DEFA5

Defensin, alpha 5, Paneth cell-specific
PDB rendering based on 1zmp.
Available structures PDB 1ZMP, 3I5W
Identifiers
Symbols	DEFA5; DEF5; HD-5; MGC129728
External IDs	OMIM: 600472 HomoloGene: 88502 GeneCards: DEFA5 Gene
Gene Ontology Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space Biological process • killing of cells of other organism • defense response to bacterium • defense response to fungus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1670	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000164816	n/a
UniProt	Q01523	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_021010	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_066290	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 8: 6.91 – 6.91 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[1]	n/a

Defensin, alpha 5 (DEFA6) also known as human alpha defensin 5 (HD5) is a human protein that is encoded by the DEFA5 gene.^[1][2] DEFA5 is expressed in the Paneth cells of the ileum.^[3]

Defensins are a family of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides thought to be involved in host defense. They are abundant in the granules of neutrophils and also found in the epithelia of mucosal surfaces such as those of the intestine, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and vagina. Members of the defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence and distinguished by a conserved cysteine motif. Several of the alpha defensin genes appear to be clustered on chromosome 8. The protein encoded by this gene, defensin, alpha 5, is highly expressed in the secretory granules of Paneth cells of the ileum.^[1]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: DEFA5 defensin, alpha 5, Paneth cell-specific". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1670. 
2. ^ Jones DE, Bevins CL (January 1993). "Defensin-6 mRNA in human Paneth cells: implications for antimicrobial peptides in host defense of the human bowel". FEBS Lett. 315 (2): 187–92. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)81160-2. PMID 8417977. 
3. ^ Zhao C, Wang I, Lehrer RI (24 Nov 1996). "Widespread expression of beta-defensin hBD-1 in human secretory glands and epithelial cells". FEBS Lett 396 (2–3): 319–22. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(96)01123-4. PMID 8915011. 

Further reading

• Mallow EB, Harris A, Salzman N, et al. (1996). "Human enteric defensins. Gene structure and developmental expression". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (8): 4038–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.8.4038. PMID 8626737. 
• Bevins CL, Jones DE, Dutra A, et al. (1996). "Human enteric defensin genes: chromosomal map position and a model for possible evolutionary relationships". Genomics 31 (1): 95–106. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0014. PMID 8808285. 
• Porter EM, Liu L, Oren A, et al. (1997). "Localization of human intestinal defensin 5 in Paneth cell granules". Infect. Immun. 65 (6): 2389–95. PMC 175331. PMID 9169779. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=175331. 
• Quayle AJ, Porter EM, Nussbaum AA, et al. (1998). "Gene expression, immunolocalization, and secretion of human defensin-5 in human female reproductive tract". Am. J. Pathol. 152 (5): 1247–58. PMC 1858596. PMID 9588893. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1858596. 
• Ghosh D, Porter E, Shen B, et al. (2002). "Paneth cell trypsin is the processing enzyme for human defensin-5". Nat. Immunol. 3 (6): 583–90. doi:10.1038/ni797. PMID 12021776. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Salzman NH, Ghosh D, Huttner KM, et al. (2003). "Protection against enteric salmonellosis in transgenic mice expressing a human intestinal defensin". Nature 422 (6931): 522–6. doi:10.1038/nature01520. PMID 12660734. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Szyk A, Wu Z, Tucker K, et al. (2006). "Crystal structures of human alpha-defensins HNP4, HD5, and HD6". Protein Sci. 15 (12): 2749–60. doi:10.1110/ps.062336606. PMC 2242434. PMID 17088326. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2242434. 
• Wu Z, Ericksen B, Tucker K, et al. (2004). "Synthesis and characterization of human alpha-defensins 4-6". J Pept Res. 64 (3): 118–25. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3011.2004.00179.x. PMID 15317502. 
• de Leeuw E, Burks SR, Li X, et al. (2007). "Structure-dependent functional properties of human defensin 5". FEBS Lett. 581 (3): 515–20. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.12.036. PMC 1832120. PMID 17250830. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1832120.