = 1821
population_metro =
population_urban =
population_density_km2 = 374.0
population_density_sq_mi = 969.5
timezone = Pacific
utc_offset = -8
timezone_DST = Pacific
utc_offset_DST = -7
latd = 44 |latm = 25 |lats = 5 |latNS = N
longd = 118 |longm = 57 |longs = 18 |longEW = W
elevation_m = 951.0
elevation_ft = 3120
website = http://www.cityofjohnday.com
postal_code_type = ZIP code
postal_code = 97845
area_code = 541
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 41-37550GR|2
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 1144303GR|3
footnotes =

John Day is a city located about convert|1|mi|km north of Canyon City in Grant County, Oregon, at the intersection of U.S. Routes 26 and 395. The city was named for the nearby John Day River, which had been named for a Virginian member of the 1811 Astor Expedition, John Day.cite book
last = McArthur
first = Lewis A.
authorlink = Lewis A. McArthur
coauthors = Lewis L. McArthur
title = Oregon Geographic Names
origyear = 1928
edition = Seventh Edition
year = 2003
publisher = Oregon Historical Society Press
location = Portland, Oregon
id = ISBN 0-97595-277-1
pages = ] The city was incorporated in 1901.

As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 1,821, making it the largest city in the county. The official population estimate in 2002 was 1,672.

Geography

John Day is located at 44°25'5" North, 118°57'18" West (44.418091, -118.955064), at an elevation of convert|3083|ft|m.GR|1 According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of convert|1.9|mi2|km2, all land. John Day is surrounded by the Strawberry Mountains to the south and the Blue Mountains to the north. It is considered part of Eastern Oregon, about three hours east of Bend, Oregon and three-and-a-half hours west of Boise, Idaho.

History

The first homestead staked in Grant County (what was then Wasco County), in 1862 by B. C. Trowbridge, was within the limits of the present city of John Day. The community was not as quick to grow as neighboring Canyon City, which was the county seat and center of the bustling mining industry in the area. Incrementally, local merchants and residents began relocating to John Day—primarily each time after severe fires in Canyon City: the Grant County Courthouse burned in 1870, Chinatown burned in 1885, and fires in 1898 and 1937 devastated Canyon City’s downtown.

The first Post Office at “John Day City” was established in 1865, but was discontinued in 1871. It was reestablished in 1879 with the name John Day. In April 1900, a local committee was elected, and the Oregon Legislature approved an Act incorporating the city of John Day on February 23, 1901.

The largest part of early John Day was composed of the Chinese community, commonly called Tiger Town. In 1882, the Advent Christian Church in John Day boasted 547 members, 382 of whom were Chinese (and a number of Chinese residents were interred in the Seventh Day Adventist Cemetery). By 1887, John Day was home to nearly 1000 Chinese immigrants, who had been attracted to the area by a gold rush twenty years earlier, many of whom were displaced by the 1885 fire in Canyon City.

A trading post built in the area in the 1860s along The Dalles Military Road was purchased in 1887 by two Chinese immigrants, Lung On and Ing Hay. They converted the trading post into a clinic, general store, and social center for the community, which continued to operate until the 1940s. In the 1970s the building, then the property of the city of John Day, was converted into a museum called the Kam Wah Chung & Co. Museum. It is now operated in conjunction with the State of Oregon and is one of the premier surviving examples of a nineteenth century Chinese apothecary shop.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 1821 people, 734 households, and 472 families residing in the city. The population density was 969.5 people per square mile (374.0/km²). There were 846 housing units at an average density of 450.4/sq mi (173.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 96.92% White, 1.15% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 0% African American, 0.55% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.42% of the population.

There were 734 households out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.6% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.0% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,953, and the median income for a family was $34,327. Males had a median income of $31,908 versus $22,067 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,488. About 13.0% of families and 17.5% of the population were living below the poverty line, including 21.0% of those under the age of 18 and 22.4% of those 65 and older.

Transportation

*Grant County Regional Airport
*U.S. Route 26 and U.S. Route 395.

References

External links

* [http://www.cityofjohnday.com City of John Day]
* [http://www.gcoregonlive.com/bus_display.php/135 Grant County Chamber of Commerce entry for John Day]
* [http://www.oregonstateparks.org/park_8.php Kam Wah Chung State Heritage Site]