Raymond Carr

Infobox Person


image_size = 150px
name = Sir Raymond Carr
caption =
birth_date = 11 April 1919
birth_place = Bath, Somerset
death_date =
death_place =
education = Christ Church, Oxford
occupation = Historian
spouse = Sara Ann Mary Strickland
parents = Reginald Henry Maillard Carr
and Marion Maillard Carr
children = Adam Henry Maillard Carr
Matthew Xavier Maillard Carr
Alexander Rallion Charles Carr
Laura Selina Madeline Carr

Sir Albert Raymond Maillard Carr FBA FRHS FRSL (born 11 April 1919), known as Raymond Carr, is an English historian specializing in the history of Spain, Latin America, and Sweden who was Warden of St Antony's College, Oxford, from 1968 to 1987.

Early life

Born at Bath, Somerset [http://books.google.com/books?id=phhhHT64kIMC&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=albert+raymond+maillard+carr+bath+april+1919&source=web&ots=e_oqySHzDw&sig=s_A2GUYeV96dOv2Awzhf6HOo6-I Carr, Sir Albert Raymond Maillard] in "International Who's Who of Authors and Writers" online (19th edition, Europa Publications, London and New York, 2004) p. 93] , the son of Reginald Henry Maillard Carr and Marion Maillard Carr [http://www.thepeerage.com/p6989.htm Sir Albert Raymond Maillard Carr] at thepeerage.com (accessed 11 January 2008)] , he was educated at Brockenhurst School and Christ Church, Oxford, where he was elected Gladstone Research Exhibitioner in 1941. [http://www.xreferplus.com/entry.jsp?xrefid=6088383 CARR, Sir (Albert) Raymond (Maillard)] at "Who's Who online (accessed 11 January 2008)]

Career

Carr was briefly a lecturer at University College, London, in 1945–1946, before returning to Oxford as a Fellow of All Souls College, 1946–1953. He was next a Fellow of New College, 1953–1964, then Director of Oxford's Latin American Centre, 1964–1968 and the University's Professor of the History of Latin America, 1967–68.

He became a Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford, in 1964, Sub-Warden of the college in 1966 and Warden in 1968, a position he held until his retirement in 1987. After his retirement from Oxford, he was King Juan Carlos Professor of Spanish History at New York University in 1992.

Carr's successor as Warden of St Antony's, Ralf Dahrendorf, has described Carr's tenure of the post as the College's 'Fiesta days'. [ [http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/antonians/2006web.pdf St Antony's College record 2006, p. 21] online at sant.ox.ac.uk (accessed 11 January 2008)]

As a historian, Carr's main interest lies in the vicissitudes of 19th and 20th century Spain [http://www.fundacionprincipedeasturias.org/ing/04/premiados/trayectorias/trayectoria482.html Raymond Carr] at fundacionprincipedeasturias.org (accessed 11 January 2008)] , and he is also a specialist in Latin American and Swedish history. In the words of Sir John Elliott, " his book on Spain between 1808 and 1939 is basic to a better understanding of the era, and the later generation of historians, both within Spain and abroad, have followed up the leads that Carr gives in his book to great benefit."

His "Modern Spain, 1875-1980" was called by the "Times Literary Supplement" "a turning point in Spanish historiography - nothing comparable in scope, profundity, or perceptiveness exists." [ [http://www.powells.com/biblio?PID=28081&cgi=product&isbn=0192802364 "Spain: A History" by Raymond Carr] at powells.com (accessed 11 January 2008)]

At St Antony's, he established an Iberian Centre, of which he was co-director with Joaquin Romero Maura. ["Memories and Tributes" in "History Workshop Journal", Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 151-184] Paul Preston wrote in 1984 of their collaboration "Between them, Carr and Romero Maura instilled an intellectual rigour into modern Spanish historiography which had previously been conspicuously lacking." [Preston, Paul, Introduction to "Revolution and War in Spain, 1931-1939", Methuen, 1984, p. 6]

A Fellow of the British Academy since 1978, in 1983 he was awarded the Order of Alfonso X el Sabio by King Juan Carlos of Spain and in 1999 the Prince of Asturias Award for Social Sciences.

Carr wrote for "The Spectator" in 2007 - "I am old-fashioned and aged enough to believe that the best history is the work of the lone individual." [ [http://www.spectator.co.uk/print/the-magazine/books/20103/the-changing-face-of-clio.thtml The Changing Face of Clio] at spectator.co.uk (accessed 11 January 2008)]

His recreation is fox hunting, about which he has written two books, "English Fox Hunting: A History" (1976), a comprehensive history of fox-hunting from medieval times, and, with his wife Sara Carr, "Fox-Hunting" (1982).

Other appointments

*Member of the National Theatre Board, 1968–1977
*Chairman of the Society for Latin American Studies, 1966–1968
*Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy of History ("Real Academia de la Historia"), Madrid

Publications

*"Two Swedish Financiers: Louis De Geer and Joel Gripenstierna", in HE Bell and RL Ollard, eds., "Historical Essays Presented to David Ogg", London: Black, 1963
*"Spain 1808–1939", Oxford University Press, 1966
*"Latin American Affairs" (ed.), Oxford University Press, 1970 (St Antony's Papers, no. 22)
*"The Republic and the Civil War in Spain" (ed.), 1971
*"English Fox Hunting: A History", London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1976, 2nd edition 1986, ISBN 978-0297770749
*"The Spanish Tragedy: the Civil War in Perspective", 1977
*"Spain: Dictatorship to Democracy" (with Juan Pablo Fusi), 1979
*"Modern Spain: 1875-1980", 1980
*"Spain 1808-1975", Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982
*"Fox-Hunting" (with Sara Carr), Oxford University Press, 1982, ISBN 978-0192141408
*"Puerto Rico: a colonial experiment", 1984
*"The Spanish Civil War: A History in Pictures" (ed.), New York, W. W. Norton & Co., 1986
*"The Chances of Death: a diary of the Spanish Civil War" (ed.), 1995
*"Visiones de fin de siglio", 1999
*"Spain: a history" (ed.), 2000
*"El rostro cambiante de Clío" (collection of pieces translated into Spanish by Eva Rodríguez Halffter), Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 2005 ISBN 84-9742-403-4

Carr has also written many book reviews for journals, including the "New York Review of Books" [ [http://www.nybooks.com/authors/682 Raymond Carr] at nybooks.com (accessed 11 January 2008)] and "The Spectator". [ [http://www.spectator.co.uk/search/author/?searchString=Raymond%20Carr Raymond Carr] at spectator.co.uk (accessed 11 January 2008)]

Family

In 1950, Carr married Sara Ann Mary Strickland, daughter of Algernon Walter Strickland and of Lady Mary Pamela Madeline Sibell Charteris. Sara Strickland's maternal grandfather was Hugo Charteris, 11th Earl of Wemyss, and one of her great-grandfathers was Percy Wyndham (1835-1911), a Conservative politician who was one of The Souls. The Carrs have three sons and one daughter, Adam Henry Maillard Carr (born 1951), Matthew Xavier Maillard Carr (born 1953), Laura Selina Madeline Carr (born 1954), and Alexander Rallion Charles Carr (born 1958). Their son Matthew, a portrait artist, married Lady Anne Mary Somerset in 1988, and their daughter Eleanor Carr was born in 1992. Laura Carr married Richard E. Barrowclough in 1978 and has four children, Milo Edmond, Conrad Oliver, Theodore Charles, and Sibell Augusta. [ [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~conqueror/genealogy_html/i145.html#i12147 Descendants of William the Conqueror] at genealogy.rootsweb.com (accessed 12 January 2008)]

Honours

*Member of the British Academy, 1972 [http://www.mediterraneanstudies.org/ms/vol_3.html Mediterranean Studies 3 (1992): About the Contributors] at mediterraneanstudies.org (accessed 11 January 2008)]
*Fellow of the British Academy, 1978
*Distinguished Professor, Boston University, 1980
*Honorary Student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1986
*Knight Bachelor, 1987 New Year Honours [LondonGazette|issue=50764|supp=yes|startpage=1|date=30 December 1986|accessdate=2008-01-15] [LondonGazette|issue=50873|supp=yes|startpage=4181|date=27 March 1987|accessdate=2008-01-15]
*Fellow of the Royal Historical Society
*Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature
*Honorary Fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford, 1988
*Honorary D Litt, University of Madrid, 1999
*Award of Merit, Society for Spanish Historical Studies of the US, 1987
*Leimer Award for Spanish Studies, University of Augsburg, 1990
*Prince of Asturias Award in Social Sciences, Prince of Asturias Foundation, 1999
*Grand Cross of the Order of Alfonso X el Sabio (Spain), 1983
*Order of Infante Dom Henrique (Portugal), 1989
*Foreign Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2004 [ [http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/antonians/Autumn04.pdf St Antony's College Newsletter 2004] online at sant.ox.ac.uk (accessed 11 January 2008)]

Clubs

Beafsteak and Oxford and Cambridge; sometime Senior Member of the Bullingdon. [cite web |url=http://www.lordbath.co.uk/42_1.htm |title=Career and activities: settling into my undergraduate identity: Journal, 22nd October 1955 |accessdate=2008-01-11 |author=7th Marquess of Bath |year=1999 |quote=On Tuesday I received a message from Raymond Carr to say that he wanted to see me - in his capacity as the Senior Member of the Bullingdon Club.]

References