HMS Acheron (H45)

HMS "Acheron" was an A class destroyer of the Royal Navy. She served during the Second World War in Home waters and off the Norwegian coast, before becoming an early war loss when she sank after hitting a mine off the Isle of Wight on 17 December 1940. The wrecksite is designated under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986.

Construction and commissioning

HMS "Acheron" was ordered on 29 May 1928 from the yards of John I. Thornycroft & Company, Woolston, Hampshire under the 1927 Naval Estimates. She was laid down on 29 October 1928 and was launched a year later on 18 March 1930. She was commissioned on 13 October 1931. She suffered from a number of mechanical problems which became evident in the first year of her service and would go on to plague her for the whole of her service, despite a succession of modifications and refits. When the Second World War broke out in September 1939, she was under repair at Portsmouth and was not able to take up her war station until December 1939.

Wartime career

On completion of repairs and refit, she joined the 16th Destroyer Flotilla of the Home Fleet at Scapa Flow on 23 March 1940. The flotilla was then deployed in the North Western Approaches and the North Sea. After the German invasion of Norway on 9 April 1940, "Acheron" was deployed with the flotilla on convoy defence and fleet screening duties in support of the military landings in Norway. On 17 April she and HMS "Arrow" were part of the escort for the cruisers HMS "Galatea", HMS "Arethusa", HMS "Carlisle" and HMS "Curacoa". The cruisers then landed troops at Åndalsnes and Molde. On arrival on at Åndalsnes on 18 April, "Acheron" was detached and deployed on patrol and escort duties. She then escorted the aircraft carrier HMS "Glorious" from Scapa Flow, before deploying with the destroyers HMS "Antelope" and HMS "Beagle" off Namsos.

On 31 May "Acheron", HMS "Acasta", HMS "Ardent", HMS "Highlander" and HMS "Diana" escorted HMS "Glorious" and HMS "Ark Royal" to Norway to cover the final evacuation of British troops from Norway (Operation Alphabet). This was completed by 9 June, whereupon "Acheron" resumed her normal duties with the flotilla. She then operated in the English Channel to escort convoys and was in dock at Portsmouth on 21 June to have a convert|3|in|mm|sing=on High Angle gun fitted to improve her anti-aircraft defence. Whilst sailing convert|10|mi|km south off St. Catherine's Point on 20 July, she was attacked by German dive bombers, and was damaged by nine near misses.

She began repairs at Portsmouth Dockyard on 6 August, but on 24 August she was seriously damaged during an air raid which killed two of her crew and injured another three. One bomb hit her aft section and exploded, causing severe damage to her machinery, "Y" gun and superstructure. This caused her repairs to be extended until October, with her “Y” Gun being replaced by a mounting from the destroyer HMS "Boadicea", which had been damaged in June. In November "Acheron" was nominated for service as gunnery training destroyer.

inking

Repairs were fully completed by 2 December and she began post refit trials. On 17 December she was sailing off the Isle of Wight. The trial was being conducted at night, in heavy seas and with a strong north-east wind in complete darkness. She was conducting steaming exercises over a measured mile, convert|8|nmi|km west-south-west of St. Catherine's Point. On one of the passes, she struck a mine. The explosion caused major structural damage forward and her own speed drove her under. She sank within four minutes, taking 196 crewmen and yard workers, who were on board for the trials, to the bottom. There were only 19 survivors. The mine was probably one of those laid by the Luftwaffe in no definite pattern along the Channel coast. Her sinking was not made public until 27 December 1940.

The wrecksite was designated as a "Protected Place" under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986 in 2006.

References

*Colledge
*cite web
author=
year=
url=http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/4342.html
title=HMS Acheron at Uboat.net
format=
work=
publisher=
accessdate=January 5
accessyear=2008
*cite web
author=Lt Cdr Geoffrey B Mason RN (Rtd)
year=2002
url=http://www.naval-history.net/xGM-Chrono-10DD-13A-Acheron.htm
title= HMS ACHERON - A-class Destroyer
format=
work=
publisher=
accessdate=5 January
accessyear=2008
*cite web
author=
year=
url=http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2008/uksi_20080950_en_1
title= Statutory Instrument 2008 No. 950 The Protection of Military Remains Act 1986 (Designation of Vessels and Controlled Sites) Order 2008
format=
work=
publisher=
accessdate=7 August
accessyear=2008