NFS1

NFS1 nitrogen fixation 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)
Identifiers
Symbols	NFS1; IscS; NIFS
External IDs	OMIM: 603485 MGI: 1316706 HomoloGene: 5463 GeneCards: NFS1 Gene
EC number	2.8.1.7
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding • transferase activity • pyridoxal phosphate binding • cysteine desulfurase activity • cysteine desulfurase activity • protein homodimerization activity Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm • mitochondrion • mitochondrial matrix • cytosol • cytosol Biological process • sulfur amino acid metabolic process • protein complex assembly • cysteine metabolic process • vitamin metabolic process • water-soluble vitamin metabolic process • Mo-molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process • iron incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster • molybdopterin cofactor biosynthetic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9054	18041
Ensembl	ENSG00000244005	ENSMUSG00000027618
UniProt	Q9Y697	Q8C6I5
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001198989.1	NM_010911.2
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001185918.1	NP_035041.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 20: 34.22 – 34.29 Mb	Chr 2: 155.82 – 155.84 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Cysteine desulfurase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NFS1 gene.^[1][2][3]

Iron-sulfur clusters are required for the function of many cellular enzymes. The protein encoded by this gene supplies inorganic sulfur to these clusters by removing the sulfur from cysteine, creating alanine in the process. This gene uses alternate in-frame translation initiation sites to generate mitochondrial forms and cytoplasmic/nuclear forms. Selection of the alternative initiation sites is determined by the cytosolic pH. The encoded protein belongs to the class-V family of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent aminotransferases.^[3]

References

1. ^ Land T, Rouault TA (Jan 1999). "Targeting of a human iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme, nifs, to different subcellular compartments is regulated through alternative AUG utilization". Mol Cell 2 (6): 807–15. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80295-6. PMID 9885568. 
2. ^ Biederbick A, Stehling O, Rosser R, Niggemeyer B, Nakai Y, Elsasser HP, Lill R (Jul 2006). "Role of human mitochondrial Nfs1 in cytosolic iron-sulfur protein biogenesis and iron regulation". Mol Cell Biol 26 (15): 5675–87. doi:10.1128/MCB.00112-06. PMC 1592756. PMID 16847322. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1592756. 
3. ^ ^{a b} "Entrez Gene: NFS1 NFS1 nitrogen fixation 1 homolog (S. cerevisiae)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9054. 

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. 
• Tong WH, Rouault T (2000). "Distinct iron-sulfur cluster assembly complexes exist in the cytosol and mitochondria of human cells.". EMBO J. 19 (21): 5692–700. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.21.5692. PMC 305809. PMID 11060020. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=305809. 
• Stanchi F, Bertocco E, Toppo S, et al. (2001). "Characterization of 16 novel human genes showing high similarity to yeast sequences.". Yeast 18 (1): 69–80. doi:10.1002/1097-0061(200101)18:1<69::AID-YEA647>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 11124703. 
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing.". EMBO Rep. 1 (3): 287–92. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058. PMC 1083732. PMID 11256614. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1083732. 
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.". Nature 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Li K, Tong WH, Hughes RM, Rouault TA (2006). "Roles of the mammalian cytosolic cysteine desulfurase, ISCS, and scaffold protein, ISCU, in iron-sulfur cluster assembly.". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (18): 12344–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M600582200. PMID 16527810.