Fort Huachuca

Infobox Military Structure
name=Fort Huachuca
partof=
location=Cochise County, Arizona


caption=Insignia of some units stationed at Fort Huachuca
type=Army post
built=1877
builder=
materials=
height=
used=1877-present
demolished=
condition=
ownership=
controlledby=U.S. Army
garrison=United States Army Intelligence Center 11th Signal Brigade 1st Battalion, 210th Aviation
commanders= Major General John M. Custer CSM Gerardus Wykoff
occupants=
battles=
events= Fort Huachuca is a United States Army installation under the command of the United States Army Installation Management Command. It is located in Cochise County, in southeast Arizona, about 15 miles north of the border with Mexico. Sierra Vista, which annexed the fort in 1971, is located south and east of the post, and Huachuca City, is to the north and west. Its major tenants are the Army Network Enterprise Technology Command (NETCOM)/9th Army Signal Command and the United States Army Intelligence Center. Libby Army Airfield is located on post and shares the runway with Sierra Vista Municipal Airport; it is on the list of alternate landing locations for the space shuttle, though it has never been used as such.

Fort Huachuca is also the headquarters of Army Military Affiliate Radio System. Other tenant agencies include the Joint Interoperability Test Command and the Electronic Proving Ground.

The fort is also home to a radar-equipped aerostat, one of a series maintained for the Drug Enforcement Administration by Lockheed Martin. The aerostat is based northeast of Garden Canyon and, when extended, supports the DEA drug interdiction mission by detecting low-flying aircraft attempting to penetrate the United States.

History

Infobox_nrhp | name =Fort Huachuca
nrhp_type =nhl


caption =
nearest_city= Sierra Vista, Arizona
locmapin = Arizona
area =
built =1877
architect= US Army
architecture=
designated= May 11, 1976cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1424&ResourceType=District
title=Fort Huachuca |accessdate=2007-09-27|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service]
added = November 20, 1974cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service]
governing_body = DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
refnum=74000443

Following the Gadsden Purchase, prospectors and ranchers began moving to the new southern portion of the Arizona Territory in increased numbers. The Chiricahua Apache, who had battled fiercely against the Spanish and Mexicans in the area, posed a threat to Americans in the area. The United States Army decided a new installation was needed to counter the Chiricahua threat and to help secure the border with Mexico. On March 3, 1877, Captain Samuel Marmaduke Whitside, accompanied by two Troops (Companies) of the 6th Cavalry, chose a site at the base of the Huachuca Mountains that offered sheltering hills and a perennial stream. After the surrender of Geronimo in 1886, the Apache threat was essentially extinguished, but Fort Huachuca was kept open because of its strategic border position. The base was home to the "Buffalo Soldiers" of the U.S. 10th Cavalry Regiment for twenty years. It was used as a forward logistics and supply base during the Pancho Villa Expedition of 1916-1917.

The 92nd and 93rd (Black) Infantry Divisions were trained at Huachuca during WWII. The post was essentially closed in the late 1940s, but was given a new lease on life with the arrival of the Signal Corps and the Electronics Proving Ground (EPG). In 1967, Fort Huachuca became the headquarters of the U.S. Army Strategic Communications Command, which became the U.S. Army Communications Command in 1973; and U.S. Army Information Systems Command (USAAISC) in 1984. It is now known as the United States Army Network Enterprise Technology Command (NETCOM)/9th Army Signal Command. [http://huachuca-www.army.mil/HISTORY/huachuca.htm Fort Huachuca - General History] , U.S. Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca, Accessed May 14, 2008.]

Fort Huachuca was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976.cite web|url=PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Text/74000443.pdf "Fort Huachuca", January 1976, by George R. Adams] |0.99 MiB |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination|date=1976-01|publisher=National Park Service] cite web|url=PDFlink| [http://pdfhost.focus.nps.gov/docs/NHLS/Photos/74000443.pdf Fort Huachuca--Accompanying photos, 12 from 1976, 4 from c.1890, 5 from 1975.] |5.10 MiB |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination|date=1976-01|publisher=National Park Service]

ignal

Fort Huachuca is home to the 11th Signal Brigade, which is one of the Army's tactical Signal Brigades. It is a major subordinate command of the Army Network Enterprise Technology Command (NETCOM)/9th Army Signal Command, which is located in Greely Hall on Fort Huachuca. The 11th Signal Brigade has the mission of rapidly deploying worldwide to provide and protect Command, Control, Communications, and Computer support for Army Service Component Commanders and Combatant Commanders as well as, Joint Task Force and Coalition Headquarters across the full range of military operations. The "Thunderbirds" constantly train in and around the desert conditions of southeast Arizona and were deployed to provide signal operations during the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

Military Intelligence

In addition to the US Army Intelligence Center, Fort Huachuca is the home of the 111th Military Intelligence Brigade, which conducts Military Intelligence (MI) MOS-related training for the Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marines. The Military Intelligence Officer Basic Leadership Course Phase Three (MIBOLCIII), Military Intelligence Captain's Career Course (MICCC), and Warrant Officer Basic and Advanced Courses are also taught on the installation. The Army's MI branch also held the proponency for unmanned aircraft systems due to their intelligence-gathering capabilities until April 2006, when the Aviation branch activated the 1st Battalion, 210th Aviation Regiment. Additional training in human intelligence (e.g. interrogation, counterintelligence), imagery intelligence, and electronic intelligence and analysis is also conducted within the 111th.

Controversy

Since 2004, there have been allegations that Fort Huachuca has been linked to the teaching of abuse or torture techniques that were used in Abu Ghraib and elsewhere. In October 2007, two Roman Catholic priests (Louie Vitale and Steve Kelly) were sentenced to 5 months imprisonment for trespassing after refusing to depart the installation when authorities refused to accept a letter that would have formally acknowledged a link between Fort Huachuca and training in torture methods. [cite web|url=http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2007/05/20/1325/|title=CommonDreams.org - Priests Claim Torture; Arizona Army Post Says No]

ee also

References

External links

* [http://www.huachuca.army.mil/index.html Fort Huachuca Homepage]
* [http://www.militarycampgrounds.us/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=33&Itemid=38 Fort Huachuca Apache Flats RV Resort information.]
* [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/amsw/ American Southwest, a National Park Service "Discover Our Shared Heritage" Travel Itinerary]